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下列各組物理量中,由電場(chǎng)本身性質(zhì)決定的是(                     )                                   

    A.電場(chǎng)力、電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度       B. 電場(chǎng)力做的功、電勢(shì)能

    C.電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度、電勢(shì)差       D.   電勢(shì)差、電勢(shì)能

                                                                                                                                     

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關(guān)于摩擦起電、接觸起電、感應(yīng)起電,下列說法錯(cuò)誤的是(           )                               

    A.  這是起電的三種不同方式

    B.  這三種方式都產(chǎn)生了電荷

    C.  這三種起電方式的實(shí)質(zhì)是一樣的,都是電子在轉(zhuǎn)移

    D.  這三種方式都符合電荷守恒定律

                                                                                                                                     

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在如圖所示的電路中,已知電源電動(dòng)勢(shì)E=3V,內(nèi)電阻r=1Ω,電阻R1=2Ω,滑動(dòng)變阻器R的阻值可連續(xù)增大,問:                                                                                                                               

(1)當(dāng)R多大時(shí),R消耗的功率最大?最大功率為多少?當(dāng)R消耗功率最大時(shí)電源的效率是多少?        

(2)當(dāng)R多大時(shí),R1消耗的功率最大?最大功率為多少?                                       

(3)當(dāng)R為多大時(shí),電源的輸出功率最大?最大為多少?                                        

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                 

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如圖所示中E=10V,R1=4Ω,R2=6Ω,C=30μF電池內(nèi)阻不計(jì),求:                          

(1)閉合開關(guān)S,求穩(wěn)定后通過R1的電流;                                                             

(2)然后將開關(guān)S斷開,求這以后流過R1的總電量.                                              

                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                 

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有一直流電動(dòng)機(jī),把它接入0.2V電壓的電路中,電動(dòng)機(jī)不轉(zhuǎn),測(cè)得電流為0.4A;若把電機(jī)接入2.0V電壓的電路中,電動(dòng)機(jī)正常工作,工作電流是1.0A.                                                                                   

求:(1)電動(dòng)機(jī)正常工作時(shí)的熱功率為多大?輸出功率為多大?                               

(2)如果在電動(dòng)機(jī)正常工作時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)子突然被卡住,電動(dòng)機(jī)的發(fā)熱功率是多大?         

                                                                                                                                 

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如圖所示,邊長(zhǎng)為l的正方形區(qū)域abcd內(nèi)存在著勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng).質(zhì)量為m,電荷量為q的帶電粒子以速度v0從a點(diǎn)進(jìn)入電場(chǎng),恰好從c點(diǎn)離開電場(chǎng),離開時(shí)速度為v,不計(jì)重力,求電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度.                             

                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                 

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如圖所示,相距為2d的A和B兩點(diǎn)上固定著等量異種的兩個(gè)點(diǎn)電荷,電荷量分別為+Q和﹣Q.在AB連線的中垂線上取一點(diǎn)P,垂足為O,∠PAO=α.                                                                                    

求:(1)P點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)的大小和方向;                                                                          

(2)α為何值時(shí),P點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)最大,其最大值是多少?                                             

                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                 

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有一待測(cè)的電阻器Rx,其阻值約在40~50Ω之間,實(shí)驗(yàn)室準(zhǔn)備用來測(cè)量                   

該電阻值的實(shí)驗(yàn)器材有(圖1):                                                                                

電壓表V(量程0~10V,內(nèi)電阻約20kΩ)                                                                

電流表A1(量程0~500mA,內(nèi)電阻約20Ω)                                                            

電流表A2(量程0~300mA,內(nèi)電阻約4Ω)                                                             

滑動(dòng)變阻器R1(最大阻值為10Ω,額定電流為2A)                                                  

滑動(dòng)變阻器R2(最大阻值為250Ω,額定電流為0.1A)                                              

直流電源E(電動(dòng)勢(shì)為9V,內(nèi)電阻約為0.5Ω)                                                          

電鍵及若干導(dǎo)線                                                                                                         

實(shí)驗(yàn)要求電表讀數(shù)從零開始變化,并能多測(cè)出幾組電流、電壓值,以便畫出I﹣U圖線.            

a.電流表應(yīng)選用                                                                                                        .(選填器材代號(hào))

b.滑動(dòng)變阻器選用                                                                                                     .(選填器材代號(hào))

c.請(qǐng)?jiān)诜娇騼?nèi)畫出實(shí)驗(yàn)電路圖(圖2),并將右圖中器材連成符合要求的電路.        

        

                                                                                                                                 

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如圖1所示的電路來測(cè)量電池電動(dòng)勢(shì)和內(nèi)電阻,根據(jù)測(cè)得的數(shù)據(jù)作出了如圖2所示的U﹣I圖線,由圖可知(    )     

                                                        

    A.  電池電動(dòng)勢(shì)的測(cè)量值為1.40 V

    B.  電池內(nèi)阻的測(cè)量值為3.50Ω

    C.  外電路發(fā)生短路時(shí)的電流為0.40 A

    D.  電壓表的示數(shù)為1.20 V時(shí),電流表的示數(shù)I′=0.20 A

                                                                                                                                 

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如圖所示的分壓器電路,A、B為分壓器的輸出端,若把滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑動(dòng)片P置于變阻器中央,下列判斷正確的是(    )                                                                                                                         

                                                                                            

    A.  空載時(shí)輸出電壓UAB=

    B.  當(dāng)接上負(fù)載R時(shí),輸出電壓UAB

    C.  負(fù)載R越大,UAB越接近

    D.  負(fù)載R越小,UAB越接近

                                                                                                                                 

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