Do you know that you can use your watch as compass（指南針）on a sunny day? Look at the watch which is on your hand and point the hour hand in the direction of the sun. Imagine a line which runs from the center of the watch through a point halfway between the hour hand and number one. This line will point south.

In the northern half of the earth the sun is in the south at noon. In our country the real noon is one o’clock. If at that time we point the hour hand at the sun, the hour hand and number one will point south. That’s why you must imagine a line which will run from the center of the watch through a point halfway between the hour hand and number one. It will point south.

If you are in the southern part of our planet, you must point number 12 at the sun. The line which you can imagine between number twelve and the hour hand will then show north.

76. The sun is in the south at noon 　　 .

A. in any country in the world

B. in the north of the equator

C. in the south of the globe

D. in some northern places of the earth

77. In the northern half of the earth, if we point the hour hand at the sun at one o’clock then 　　 .

A. the minute hand shows north

B. the hour hand shows north

C. number one shows north

D. number twelve shows north

78. If the people in the southern part of the earth point 12 at the sun at 5 o’clock, the minute hand shows 　　 .

A. west by north

B. north by west

C. north by east

D. east by north

79. What do you think of the story?

A. It’s interesting. But sometimes it doesn’t work.

B. It’s impossible. I don’t like it.

C. It’s useful. But it isn’t interesting.

D. It’s great. But it isn’t helpful.

    Do you wonder why you prefer chocolate to fish, science-fiction movies instead of romantic comedies or jazz rather than rock? The reason may have become obvious long before you were born, coming at the start of your family tree.

    Researchers recently looked into heritable (可繼承的) effects on consumers shopping habits and discovered people appear to inherit---through genetics, fondness for specific products such as chocolate, movies, jazz, ears and mustard.

“We found that many, though not all of them are in fact heritable or influenced by genetic factors.” said marketing professor Itamar Simonson in Stanford University and assistant marketing professor Aner Sela in the University of Florida.

They surveyed fraternal (異卵性的) and identical (同卵性的) twins on their consumer patterns. Results show far more similarities among responses from identical twins, who unlike fraternal twins share matching genes.

Emily Easley said she can totally see shopping habits being genetic, based on her and her mother’s shopping behaviors

“We commonly purchase the same thing.” said Easley. “One time I came home and was wearing a new purple T-shirt with some floral design around the neck and found that my mom had bought the exact same one, in the same color. It’s always just so interesting to visit her and see my exact clothing in her closet.”

    Researchers also revealed people seem to inherit other tendencies that affect financial decisions such as choosing a compromise (妥協(xié)) option, avoiding extremes, and looking for the best option available.

    Dianne Marlz said her grandmother, mother, daughter and she all have shopped carefully in their lifetimes.

    “So is that inherit?” she asked. “It depends on your definition. My children definitely got it from me, as I did from my mother and from hers. But I think it’s more a matter of  having observed the behavior and decision-making process of the elder, who had the most impact on each of us. Some of it is definitely taught.”

    Researchers are quick to note they don’t completely believe the effects of mature (養(yǎng)育) but rather want to illustrate nurture’s and nature’s combined influence on consumer judgment and choices.

    “The current research suggests that heritable and other inherent preference components play a key role in behavior and deserve much more attention in marketing and decision-making research.” they said in a statement.

59. The author presents this passage mainly by ________.

   A. providing several examples

   B. testing an idea by reasoning

   C. analyzing some data

   D. describing the result of a research

60. Easley told a story of her mother to _________.

   A. complain about her mother wearing her clothes

   B. prove her mother had no taste for clothing

   C. show her mother’s genes influenced her in shopping

   D. express her gratitude to her mother for buying her clothes

61. In the opinion of Dianne, _________.

   A. parents should teach children hoe to do the shopping

   B. female family members like to go shopping

   C. spending money wildly is her family tradition

   D. shopping habits are more nurtured than inherit

62. The passage mainly tells us that genes may ________.

   A. influence the way you shop

   B. change your way of doing things

   C. lead to bad behaviors

   D. affect all your decisions greatly

    Do you wonder why you prefer chocolate to fish, science-fiction movies instead of romantic comedies or jazz rather than rock? The reason may have become obvious long before you were born, coming at the start of your family tree.

    Researchers recently looked into heritable (可繼承的) effects on consumers shopping habits and discovered people appear to inherit---through genetics, fondness for specific products such as chocolate, movies, jazz, ears and mustard.

“We found that many, though not all of them are in fact heritable or influenced by genetic factors.” said marketing professor Itamar Simonson in Stanford University and assistant marketing professor Aner Sela in the University of Florida.

They surveyed fraternal (異卵性的) and identical (同卵性的) twins on their consumer patterns. Results show far more similarities among responses from identical twins, who unlike fraternal twins share matching genes.

Emily Easley said she can totally see shopping habits being genetic, based on her and her mother’s shopping behaviors

“We commonly purchase the same thing.” said Easley. “One time I came home and was wearing a new purple T-shirt with some floral design around the neck and found that my mom had bought the exact same one, in the same color. It’s always just so interesting to visit her and see my exact clothing in her closet.”

    Researchers also revealed people seem to inherit other tendencies that affect financial decisions such as choosing a compromise (妥協(xié)) option, avoiding extremes, and looking for the best option available.

    Dianne Marlz said her grandmother, mother, daughter and she all have shopped carefully in their lifetimes.

