【答案】
分析:(1)將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,得到△ABF′,然后求出∠EAF′=∠EAF=45°,利用“邊角邊”證明△AEF和△AEF′全等,根據(jù)全等三角形對(duì)應(yīng)邊相等可得EF=EF′,從而得解;
(2)將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,得到△ABF′,根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)變換的性質(zhì)可得△ADF和△ABF′全等,根據(jù)全等三角形對(duì)應(yīng)角相等可得∠BAF′=∠DAF,對(duì)應(yīng)邊相等可得AF′=AF,BF′=DF,對(duì)應(yīng)角相等可得∠ABF′=∠D,再根據(jù)∠EAF=
∠BAD證明∠EAF′=∠EAF,并證明E、B、F′三點(diǎn)共線,然后利用“邊角邊”證明△AEF和△AEF′全等,根據(jù)全等三角形對(duì)應(yīng)邊相等可得EF′=EF,從而得解;
(3)將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,點(diǎn)F落在BC上點(diǎn)F′處,得到△ABF′,根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)變換的性質(zhì)可得△ADF和△ABF′全等,根據(jù)全等三角形對(duì)應(yīng)角相等可得∠BAF′=∠DAF,對(duì)應(yīng)邊相等可得AF′=AF,BF′=DF,再根據(jù)∠EAF=
∠BAD證明∠F′AE=∠FAE,然后利用“邊角邊”證明△F′AE和△FAE全等,根據(jù)全等三角形對(duì)應(yīng)邊相等可得EF=EF′,從而求出EF=BE-DF.
解答:解:(1)如圖1,將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,得到△ABF′,
∵∠EAF=45°,
∴∠EAF′=∠EAF=45°,
在△AEF和△AEF′中,
,
∴△AEF≌△AEF′(SAS),
∴EF=EF′,
又EF′=BE+BF′=BE+DF,
∴EF=BE+DF;
(2)結(jié)論EF=BE+DF仍然成立.
理由如下:如圖2,將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,得到△ABF′,
則△ADF≌△ABF′,
∴∠BAF′=∠DAF,AF′=AF,BF′=DF,∠ABF′=∠D,
又∵∠EAF=
∠BAD,
∴∠EAF=∠DAF+∠BAE=∠BAE+∠BAF′,
∴∠EAF=∠EAF′,
又∵∠ABC+∠D=180°,
∴∠ABF′+∠ABE=180°,
∴F′、B、E三點(diǎn)共線,
在△AEF與△AEF′中,
,
∴△AEF≌△AEF′(SAS),
∴EF=EF′,
又∵EF′=BE+BF′,
∴EF=BE+DF;
(3)發(fā)生變化.EF、BE、DF之間的關(guān)系是EF=BE-DF.
理由如下:如圖3,將△ADF繞點(diǎn)A順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),使AD與AB重合,點(diǎn)F落在BC上點(diǎn)F′處,得到△ABF′,
∴△ADF≌△ABF′,
∴∠BAF′=∠DAF,AF′=AF,BF′=DF,
又∵∠EAF=
∠BAD,且∠BAF′=∠DAF,
∴∠F′AE=∠BAD-(∠BAF′+∠EAD)=∠BAD-(∠DAF+∠EAD)=∠BAD-∠FAE=∠FAE,
即∠F′AE=∠FAE,
在△F′AE與△FAE中,
,
∴△F′AE≌△FAE(SAS),
∴EF=EF′,
又∵BE=BF′+EF′,
∴EF′=BE-BF′,
即EF=BE-DF.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),旋轉(zhuǎn)變換的性質(zhì),利用旋轉(zhuǎn)變換構(gòu)造出全等三角形是解題的關(guān)鍵,也是本題的難點(diǎn).