Disposing (處理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes 1. (increase) difficult.

During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot 2. a dump site (垃圾場). People 3. (transport) household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Regularly some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The 4.(pleasant) sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories, mills (制造廠), and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted 5.(remaining) into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices 6.(accept) to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, 7. are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. The land is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. A long distance dump has been a common practice, 8. once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent. 9.(aware) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

10.(recycle) efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學(xué)年江西省高一4月（第六次）月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：七選五

When we were kids, my little sister Madison and I were the M&Ms—my parents' two daughters. 1. So it was quite a surprise when my mom and dad sat us down to let us know that baby number three was on the way when I was 10 years old. However, as soon as my brother Mac was born, he completely stole my heart and I have learned many things from having a young brother.

● 2.

Having a baby in your life means watching your parents endlessly change diapers (尿布), make bottles, and wipe spit-ups every once in a while. I was allowed to do those things and I learned just how important it was to take care of this little life before I even hit middle school.

● You watch a child grow up.

3.I remember how excited my family was when we discovered how fast of a reader he was in kindergarten. I'll never forget telling him bedtime stories before he went to sleep at night. It's cool to think about the entirety of his life and how far he has come.

● You teach your brother life lessons.

From a young age, my brother watched my sister and me overcome personal challenges, go to high school, and, worst of all, get our hearts broken. 4. Watching his sisters go through life's difficulties has taught him how he should act when he gets older.

Now Mac is 11 years old. I have no shame in telling people that one of my best friends is an 11-year-old boy. In fact, our family without him is unimaginable. 5.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年內(nèi)蒙古高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce human-like milk.

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1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. The importance of genetic engineering.

B. Ways to improve mothers’ milk.

C. A cloned cow to produce human-like milk.

D. Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina.

2.Which of the following can best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?

A. have more varieties than

B. be more similar to

C. have more nutrition than

D. be more different from

3.What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner’s statements?

A. She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.

B. She considered it an honor to name the special cow.

C. She felt it improper to be named after the cow.

D. She refused to give a name to the cow out of self-respect.

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Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation for example. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.
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A. She’s a housewife. B. She’s a writer.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試仿真卷英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

（重慶一中2016屆高三5月模擬）For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.

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A. 5 billion． B. 10 billion.

C. 15 billion. D. 200 billion

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B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

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C. check D. form

4.Which of these statements is true based on the information in the passage?

A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

D. Scientists don’t believe that there might be life on other planets.

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Have you ever wondered?

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（2）What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?

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1.What information can we get from the first passage?

A. It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.

B. Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.

C. It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.

D. The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.

2.The word “shoot” underlined in the 2nd paragraph probably means“________”.

A. send for B. move quickly C. come out D. grow quickly

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A. buildings and other structures would float away

B. trees and buildings would not so easily fly off

C. something around your head would not float away

D. everything outside buildings would fly off into space

4.Where can we most probably read this text?

A. In a research paper. B. In a short story.

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As Artificial Intelligence (A) becomes increasingly sophisticated,there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.This danger can be avoided,according to computer science professor Stuart Russell,if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.

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For example,if a robot does chores around the house,you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell.

Some robots are already programmed with basic human values.For example,mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans.Obviously there are cultural differences,but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space,you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.

It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines,if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.

Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior.They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.

The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.

One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.

If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave,it has the opportunity to stop,send out beeps,and ask for directions from a human.If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.

The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.But if we come up with an answer,robots could be good for humanity.

1.What does the author say about the threat of robots?

A. It may be a challenge to computer programmers.

B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.

C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.

D. It has become an inevitable danger as technology gets more sophisticated.

2.How do robots learn human values?

A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.

B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.

C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.

D. By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.

3.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?

A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.

B. Do sufficient testing before taking action.

C. Set off its built-in alarm system at once.

D. Stop to seek advice from a human being.

4.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?

A. Determine what is moral and ethical.

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C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.

D. Develop a more sophisticated program.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆江西省招生全國統(tǒng)一考試仿真卷英語試卷（六）（解析版） 題型：七選五

Every living thing has genes. Genes carry information. 1. They make sure that humans give birth to humans and cows give birth to cows. They also make sure that a dog doesn’t give birth to a frog, or an elephant to a horse. However, genetic engineers take genes from one species-for example, a snake, and transfer them to another-for example, corn. 2. Such new life forms have been described, by some scientists as a real-life Frankenstein(科幻怪人).

Genetic engineers put duck genes into chicken to make the chickens bigger. They put hormones(激素) into cows to make them produce more milk. They put genes from flowers into beans and from fish into tomatoes. 3. It just makes them easier and faster for the farmer to grow.

The effects of genetic engineering on the natural world may be disastrous. The engineers may create strange life beings, or monsters. that we cannot control. 4. They’ll have to find one, fight for one-or kill for one. It may be your land they fight for-or you that they kill. Moreover, the effects of these experiments can often be cruel. In America, pigs were given human genes to make them bigger and less fatty. The experiment failed. The pigs became very ill and began to lose their eyesight. We would all like a better, healthier and longer life, and genetic engineering might give us this. On the other hand, it may be a dangerous experiment with nature. In the story of Frankenstein, the doctor created such a terrible and dangerous monster that he had to destroy it. 5.

A. The information tells us what to do or what not to do

B. We must make sure that this tale remains a story-and no more than that

C. This doesn’t make them cheaper, tastier, or healthier

D. The new life forms have no natural habitat or home

E. Then they feed the tomatoes to the fish

F. In this way a new life form is created

G. They are passed on from generation to generation

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學(xué)年河北省高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達

近日，武漢外國語學(xué)校高二（1）班李華同學(xué)收到一封美國筆友Peter的郵件。在郵件中，Peter講述自己特別喜愛的寵物狗突然死去，非常傷心，打算克隆這條狗，但猶豫不決，特來郵件征詢李華的意見。

假如你是李華，請對郵件作回復(fù)，對于“克隆寵物狗”提出自己的反對建議及其原因：1、克隆狗只是外貌相似，個體差異大；2、目前，動物克隆風險較大；3、克隆動物抗病能力差、壽命短暫；4、克隆費用昂貴，不如重新領(lǐng)養(yǎng)。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 內(nèi)容包括要點但不要逐字翻譯，可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；

4. 參考詞匯： clone (克隆) resist (抵抗) adopt(領(lǐng)養(yǎng))

Dear Peter,

I’m very glad to receive your letter of May 2nd,_______________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

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