【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Are energy drinks safe? In spite of the dangers 【1】 (know) to us all, the market for energy drinks is booming. The Global Energy Drink market 【2】 (expect) to teach $72 billion by 2024. This is great news for energy drink producers, 【3】 what are consumers really getting when they buy these drinks?

Energy drinks can cause dehydration (脫水). The main source of energy in most energy products is caffeine, 【4】increases urine (尿) production. People shouldn’t consume more than 400 mg of caffeine per day, but energy drink producers are not required by draw 【5】 (list) the amount of caffeine their products contain.

Energy drinks can increase heart rate. Caffeine contributes 【6】 a heart rate risk, says nutritionist Lisa Cohn, who found that energy drink abuse among teens 【7】 (cause) increased risk of heart attack, especially in those with potential heart conditions

Energy drinks can damage 【8】 (tooth) Most energy products contain large amounts of citric acid (檸檬酸), which is particularly 【9】 (harm) to enamel (牙釉質(zhì)). In fact, the 【10】 (lose) of enamel after exposure to energy drinks is more than twice higher than after exposure to sports drinks.

【答案】

【1】known

【2】is expected

【3】but

【4】which

【5】to list

【6】to

【7】caused

【8】teeth

【9】harmful

【10】loss

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述功能飲料對(duì)身體的一些危害。

【1】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管我們都知道這些危險(xiǎn)，但功能飲料的市場(chǎng)正在蓬勃發(fā)展。known to us all是過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the dangers，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that / which are known to us all，故填known。

【2】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：到2024年，全球功能飲料市場(chǎng)預(yù)計(jì)將增長(zhǎng)720億美元。主語(yǔ)The Global Energy Drink market是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞expect的承受者，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；表示說的是現(xiàn)在的預(yù)期，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is expected。

【3】考查連詞。句意：這對(duì)功能飲料生產(chǎn)商來說是個(gè)好消息，但消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買這些飲料時(shí)真正得到了什么呢?前一分句與后一分句之間意義上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。

【4】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：大多數(shù)功能產(chǎn)品中，功能的主要來源是咖啡因,它能增加尿液產(chǎn)生。關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞caffeine，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which。

【5】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：人們每天攝入的咖啡因不應(yīng)超過400毫克，但法律并沒有要求功能飲料生產(chǎn)商列出其產(chǎn)品中咖啡因的含量。require sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，這里用的是其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be required to do sth，故填to list。

【6】考查介詞。句意：營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家Lisa Cohn說，咖啡因會(huì)增加心率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)青少年濫用能量飲料會(huì)增加心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是那些有潛在心臟病的青少年。contribute to是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“促成；帶來；有助于”，故填to。

【7】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家Lisa Cohn說，咖啡因會(huì)增加心率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)青少年濫用能量飲料會(huì)增加心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是那些有潛在心臟病的青少年。在who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，主句是一般過去時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句也要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，故填caused。

【8】考查名詞。句意：能量飲料會(huì)損害牙齒。人的牙齒有許多顆，需用tooth的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填teeth。

【9】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：大多數(shù)功能產(chǎn)品含有大量檸檬酸，這對(duì)牙釉質(zhì)特別有害�？崭裰兴顔卧~在句中作表語(yǔ)，需用harm的形容詞形式，故填harmful。

【10】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換�？崭裰兴顔卧~作句子的主語(yǔ)，需用名詞形式，故填loss。

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