    “So is that inherit?” she asked. “It depends on your definition. My children definitely got it from me, as I did from my mother and from hers. But I think it’s more a matter of  having observed the behavior and decision-making process of the elder, who had the most impact on each of us. Some of it is definitely taught.”

    Researchers are quick to note they don’t completely believe the effects of mature (養(yǎng)育) but rather want to illustrate nurture’s and nature’s combined influence on consumer judgment and choices.

    “The current research suggests that heritable and other inherent preference components play a key role in behavior and deserve much more attention in marketing and decision-making research.” they said in a statement.

59. The author presents this passage mainly by ________.

   A. providing several examples

   B. testing an idea by reasoning

   C. analyzing some data

   D. describing the result of a research

60. Easley told a story of her mother to _________.

   A. complain about her mother wearing her clothes

   B. prove her mother had no taste for clothing

   C. show her mother’s genes influenced her in shopping

   D. express her gratitude to her mother for buying her clothes

61. In the opinion of Dianne, _________.

   A. parents should teach children hoe to do the shopping

   B. female family members like to go shopping

   C. spending money wildly is her family tradition

   D. shopping habits are more nurtured than inherit

62. The passage mainly tells us that genes may ________.

   A. influence the way you shop

   B. change your way of doing things

   C. lead to bad behaviors

   D. affect all your decisions greatly

 “It’s the best…uhh…What? You don’t want it?...,”the inexpertienced young man uttered,his hope dashed.

“Again,you disappointed me,Andrew.When are you going to learn? You have to be sure and confident. And think how best to make him part with his money. Apply yourself, Son. All your college education will not help if you don’t put your mind to selling. Think on your feet. Use psychology,” Andrew spoke with diffidence overwhelmed by his father’s criticism.

“You’ve been in this shop for six months and you haven’t succeeded in selling a single computer. I tell you what. I’ll give you one more chance. I’ll give you another three more weeks. If you still can’t make one sale, I’ll call in your elder brother to replace you. He will also take over the shop when I retire. There. I’ll just give you one last chance to prove yourself,” said Mr. Whitely, his patience wearing thin.

Andrew’s heart missed a beat. This time he would have to do it. Do or Die! A sense of urgency gripped him. Somehow he must prove himself to his father.

It was now the end of the day and the shop was being closed. The assistant employed by his father, called Mike, chuckled and put his arms round poor Andrew to comfort him,“ Sort it out yourself. It’s gotta come from yourself.” he said.

The shop was located in a bustling shopping center. Andrew left the shop and walked round the complex aimlessly and by chance entered a large bookstore. He glanced at the books and was about to leave when his eyes caught some interesting titles:‘ How to increase your confidence,’‘ The art of communication,’‘How to sell well’amongst others.

The next minute he was out of the store with the shopping bag bugling with books. In his apartment (for he loves separately from his parents and little sister),he settled himself in his easy chair and devoured the contents of the books, one by one. His keen intelligence enabled him to focus the details that matter and pick out the ideas and techniques expounded.In a week his image underwent a transformation. Gone was the stubble that used to give him an untidy image likened to a heroin addict.He was also smartly dressed now. Instead of his usual slurred speech and incoherence ,he spoke with clarity, purpose and forcefulness.He was more convincing and persuasive. Above all, confidence flowed from his being and he seemed to have learned a few tricks of the selling trade. He worked hard at his sales pitch and one day he succeeded in selling a computer. His first sale. He had finally achieved the quota of one sale within the given time frame of three weeks. The job, the shop, was his. He had to thank Mike for it. And now he had to go beyond his first successs and score, consistently and persistently. Nevertheless he had proved himself at last and the future looked bright and promising.

We learn from the story that at the beginning Andrew’s father_________.

  A.holds the view that Andrew is hopeless

  B.has lost his patience with Andrew

  C.has given the shop to Andrew

  D.still hopes Andrew will improve

We learn from the story that Andrew_________.

  A.has turned himself into an experienced sales manager

  B.has tried in vain to get his job done in six months

  C.has let his father down in the end

  D.has done well with the help of Mike

What’s the most significant change of character in Andrew?

  A.He’s more convincing.                   B.He’s more hard-working.

  C.He is more confident.                   D.He is more intelligence.

What conclusion can we draw from the story?

  A.Success depends on hard work,talent,and willingnesss to make changes.

  B.However hard you try, you won’t achieve success without others’ help

  C.It takes time to succeed, you have to try again and again and never give up

  D.It’s good communication skills and some tricks that result in big business.

“Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churhill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making. For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.
He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（復(fù)雜化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.
In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says“The more accurately（精確的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”
Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding；Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.
【小題1】
According to the text, James March is ____________. 

A．a(chǎn) poet who uses experience in his writing

B．a(chǎn) teacher who teachers story writing in university

C．a(chǎn) researcher who studies the way humans think and act

D．a(chǎn) professor who helps organizations make important decisions

【小題2】
According to James March, experience ______________. 
A. is overvalued          B. is easy to explain
C. should be actively sought
【小題3】
What can we learn from Paragraph 3?  

A．Experience makes stories more accurate.

B．Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.

C．The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.

D．Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.

【小題4】
What’s the purpose of this text?  

A．To introduce a book.	B．To describe a researcher.
C．To explain experiential learning.	D．To discuss organizational decision making.