【題目】There are two factors (因素) which decide an individual’s intelligence (智商). The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ greatly, some being more capable (有能力) than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual (個(gè)體) will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual has less chances environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never arrive at the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in deciding an individual’s intelligence can be shown by the case history of the twins. When they were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in different homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in a separate community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was brought up in the home of well-to-do opportunity to be encouraged intellectually.

This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his twin brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having similar brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

【1】This passage can best be titled .

A. Measuring Your Intelligence

B. Intelligence and Environment

C. The Case of Peter and Mark

D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence

【2】According to the passage, the average IQ is .

A. 85 B. 100

C. 110 D. 125

【3】The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that .

A. human brains differ greatly

B. the brain a person is born with is important in deciding his intelligence

C. environment is important in deciding a person’s intelligence

D. persons having similar brains will have roughly the same intelligence

【4】This passage suggests that an individual’s IQ .

A. can be foretold (預(yù)言) at birth

B. stays the same throughout his life

C. can be increased by education

D. is determined by his childhood

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】C

【解析】這篇文章主要講了智商和環(huán)境的關(guān)系，尤其說明了智商和受教育程度成正比。

【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual has less chances environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never arrive at the level of intelligence of which he is capable.可知這篇文章主要講了智商和環(huán)境的關(guān)系，選B。

【2】計(jì)算題。根據(jù)Mark’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average可知125-25=100，選B。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)The importance of environment in deciding an individual’s intelligence can be shown by the case history of the twins.可判斷出環(huán)境在決定一個(gè)人的智力方面起著重要的作用，選C。

【4】推理判斷題。雙胞胎兄弟Peter與Mark先天智力相同，由于后天環(huán)境的因素，Peter沒有受教育，而Mark受到了良好的教育。在后來的測(cè)試中，Mark的智商遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過Peter，由此可見，通過教育，可以讓一個(gè)人的智商提高，選C。

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