I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction(區(qū)別)and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍縱即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
小題1:When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” in the writing process, he means                .
A.one cannot use them at the same timeB.they cannot be regarded as equally important
C.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.no one can be both creative and critical
小題2:What prevents people from writing on is                .
A.putting their ideas in raw formB.ignoring grammatical soundness
C.a(chǎn)ttempting to edit as they write D.trying to capture fleeting thoughts
小題3:What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?
A.To organize one’s thoughts logically.B.To get one’s ideas down.
C.To choose an appropriate topic.D.To collect raw materials.
小題4:One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that                .
A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it does not help them to think clearly
C.it may bring about too much criticismD.it takes too much time to edit afterwards
小題5:In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A.It allows him to sit on the side and observe.B.It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C.It saves the writing time available to him.D.It improves his writing into better shape.

小題1:A
小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:D
這是一篇語(yǔ)言較為平易的說(shuō)明文,作者以簡(jiǎn)練、親切、對(duì)話式的語(yǔ)言向讀者闡述了自己的寫作方法。
小題1:A文章的第二段論述了創(chuàng)造性思維與批判性思維的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。從最后一句結(jié)語(yǔ)You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is可清晰地看出,在應(yīng)用這二種思維時(shí),必須首先使用創(chuàng)造性思維,而后再使用批判性思維。意思就是二者不可同時(shí)使用。
小題1:C一個(gè)人不可能既會(huì)用創(chuàng)造性思維又會(huì)用批判性思維。no one can be both creative and critical的意思是一個(gè)人身上不同時(shí)具備這二種思維能力,而不是不能同時(shí)使用這二者。作者在文中討論先運(yùn)用創(chuàng)造思維、后運(yùn)用批判思維的問(wèn)題,那么一個(gè)人肯定是具有這兩種思維能力的。A的解釋不對(duì)。
小題1:B二者的重要性不可等量齊觀。從上下文來(lái)看,作者從未對(duì)二者孰重孰輕做出評(píng)判,而只是討論了先后問(wèn)題。
小題1:D二者始終處于與對(duì)方斗爭(zhēng)沖突的狀態(tài)。從文中論述可知,只有當(dāng)人們想同時(shí)使用二者時(shí),這二者才會(huì)發(fā)生沖突,如果一前一后使用則不會(huì)。所以并不能說(shuō)始終處于沖突狀態(tài)。因此這個(gè)選項(xiàng)的論斷不正確。
小題1:D一個(gè)人不能同時(shí)運(yùn)用這二種思維,這一點(diǎn)與文中的You must learn to create first and then criticize相符。
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:完形填空

完形填空:(30分)
One morning all the employees reached the office as usual. And on the wall they saw a big 36  on which it was written:Yesterday, the person who has been  37  your growth in this company passed  38 . We invite you to join the funeral prepared in the  39 .
In the beginning,they all got  40  for the death of one of their colleagues.  41  after a while they started getting  42  to know who was the man that limited the growth of his colleagues and the company itself.
The  43  in the gym was such that security agents(保安)were  44  to control the crowd within the room. The more people reached the coffin, the more the excitement  45  up. Everyone whispered to each other:“  46  on earth is this guy?”
One by one the excited employees got closer to the coffin, and when they  47  inside it, they 48  became speechless. They stood nearby the coffin, shocked and in  49 , as if someone had 50  the deepest part of their soul.
There was a  51  inside the coffin;everyone who looked inside it could see himself, There was also a sign next to the mirror that  52 : there is only one person who is  53  to set limits to your growth:IT IS  54  !!!!!! Your life doesn’t change when everyone around you changes. Your life changes when YOU change,when you go beyond your limiting beliefs inside. Don’t be afraid of  55  ;build yourself and your reality. It’s the way you face life itself that makes the difference!
小題1:
A.cardB.postC.signD.1etter
小題2:
A.encouraging B.helpingC.buildingD.limiting
小題3:
A.onB.byC.a(chǎn)wayD.down
小題4:
A.officeB.gym C.wayD.meeting room
小題5:
A.sad B.excited C.a(chǎn)fraid D.calm
小題6:
A.And B.ButC.OrD.So
小題7:
A.readyB.pleasedC.curiousD.serious
小題8:
A.surpriseB.a(chǎn)ngerC.excitementD.sadness
小題9:
A.a(chǎn)dmittedB.forced C.forbidden D.ordered
小題10:
A.heatedB.wokeC.turnedD.kept
小題11:
A.WhereB.WhatC.HowD.Who
小題12:
A.walkedB.lookedC.gotD.turned
小題13:
A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.merelyD.extremely
小題14:
A.sorrowB.orderC.silenceD.person
小題15:
A.stolenB.touchedC.a(chǎn)ttackedD.seen
小題16:
A.1etterB.book C.mirrorD.a(chǎn)ppeared
小題17:
A.wroteB.read C.showed D.reflected
小題18:
A.sureB.eagerC.a(chǎn)fraidD.a(chǎn)ble
小題19:
A.YOUB.MEC.HE D.ITSELF
小題20:
A.punishmentB.praises C.changesD.blame

