As Artificial Intelligence (A) becomes increasingly sophisticated,there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.This danger can be avoided,according to computer science professor Stuart Russell,if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.

Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks,it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.

For example,if a robot does chores around the house,you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell.

Some robots are already programmed with basic human values.For example,mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans.Obviously there are cultural differences,but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space,you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.

It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines,if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.

Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior.They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.

The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.

One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.

If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave,it has the opportunity to stop,send out beeps,and ask for directions from a human.If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.

The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.But if we come up with an answer,robots could be good for humanity.

1.What does the author say about the threat of robots?

A. It may be a challenge to computer programmers.

B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.

C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.

D. It has become an inevitable danger as technology gets more sophisticated.

2.How do robots learn human values?

A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.

B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.

C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.

D. By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.

3.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?

A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.

B. Do sufficient testing before taking action.

C. Set off its built-in alarm system at once.

D. Stop to seek advice from a human being.

4.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?

A. Determine what is moral and ethical.

B. Design some large-scale experiments.

C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.

D. Develop a more sophisticated program.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016-2017學(xué)年四川省成都市高一3月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us develop more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016-2017學(xué)年河南省高二下學(xué)期第二次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯(cuò)

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刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn’t understand ‘real music’. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoy. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.

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●對(duì)此活動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí) ●個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì) ●你的計(jì)劃

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫；

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Dear Sir or Madam,

I'm Li Hua from Hongxing High School._______________________________________________________

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Li Hua

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增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。

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Is there link between humans and climate change or not?This question was first studied in the early 1900s.Since then,many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference.In 1997,the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth's changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions from 2008 to 2012.Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020.More recently,the Paris Agreement,struck by nearly 200 countries,also aims to limit global warming.But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.

This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions;this rise could still put coastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.

To meet this minimum goal,the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years.Even this increase could sink some islands,worsen drought and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.

This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement,after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati,which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking.

This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began,putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃ point.

The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.

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A. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries

B. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming

C. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020

D. the Paris Agreement is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol

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B. Little over 50 % of all species would still exist.

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D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.

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A. 0.8℃ B. 1.5℃ C. 2℃ D. 3.5℃

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016-2017學(xué)年河北正定中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期第二次月考（期中）英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Unlike most other holidays,the history of April Fools’ Day.Sometimes called All Fools’ Day,is not totally clear.The only point in time that can be agreed on as the beginning of this tradition was 1582,in France.Before that year,the New Year was celebrated for eight days,beginning on March 25.The celebration reached the highest point on April 1.With the reform of the calendar under Charles 1X,the the Gregorian calendar(公歷，陽(yáng)歷）was introduced,and New Year’s Day was moved to January 1.

However,because in those days communications were not as developed as they are today,many people did not receive the news for several years.Some people refused to accept the new calendar and continued to celebrate the New Year on April 1.These backward people were considered”fools” by other people.They were often sent on “fools” errands（徒勞無(wú)益的工作）or were made the targets of jokes.

This developed,over time,into a tradition of playing a trick on someone on the first day of April.The tradition eventually spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century.It was later introduced to the American colonies of both the Britain and France.April Fools’ Day thus developed into an international fun feast,so to speak,with different nationalities specializing in their own kind of humor at the expense of their friends and families.

1.According to an earlier calendar,New Year’s Day in France was .

A. March25 B. January 1 C. April 1 D. April3

2.Which of the following first had the tradition of celebrating the April Fools’ Day?

A. France. B. England. C. Scotland. D. America.

3.What was people’s attitude towards the new calendar?

A. They accepted it happily. B. They refused it immediately. C. Some recognized it. D. Some laughed at it.

4.The passage mainly tells us .

A. what the French did on April Fools’ Day B. How April Fools’ Day come into being

C. when was the new calendar introduced D. why some people were fooled in France

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：山東省2016-2017學(xué)年高二3月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：單詞拼寫

1.The living people in these apartments have free a_________________ to that swimming pool.(進(jìn)入，通路).

2.C_________________ to you on achieving such a complete victory.(祝賀)

3.It will be a long time before you a_______________ to the new environment.(適應(yīng))

4.It is b_______________ to get up early to exercise.(有益處的)

5.The government passed a law that d_________________ (宣布，宣稱)it illegal to each and sell this kind of animals.

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