Question

【題目】 One of the most critical roles forests play is relieving climate change. Trees suck enormous amounts of carbon dioxide out of the air and fix the carbon in their wood and the soil. A recent study found that planting new trees over an area the size of the US could suck away two thirds of all the carbon dioxide discharge that humans have pumped into the atmosphere.

“Without animals, it is harder for forests to absorb carbon, as tree species (種類) important for protecting the climate could be lost without animals", Susanne Winter, a program director said at the WWF.

In Africa, many of the tree species that absorb the most carbon rely on large birds and primates (靈長類動物) to eat their fruits and spread their large seeds, according to the report. Without them, those trees would have difficulty reproducing and forests would lose their best carbon-storing trees.

“Forests are our greatest natural ally in the fight against global warming, ”Winter said.“If we want to hold back the worldwide decline in biodiversity and prevent the climate crisis,s we need to protect the forests and the species living there.

Forests also filter (過濾) water-- as water makes its way to lakes or groundwater reserves, the roots and soil separate it from deposits and pollution that it collects along the way. What' s more, forests regulate the global water cycle, since trees' leaves, branches, and roots store or send out water vapor.

Climate models show that forest-cutting down in Central Africa could lead to a 15% drop in rainfall in the US Midwest, and Amazon deforestation (森林濫伐) could cut Texas rainfall by 25%.

Humans also get food, wood, and medicine from the abundance of plants and animals in forests. Worldwide, 1.6 billion people rely on forests for their livings, according to the United Nations. About 300 million people live in forests, according to WWF.

【1】What's the purpose of Paragraph 3?

A.To tell where the large seeds go.

B.To show the tree species in Africa.

C.To draw reader' s attention to Africa.

D.To support Susanne Winter’s opinion.

【2】What does the underlined word“ally" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Winner.

B.Competitor.

C.Partner.

D.Victim.

【3】How do forests change climate according to the passage?

A.By affecting air and water.

B.By feeding birds and animals.

C.By providing life necessities.

D.By increasing the variety of trees.

【4】What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Water should be filtered.

B.The more forests, the more rain.

C.Forests should be globally protected.

D.Half the carbon dioxide is sucked away by trees.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

本文是說明文。文章介紹了森林在緩解氣候變化和應(yīng)對氣候危機方面、在調(diào)節(jié)地球水循環(huán)方面以及為人類提供食物、木材和藥物方面所起的重要作用，說明森林對于人類的重要性。

【1】推理判斷題。第二段中Susanne Winter 提出觀點“tree species important for protecting the climate could be lost without animals "（如果沒有動物，那些對于保護氣候很重要的樹種可能會消失）”；第三段中提到“Without them, those trees would have difficulty reproducing and forests would lose their best carbon-storing trees. （沒有它們，這些樹木將難以繁殖，森林將失去它們最好的碳儲存樹木。）”，可以推斷第三段是以非洲為例，進一步說明Susanne Winter的觀點。故選D項。

【2】詞義推斷題。根據(jù)劃線詞后一句Winter所說的話“‘If we want to hold back the worldwide decline in biodiversity and prevent the climate crisis, we need to protect the forests and the species living there. （如果我們想阻止全球生物多樣性的下降，防止氣候危機，我們就需要保護森林和生活在那里的物種。）”，Winter認(rèn)為森林在阻止全球氣候變化中起著重要的作用，因此可以推斷，“Forests are our greatest natural ally”意思為“森林是我們（對抗全球變暖）最天然的盟友/ 伙伴”。故選C項。

【3】推理判斷題。第一段中“One of the most critical roles forests play is relieving climate change.”，森林吸收人類排放到大氣中的二氧化碳，緩解氣候變化；第五段中“Forests also filter (過濾) water…forests regulate the global water cycle”，森林也過濾水，也調(diào)節(jié)著全球的水循環(huán)。因此可以推斷，森林是通過影響空氣和地球上的水循環(huán)影響氣候的。 故選A項。

【4】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章第一到四段提到森林在緩解氣候變化方面的作用，第五、六段提到森林在調(diào)節(jié)水循環(huán)方面的作用，第七段提到森林為我們提供食物、木材和藥物。因此文章是說明森林對于人類的重要性。因此可以推斷，森林應(yīng)該在全球范圍內(nèi)得到保護。故選C項。