(2)≤6 查看更多

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

α=
π
6
”是“cos2α=
1
2
”的( 。
A、充分而不必要條件
B、必要而不充分條件
C、充分必要條件
D、既不充分也不必要條件

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17、6個人坐在一排10個座位上,問
(1)空位不相鄰的坐法有多少種?
(2)4個空位只有3個相鄰的坐法有多少種?
(3)4個空位至多有2個相鄰的坐法有多少種?

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6名志愿者隨機進入2個不同的全運場館參加接待工作,則每個場館至少有兩名志愿者的概率為( 。
A、
1
3
B、
1
12
C、
3
4
D、
25
32

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4、6人排成一排,則甲不站在排頭的排法有
600
種.(用數(shù)字作答).

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7、6、如果三棱錐S-ABC的底面是不等邊三角形,側(cè)面與底面所成的二面角都相等,且頂點S在底面的射影O在△ABC內(nèi),那么O是△ABC的( 。

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難點磁場

證法一:(分析綜合法)

欲證原式,即證4(ab)2+4(a2+b2)-25ab+4≥0,即證4(ab)2-33(ab)+8≥0,即證ab6ec8aac122bd4f6eab≥8.

a>0,b>0,a+b=1,∴ab≥8不可能成立

∵1=a+b≥26ec8aac122bd4f6e,∴ab6ec8aac122bd4f6e,從而得證.

證法二:(均值代換法)

設(shè)a=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+t1,b=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+t2.

a+b=1,a>0,b>0,∴t1+t2=0,|t1|<6ec8aac122bd4f6e,|t2|<6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

顯然當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)t=0,即a=b=6ec8aac122bd4f6e時,等號成立.

證法三:(比較法)

a+b=1,a>0,b>0,∴a+b≥26ec8aac122bd4f6e,∴ab6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法四:(綜合法)

a+b=1, a>0,b>0,∴a+b≥26ec8aac122bd4f6e,∴ab6ec8aac122bd4f6e.

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法五:(三角代換法)

a>0,b>0,a+b=1,故令a=sin2α,b=cos2α,α∈(0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e)

6ec8aac122bd4f6e2

殲滅難點訓(xùn)練

一、1.解析:令6ec8aac122bd4f6e=cos2θ,6ec8aac122bd4f6e=sin2θ,則x=asec2θ,y=bcsc2θ,∴x+y=asec2θ+bcsc2θ=a+b+atan2θ+bcot2θa+b+26ec8aac122bd4f6e.

答案:a+b+26ec8aac122bd4f6e

2.解析:由0≤|ad|<|bc|6ec8aac122bd4f6e(ad)2<(bc)26ec8aac122bd4f6e(a+b)2-4ad<(b+c)2-4bc?

a+d=b+c,∴-4ad<-4bc,故adbc.

答案:adbc

3.解析:把p、q看成變量,則mpn,mqn.

答案:mpqn

二、4.(1)證法一:a2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e=6ec8aac122bd4f6e(3a2+3b2+3c2-1)

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e[3a2+3b2+3c2-(a+b+c)2

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e[3a2+3b2+3c2a2b2c2-2ab-2ac-2bc

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e[(ab)2+(bc)2+(ca)2]≥0  ∴a2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法二:∵(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bca2+b2+c2+a2+b2+a2+c2+b2+c2

∴3(a2+b2+c2)≥(a+b+c)2=1  ∴a2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法三:∵6ec8aac122bd4f6ea2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e

a2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法四:設(shè)a=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+α,b=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+β,c=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+γ.

a+b+c=1,∴α+β+γ=0

a2+b2+c2=(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+α)2+(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+β)2+(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+γ)2

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+6ec8aac122bd4f6e (α+β+γ)+α2+β2+γ2

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+α2+β2+γ26ec8aac122bd4f6e

a2+b2+c26ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

∴原不等式成立.

證法二:6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e<6

∴原不等式成立.

5.證法一:由x+y+z=1,x2+y2+z2=6ec8aac122bd4f6e,得x2+y2+(1-xy)2=6ec8aac122bd4f6e,整理成關(guān)于y的一元二次方程得:

2y2-2(1-x)y+2x2-2x+6ec8aac122bd4f6e=0,∵yR,故Δ≥0

∴4(1-x)2-4×2(2x2-2x+6ec8aac122bd4f6e)≥0,得0≤x6ec8aac122bd4f6e,∴x∈[0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e

同理可得y,z∈[0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法二:設(shè)x=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+x′,y=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+y′,z=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+z′,則x′+y′+z′=0,

于是6ec8aac122bd4f6e=(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+x′)2+(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+y′)2+(6ec8aac122bd4f6e+z′)2

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+x2+y2+z2+6ec8aac122bd4f6e (x′+y′+z′)