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Ideas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move houses quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it’s normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.
On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long–term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.
To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it’s no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don’t want to answer.
Cross-cultural differences aren’t just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.
Some societies have “universalist” cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. “Particularist” societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the society’s unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.
This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has too much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the check–in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The check–in official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldn’t be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers don’t have his problem.
小題1:Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians ______.
A.like traveling better 
B.easy to communicate with 
C.difficult to make real friends
D.have a long–term relationship with their neighbors
小題2: People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those ______.
A.who will tell them everything of their own
B.who want to do business with them
C.they know quite well
D.who are good at talking
小題3:Which of the following is true about “particularist societies”?
A.There is no rule for people to obey.
B.People obey the society’s rules completely.
C.No one obeys the society’s rules though they have.
D.The society’s rules can be changed with different persons or situations.
小題4: The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different ______.
A.interestsB.habits and customsC.culturesD.ways of life

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door.
This was an age before telephones. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment (片段).
This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought,which brings us to the cellphone.
The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s disruption (中斷) of our thoughts.
We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach.
The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept – we have “Do Not Disturb” signs on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the phone for a while?
The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass deployment (使用) of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe. We came to take it for granted.
But cellphones make long-distance communication common, and endanger our time by ourselves. Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished. Even cellphone devotees, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phone away, or curse the day they were invented.
But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt (輕視) for the rings of our own phones. Given the ease of making and receiving cellphone calls, if we don’t talk to the caller right now, we surely will shortly later.
A cellphone call deserves no greater priority (優(yōu)先考慮的事) than a random (隨機(jī)的) word from the person next to us. Though the call on my cellphone may be the one–in–a–million from Steven Spielberg–who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch.
小題1:What is the point of the anecdote(軼事,趣聞) about the poet Coleridge in the first three paragraphs?
A.To direct readers’ attention to the main topic.
B.To show how important inspiration is to a poet.
C.To emphasize the disadvantage of not having a cellphone.
D.To encourage readers to read the works of this poet.
小題2:What does the writer think about people telling “white lies” about their cellphones?
A.It is a way of signaling that you don’t like the caller.
B.It is natural to tell lies about small things.
C.It is basically a good way to protect one’s privacy.
D.We should feel guilty when we can’t tell the truth.
小題3:According to the author, what is the most annoying problem caused by cellphones?
A.People get annoyed by the cellphone rings that they fail to notice anything else.
B.People feel guilty when they are not able to answer their cellphones.
C.Cellphones interrupt people’s private time.
D.With cellphones it is no longer possible to be unreachable.
小題4:What does the last paragraph suggest?
A.A person who calls us from afar deserves more of our attention.
B.Steven Spielberg once called the author to talk about the author’s novel.
C.You should always finish your lunch before you answer a call on the cellphone.
D.Never let cellphones interfere too much with your life.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

I have been a student at Bentley College in Waltham for some time now, so I have a lot of experience and know how things work at Bentley. As a freshman(新生)at Bentley College you will be living in the Tree Dorms, Slade Hall or Miller Hall. I would highly suggest that you choose to live in the Tree Dorms because this is where most fresh-men are going to be living. There will be a lot of activities going on in the building and you will meet lots of people. Slade Hall is next to the parking lot(停車場(chǎng))and not far from the Tree Dorms, so that would be your second choice. As Miller Hall is small and far away, it would be my last choice for freshmen housing. If Bentley offers you the chance to live with second or third year students you’d better refuse their offer and live with freshmen. Living with your classmates will make the transition (過(guò)渡) into college life a lot easier.
As a freshman your classes should be easy. After freshman year your classes will become a lot more difficult, so I advise that you get down to business early in the first year. There are two very easy things you can do to increase your knowledge as a freshman. The first is to just go to class and the second is to always do your homework. I also highly advise that you do it on your own and try to stay disciplined(遵守紀(jì)律的). It is too easy to put your homework away and then get really behind and not be able to learn everything before a mid-term or final exam.
小題1:The author advises freshmen to live in the Tree Dorms because ___________.
A.it is across the parking lot from Slade Hall
B.it is small and quite far away from the playground
C.there are many second and third year students there
D.there are many freshmen and more activities
小題2:Where is Slade Hall?
A.Near Miller Hall.
B.Far from Tree Dorms.
C.Beside the car park.
D.Near the classrooms.
小題3:According to the author, how can freshmen improve knowledge?
A.Remember to do homework by discussing it with others.
B.Finish homework and go to class every day.
C.Try to spend more time in the library.
D.Be able to learn something before a mid-term or final exam.
小題4:The author writes the passage to ___________.
A.tell new students how to get used to college life
B.tell new students about their teachers and dormitory
C.show the differences between college and high school
D.tell readers about some funny things at Bentley College

