分析:(1)利用比的性質(zhì),先把比化成整數(shù)比,進(jìn)而化成最簡(jiǎn)比;
(2)利用等式的性質(zhì),方程的兩邊同時(shí)加上、減去相同的數(shù),或同時(shí)乘上、除以相同的數(shù)(0除外),來(lái)解方程;
(3)①運(yùn)用從一個(gè)數(shù)里連續(xù)減去兩個(gè)數(shù),就從這個(gè)數(shù)里減去這兩個(gè)數(shù)的和進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)算;②、③、④運(yùn)用乘法分配律進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)算即可.
解答:解:(1)①
:0.75,
=(
×28):(
×28),
=8:21;
②
分米:
厘米,
=
厘米:
厘米,
=70:5,
=14:1;
(2)①x:
=51:17,
17x=
×51,
17x=30.6,
17x÷17=30.6÷17,
x=1.8;
②
×7+4x=850%,
+4x=8.5,
-
+4x=8.5-
,
4x=1,
4x÷4=1÷4,
x=
;
(3)①4.05-2.86-0.14,
=4.05-(2.86+0.14),
=4.05-3,
=1.05;
②7
×0.6+0.4×7
,
=
7×(0.6+0.4),
=
7×1,
=
7;
③2.25×3.14×4+3.14,
=3.14×(2.25×4+1),
=3.14×10,
=31.4;
④(
-
)×17×5,
=
×17×5-
×17×5,
=
-
,
=
,
=4.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題屬于考查化簡(jiǎn)比、解方程和簡(jiǎn)算,做題時(shí)要注意根據(jù)題目的要求和數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn),靈活的選擇合適的方法解答即可.