Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Some people with autism(孤獨癥) have __1.___ experts with their outstanding memories, mathematical skills or musical talent. Now scientists have found that the genes thought to cause autism may also confer(給予) mathematical, musical and other skills on people without the condition.

The finding has _2.___ from a study of autism among 378 Cambridge University students, which found the condition was up to seven times more common among mathematicians than students in other fields.

If __3.__, it could explain why autism － a ___4.___that makes it hard to communicate with, and relate to, others ─ continues to exist in all types of society. It suggests the genes responsible are usually ___5.__, causing the disease only if present in the wrong combinations. “Our understanding of autism is undergoing a ___6.__,” said Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, director of the autism research centre at Cambridge, who led the study.

“It seems clear that genes play a significant role in the causes of autism and that those genes are also ___7.__ to certain intellectual skills.”

Scientists have long been interested by the apparent ___8.__ between autism and intellectual gifts in specific fields. This has made autism a hot topic in popular culture, from films such as Rain Man, which starred Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise, to books such as The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime.

Temple Grandin, 61, was diagnosed（診斷） with autism as a child and is now professor of animal sciences at Colorado State University. She said: “People with autism have played a vital role in human evolution and culture. Scientists such as Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein show every __9.___ of having been autistic. The world owes a great deal to those who design and programme computers, many of whom show autistic traits.”

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Some people with autism(孤獨癥) have _____ experts with their outstanding memories, mathematical skills or musical talent. Now scientists have found that the genes thought to cause autism may also confer(給予) mathematical, musical and other skills on people without the condition.

The finding has ____ from a study of autism among 378 Cambridge University students, which found the condition was up to seven times more common among mathematicians than students in other fields.

If ____, it could explain why autism － a ______that makes it hard to communicate with, and relate to, others ─ continues to exist in all types of society. It suggests the genes responsible are usually _____, causing the disease only if present in the wrong combinations. “Our understanding of autism is undergoing a _____,” said Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, director of the autism research centre at Cambridge, who led the study.

“It seems clear that genes play a significant role in the causes of autism and that those genes are also _____ to certain intellectual skills.”

Scientists have long been interested by the apparent _____ between autism and intellectual gifts in specific fields. This has made autism a hot topic in popular culture, from films such as Rain Man, which starred Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise, to books such as The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime.

Temple Grandin, 61, was diagnosed（診斷） with autism as a child and is now professor of animal sciences at Colorado State University. She said: “People with autism have played a vital role in human evolution and culture. Scientists such as Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein show every _____ of having been autistic. The world owes a great deal to those who design and programme computers, many of whom show autistic traits.”

閱讀理解

　　Teens and young people-those folks who take the car without asking and pretend not to hear when you ask them to turn down the music-seem to be more likely to stop smoking if they think their smoke could harm those around them.

　　“The kids were mere concerned about the harmful effects of secondhand smoke than they were concerned about themselves,” says Stanton Glandz, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.

　　The belief that secondhand smoke harmed people around them mere doubled the chances that the young smokers were planning to stop their habit in 30 days or already had given up.

　　However, the same wasn't true when the young people were asked whether they were worried about their own health risks because of smoking. Glantz says the responses were not statistically (從統(tǒng)計上) important as a sign to show that concern would lead them to give up smoking.

　　The research studies 300 smokers and 300 non-smokers between 14 and 22 years of age.

　　Previous studies have found that the ill effects of second-hand smoke are enough to cause adult smokers to give up or at least consider it, but Glantz says this is the first proof that teens also are affected by these concerns.

　　“Like adults, kids are concerned about the effect of smoking on others,” he says. “One of the big mistakes that anti-smoking people have made is that they've treated kids differently from adults.”

　　The tobacco companies treat kids like adults, and that's part of the attraction, Glantz says. Those trying to get kids to stop smoking should do the same, he says.

　　About 4 million teenagers smoke, according to the American Heart Association (學(xué)會), and more than 3000 teens under the age of 18 become daily smokers every day. If these continue, about 5 million of those teens will die of some disease caused by smoking, the association estimates (估計).

　　Previous studies of how anti-tobacco advertising affects people have shown that worry about secondhand smoke, information about the addictive qualities of tobacco and reports about the tobacco industry's dishonest behavior are the three most highly effective messages that affect people to stop smoking. Glantz says.

　　“People who design tobacco control programs for teens should be putting more emphasis on cleaning indoor air and secondhand smoke,” he says.

1．In Stanton Glautz's opinion, young people in America give up smoking because they consider ________.

[　　]

A．non-smoker's health

B．their own health

C．their parents' worry

D．the merchants' dishonesty

2．Glantz suggests anti-smoking people pay more attention to ________.

[　　]

A．the increasing number of teenage smokers

B．the effects of smoking on teenagers

C．the similarity between young people and adults

D．the difference between young people and adults

3．The “Addictive qualifies of tobacco” make people ________.

[　　]

A．start smoking

B．get rid of smoking

C．recover from illness

D．depend on smoking

閱讀下列文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。

Teens and young people—those folks who take the car without asking and pretend not to hear when you ask them to turn down the music—seem to be more likely to stop smoking if they think their smoke could harm those around them.

    “The kids were more concerned about the harmful effects of secondhand smoke than they were concerned about themselves,” says Stanton Glandz, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.

    The belief that secondhand smoke harmed people around them more doubled the chances that the young smokers were planning to stop their habit in 30 days or already had given up.

    However, the same wasn't true when the young people were asked whether they were worried about their own health risks because of smoking. Glantz says the responses were not statistically (從統(tǒng)計上)important as a sign to show that concern would lead them to give up smoking.

    The research studies 300 smokers and 300 nonsmokers between 11 and 22 years of age.

    Previous studies have found that the ill effects of secondhand smoke are enough to cause adult smokers to give up or at least consider it, but Glantz says this is the first proof that teens also are affected by these concerns.

    “Like adults, kids are concerned about the effect of smoking on others,” he says. “One of the big mistakes that anti-smoking people have made is that they've treated kids differently from adults.”

    The tobacco companies treat kids like adults, and that's part of the attraction, Glantz says. Those trying to get kids to stop smoking should do the same, he says.

    About 4 million teenagers smoke, according to the American Heart Association (學(xué)會), and more than 3000 teens under the age of 18 become daily smokers every day. If these continue, about 5 million of those teens will die of some disease caused by smoking, the association estimates.

    Previous studies of how anti-tobacco advertising affects people have shown that worry about secondhand smoke, information about the addictive qualities of tobacco and reports about the tobacco industry's dishonest behavior are the three most highly effective messages that affect people to stop smoking. Glantz says.

    “People who design tobacco control programs for teens should be putting more emphasis on cleaning in-door air and secondhand smoke.” he says.

1．In Stanton Glantz's opinion, young people in America give up smoking because they consider ________.

    A. non-smokers' health

    B. their own health

    C. their parents' worry

    D. the merchants' dishonesty

 2．Glantz suggests anti-smoking people pay more attention to ________.

    A. the increasing number of teenage smokers

    B. the effects of smoking on teenagers

    C. the similarity between young people and adults

    D. the difference between young people and adults

3．The “Addictive qualities of tobacco” make people ________.

A. start smoking

B. get rid of smoking

C. recover from illness

D. depend on smoking