Question

【題目】 Fishing is a popular activity and every fisherman knows the rule: Keep the big ones, throw the smaller ones back. The idea behind it is simple — larger fish are probably older. If you keep the smaller young fish, they won’t be able to reproduce, so there will be fewer fish.

But fishing out the largest fish from a population may also have an unwanted effect: Over time, fewer adult fish get really big. If only the smaller fish reproduce, then future generations become smaller.

One scientist, Dr David Conover has spent the last decade studying the effects of the “keep the big ones” rule.

In his experiment, Conover used six groups of fish. For two groups, Conover followed the “keep the big ones” rule and took out the biggest fish. For two other groups, he removed only the small fish. For the last two groups, he removed fish at random (隨意地).

After five years, he measured the fish in each group. In the two groups where the largest fish were regularly removed, the average fish size was smaller than the average size in the other groups. It showed that if only small fish survive to reproduce, then future generations of fish will also tend to be small.

For the second five years of his experiment, Conover changed the rules and took fish randomly from each group. At the end of the experiment, he found that the fish that were in the “keep the big ones” groups for the first five years had started to get larger again, although he calculated it would take at least 12 years for the fish in those two groups to return to their original size.

In other words, it takes much more time to recover.

【1】The underlined word “it” (Paragraph 1) refers to “________”.

A.the activityB.the fish

C.the ruleD.the fisherman

【2】What’s the purpose of the “keep the big ones” rule?

A.It helps to protect fish numbers.

B.It helps to protect fish size.

C.It teaches people how to fish.

D.It helps people catch bigger fish.

【3】After the first five years of his experiment, Conover found the “keep the big ones” rule ______.

A.made no difference to fish size

B.made the fish smaller on average

C.made the fish bigger on average

D.made the fish reproduce more quickly

【4】What is the author’s intention in writing this article?

A.To encourage people to stop fishing.

B.To urge governments to forbid fishing.

C.To describe a scientific experiment about fishing.

D.To introduce the rules of fishing to readers.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章通過一個實驗說明，在捕魚時，“只留大魚”的原則的影響。結果證明，如果在捕魚時“留大魚；放小魚”會使得魚的后代變得越來越小。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據文章第一段中Fishing is a popular activity and every fisherman knows the rule: Keep the big ones, throw the smaller ones back. The idea behind it is simple. 釣魚是一項很受歡迎的活動，每個漁民都知道這個規(guī)則:留下大的，把小的扔回去。其背后的想法很簡單。由此可知，it指上文中“留大魚；扔小魚”的捕魚規(guī)則。故選C。

【2】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中If you keep the smaller young fish, they won’t be able to reproduce, so there will be fewer fish. 如果你留下較小的幼魚，它們就不能繁殖，因此魚就會減少。由此可以推測出，“留大魚”規(guī)則的目的是為了保持魚的數量。故選A。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章倒數第二段中After five years, he measured the fish in each group. In the two groups where the largest fish were regularly removed, the average fish size was smaller than the average size in the other groups. 五年之后，他對每組的魚進行了測量。在兩組定期去除最大的魚，魚的平均大小比其他組的平均大小要小。由此可知，經過前五年的實驗，Conover發(fā)現“保留大魚”規(guī)則會使魚變小。故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段中One scientist, Dr David Conover has spent the last decade studying the effects of the “keep the big ones” rule. 大衛(wèi)·科諾弗博士是一位科學家，他在過去十年中一直在研究“保留大魚”規(guī)則的影響。以及分析全文可知，本文的目的主要介紹了關于魚的一個實驗。故選C。