=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+x2+y2+z26ec8aac122bd4f6e+x2+6ec8aac122bd4f6e=6ec8aac122bd4f6e+6ec8aac122bd4f6ex2

x26ec8aac122bd4f6ex′∈[-6ec8aac122bd4f6e,6ec8aac122bd4f6e],x∈[0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e],同理y,z∈[0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e

證法三:設(shè)x、y、z三數(shù)中若有負數(shù),不妨設(shè)x<0,則x2>0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e=x2+y2+z2x2+6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e,矛盾.

x、y、z三數(shù)中若有最大者大于6ec8aac122bd4f6e,不妨設(shè)x6ec8aac122bd4f6e,則6ec8aac122bd4f6e=x2+y2+z2x2+6ec8aac122bd4f6e=x2+6ec8aac122bd4f6e=6ec8aac122bd4f6ex2x+6ec8aac122bd4f6e

=6ec8aac122bd4f6ex(x6ec8aac122bd4f6e)+6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e;矛盾.

xy、z∈[0,6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

∵上式顯然成立,∴原不等式得證.

7.證明:(1)對于1<im,且A6ec8aac122bd4f6e =m?…?(mi+1),

6ec8aac122bd4f6e

由于mn,對于整數(shù)k=1,2,…,i-1,有6ec8aac122bd4f6e,

所以6ec8aac122bd4f6e

(2)由二項式定理有:

(1+m)n=1+C6ec8aac122bd4f6em+C6ec8aac122bd4f6em2+…+C6ec8aac122bd4f6emn

(1+n)m=1+C6ec8aac122bd4f6en+C6ec8aac122bd4f6en2+…+C6ec8aac122bd4f6enm,

由(1)知miA6ec8aac122bd4f6eniA6ec8aac122bd4f6e (1<im6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e,而C6ec8aac122bd4f6e=6ec8aac122bd4f6e

miCinniCim(1<mn6ec8aac122bd4f6e

m0C6ec8aac122bd4f6e=n0C6ec8aac122bd4f6e=1,mC6ec8aac122bd4f6e=nC6ec8aac122bd4f6e=m?n,m2C6ec8aac122bd4f6en2C6ec8aac122bd4f6e,…,

mmC6ec8aac122bd4f6enmC6ec8aac122bd4f6e,mm+1C6ec8aac122bd4f6e>0,…,mnC6ec8aac122bd4f6e>0,

∴1+C6ec8aac122bd4f6em+C6ec8aac122bd4f6em2+…+C6ec8aac122bd4f6emn>1+C6ec8aac122bd4f6en+C2mn2+…+C6ec8aac122bd4f6enm,

即(1+m)n>(1+n)m成立.

8.證法一:因a>0,b>0,a3+b3=2,所以

(a+b)3-23=a3+b3+3a2b+3ab2-8=3a2b+3ab2-6

=3[ab(a+b)-2]=3[ab(a+b)-(a3+b3)]=-3(a+b)(ab)2≤0.

即(a+b)3≤23,又a+b>0,所以a+b≤2,因為26ec8aac122bd4f6ea+b≤2,

所以ab≤1.

證法二:設(shè)a、b為方程x2mx+n=0的兩根,則6ec8aac122bd4f6e,

因為a>0,b>0,所以m>0,n>0,且Δ=m2-4n≥0                                         ①

因為2=a3+b3=(a+b)(a2ab+b2)=(a+b)[(a+b)2-3ab]=m(m2-3n)

所以n=6ec8aac122bd4f6e                                                                                                    ②

將②代入①得m2-4(6ec8aac122bd4f6e)≥0,

6ec8aac122bd4f6e≥0,所以-m3+8≥0,即m≤2,所以a+b≤2,

由2≥m 得4≥m2,又m2≥4n,所以4≥4n,

n≤1,所以ab≤1.

證法三:因a>0,b>0,a3+b3=2,所以

2=a3+b3=(a+b)(a2+b2ab)≥(a+b)(2abab)=ab(a+b)

于是有6≥3ab(a+b),從而8≥3ab(a+b)+2=3a2b+3ab2+a3+b3=?

(a+b)3,所以a+b≤2,(下略)

證法四:因為6ec8aac122bd4f6e

6ec8aac122bd4f6e≥0,

所以對任意非負實數(shù)a、b,有6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e

因為a>0,b>0,a3+b3=2,所以1=6ec8aac122bd4f6e6ec8aac122bd4f6e,

6ec8aac122bd4f6e≤1,即a+b≤2,(以下略)

證法五:假設(shè)a+b>2,則

a3+b3=(a+b)(a2ab+b2)=(a+b)[(a+b)2-3ab]>(a+b)ab>2ab,所以ab<1,

a3+b3=(a+b)[a2ab+b2]=(a+b)[(a+b)2-3ab]>2(22-3ab)

因為a3+b3=2,所以2>2(4-3ab),因此ab>1,前后矛盾,故a+b≤2(以下略)

 

 

 


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