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

“NOW I just don’t believe that.” Surely all of us, at some point, have watched a movie and thought: It’s simply badly researched, or, the makers must think we’re idiots (白癡). Recently, the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph ran a humorous piece on unconvincing tech moments from some top movies. Let’s see what all the fuss is about.
Telegraph writer Tom Chiver’s first example is from the end-of-the-world movie Independence Day, in which a character comes up with a virus capable of destroying Windows, the computer system the alien spacecraft uses. Its a good thing they didnt have Norton Antivirus (諾頓防火墻)”, jokes Chivers.
It’s just one case of a movie that takes a lot of license with its science. Another one Chivers mentions is from Star Wars, where glowing beams of light traveling through space look very impressive. The problem is that in space there are no air particles for the light to reflect off. In reality, they’d be invisible, which wouldn’t look so cool on the big screen.
Chiver’s second piece of Star Wars nonsense is the sound the fighters make in the movies: “the bellow (咆哮) of an elephant mixed with a car driving on a wet road”. But sound needs a medium to travel through, like air. In space, there wouldn’t actually be any sound at all.
Few people would deny that the mind-bending Matrix films make for great viewing, but for Chivers, the science in the movies is a little silly. He comments “…the film is based on the idea that humans are kept alive as electricity generator. This is not just unlikely – it’s fundamentally impossible. They would need more energy to stay alive than they would produce. It’s like saying you’ll power your car with batteries, and keep the batteries charged by running a dynamo (發(fā)電機(jī)) from the wheels.”
And finally, as Chivers points out, DNA is not replaceable. But this bit of elementary genetics passed the makers of the 2002 Bond film Die Another Day by. In the film the bad guy has “gene therapy” to change his appearance and his DNA, which is completely impossible.
小題1:What does the underlined sentence mean?  
A.The virus created by the character is capable of destroying spacecrafts.
B.Aliens’ using Windows system is totally unconvincing plot.
C.The spacecraft should have Norton Antivirus.
D.Norton Antivirus can stop a virus.
小題2: We can learn from the example of the Star Wars that       .
A.in space, you can not hear anything
B.light beams travel via air particle in space
C.Chiver thinks the sound of the fighters is vivid
D.the invisible light beams are impressive in the movies
小題3:Chiver uses the example of car batteries in Matrix to imply that       .
A.the basic idea of the film is rather ridiculous
B.the science in the movies is very convincing
C.the idea that humans can be kept alive as electricity generator is right
D.humans would stay alive as long as they would produce enough energy
小題4:We can learn from the movie Die Another Day that       .
A.the idea of gene therapy is creative
B.the element of DNA should not be used
C.the makers of the 2002 Bond use the genetic technology
D.DNA can be replaced but in the real world it is impossible
小題5:Why did Chiver write this passage?
A.To prove all these films are making mistakes.
B.To show his great concern for the movie industry.
C.To joke about some movies in the movie industry.
D.To call for the audience to find out mistakes from the movies.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Too many people want others to be friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friend starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. So a friend must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity, and understanding.
小題1:What’s the best title of the passage?
A.Three Important Points in Life
B.How to Be a Good Friend
C.Honesty Is the Most Important Quality
D.A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
小題2:Some friendships don’t last long because________.
A.some people don’t treat friendship seriously
B.there are too many people who want to make friends
C.they don’t share their lunch money
D.some people only receive friendship but don’t give friendship back
小題3:In the 2nd paragraph the underlined phrase “count on” probably means _______.
A.calculateB.trustC.matterD.include

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Knowing about yourself not only means finding out what you’re good at and what you like,but also means discovering what you’re not good at and what you don’t like.Both help you to see your aim in life.
Although most students would be unhappy if they failed a very difficult physics examination,they have in fact learned a lot about themselves.They know that they should not become engineers or physical scientists.So failing can help a student to live a happier life if he  learns something from it.They may then decide on their aims and choose the work they like and are fit for.
It is impossible to decide whether you like something until you have tried it.If you decide to play the piano,you need to take more than one lesson before knowing whether you are really interested in it or able to do well.It is not enough if you want to be a great pianist.You also have to like the hard practice and long training.If you enjoy being a great pianist but hate the work,forget it.
It’s a good plan to try as many ideas as possible when you are young.Then you will find out what your true interests are.
小題1:If you say you really know yourself,        
A.you know what you don’t like
B.you know what you are good at
C.you have no interest in your work
D.you’ve got the whole picture of yourself
小題2:Failing can turn into something good      
A.if you have aim in lifeB.if your decision is fight
C.if you lead a happier life D.if you learn something from it
小題3:What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A.Failure is a better mirror
B.Success is more helpful
C.No one is fit for the job of a physical scientist
D.Physics can help students live a better life

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer(征服) himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (沖動(dòng)) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.
A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.
小題1:What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?
A.The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.
B.One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.
C.To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.
D.If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.
小題2:If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A.the very backbone and nerve of character
B.the patience and power to control himself
C.strong feelings
D.self-confidence
小題3:The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.
A.explain that self-control is the key to success
B.teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success
C.distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it
D.a(chǎn)dvise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends
小題4:The passage is mainly developed by _____.
A.a(chǎn)nalyzing(分析)causesB.making comparisons(比較)
C.examining differencesD.listing quotations(引證)

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