【答案】
分析:由
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和
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的坐標(biāo),表示出
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+
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,由已知
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列出關(guān)系式,根據(jù)對應(yīng)的坐標(biāo)相等得出兩個(gè)關(guān)系式,把兩關(guān)系式兩邊平方并左右兩邊相加后,利用同角三角函數(shù)間的基本關(guān)系及兩角和與差的正弦函數(shù)公式化簡,求出sin(α+β)的值,然后由兩向量的坐標(biāo),利用平面向量的數(shù)量積運(yùn)算法則化簡
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•
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后,將求出的sin(α+β)的值代入即可求出
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•
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的值;由sinα-cosβ的值大于0,移項(xiàng)并利用誘導(dǎo)公式變形后,由α、β均為銳角,根據(jù)正弦函數(shù)的單調(diào)性得出α+β的范圍,由sin(α+β)的值,利用同角三角函數(shù)的基本關(guān)系即可求出cos(α+β)的值.
解答:解:∵
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=(sinα,-cosα),
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=(-cosβ,sinβ),
∴
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=(sinα-cosβ,-cosα+sinβ),又
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=(
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,
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),
∴sinα-cosβ=
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,cosα-sinβ=-
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,
∴(sinα-cosβ)
2+(cosα-sinβ)
2=
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,
整理得:sin
2α+cos
2β-2sinαcosβ+cos
2α+sin
2β-2cosαsinβ=2-2(sinαcosβ+cosαsinβ)=
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,
即sin(α+β)=
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,
∴
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•
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=-sinαcosβ-cosαsinβ=-(sinαcosβ+cosαsinβ)=-sin(α+β)=-
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;
又sinα-cosβ>0,即sinα>sin(
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-β),且α、β均為銳角,
∴
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<α+β<π,
∴cos(α+β)=-
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=-
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.
點(diǎn)評:此題考查了平面向量的數(shù)量積運(yùn)算法則,同角三角函數(shù)間的基本關(guān)系,以及兩角和與差的正弦函數(shù)公式,熟練掌握法則及公式是解本題的關(guān)鍵,同時(shí)注意角度的范圍.