Question

17．下列說法正確的是（　　）

• A． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{3}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{2}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H是聚變反應
• B． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{238}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{234}\\{90}\end{array}\right.$Th+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He是人工核轉變
• C． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{11}\end{array}\right.$Na→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{12}\end{array}\right.$Mg+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{0}\\{-1}\end{array}\right.$e是衰變反應
• D． 元素的半衰期會受到其所處環(huán)境的影響
• E． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{235}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{92}\\{36}\end{array}\right.$Kr+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{141}\\{56}\end{array}\right.$Ba+3$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n是裂變反應

Answer 1

分析 α衰變生成氦原子核，自發(fā)進行；β衰變生成電子，自發(fā)進行；聚變是質量輕的核結合成質量大的核．裂變是質量較大的核分裂成較輕的幾個核

解答 解：A、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{3}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{2}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H是聚變反應．故A正確．
B、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{238}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{234}\\{90}\end{array}\right.$Th+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He是α衰變．故B錯誤．
C、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{11}\end{array}\right.$Na→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{12}\end{array}\right.$Mg+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{0}\\{-1}\end{array}\right.$e是β衰變．故C正確．
D、元素的半衰期不會受到其所處環(huán)境的影響．故D錯誤．
E、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{235}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{92}\\{36}\end{array}\right.$Kr+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{141}\\{56}\end{array}\right.$Ba+3$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n是裂變反應，故E正確；
故選：ACE．

點評 本題難度不大，考查了核反應方程的種類，在學習中需要記住一些特殊的方程式．