(江西省南昌二中2009屆高三5月模擬考試E篇)

Are you one of those who always fear whenever a dog is approaching? If you are, you have got phobia (a very strong feeling of being afraid of something). Of all human fears, phobias may be the most uncontrollable. They are most often caused by a particular situation or object. In general, phobias can mainly be divided into three varieties. To begin with, agoraphobia is a fear of staying in strange surroundings, for example, an unfamiliar place, or an open area．Social phobia refers to the anxiety people show when they have to stay or perform on social events, for instance, speaking in front of the class. Lastly, there are a wide range of specific phobias. People suffering from this kind of phobia are terrified of specific objects or creatures. such as spiders, perhaps to your surprise, clowns. Besides, there are about six hundred and fifty phobias having been listed by psychologists(心理學家)as yet.

Faced with their phobias, many people choose to do nothing but just escape the situations or objects they fear. Psychologists, however, warn that if not treated properly, this kind of anxiety will get worse, so that it may disturb the sleep pattern, cause physical symptoms, and finally affect their daily activities. As for treatment, clinical research has discovered that medicine for anxiety is not successful in curing phobias. However. the anxiety disorders can be efficiently treated through cognitive behavioral therapy (認知行為療法), through which patients are led to inspect the connections between their own fear und the situation or object, and then actively choose the acceptable treatments. Also, other treatments proved effective in reducing phobias are Meditation(quiet thought that can help people relax), listening to calming music, and so on.

72．Phobias are mainly caused by      .

       A．a(chǎn)nxiety                                              B．a(chǎn)nimal attacks

       C．terrible dreams and imagination             D．a(chǎn) certain situation or thing

73．Which do psychologists NOT use for effective treatment of phobias?

       A．To take medicine for anxiety

       B．To listen to comforting light music

       C．To lose oneself in a peaceful environment

       D．To understand the very source of one's own anxiety

74．Which of the following statements about phobias is CORRECT?

       A．Actors call help people to cure their phobias.

       B．Phobias can be divided into six hundred and fifty types.

       C．Those suffering from phobias may not sleep well or work normally.

       D．Cognitive behavioral therapy demands little participation from patients.

75．What do those with agoraphobia feel terrified and anxious about?

       A．Staying on a square.

       B．Touching insects, like spiders.

       C．Being harmed by virus.

       D．Giving a speech in presence of many people.

 (江西省南昌二中2009屆高三5月模擬考試C篇)

China’s government has been trying all measures to reduce pollution in the past few years. Now people can enjoy a fresh environment everywhere. The following two graphs are adopted from the column of “City Information” on the webpage of Beijing Review.

Graph 1: Olympic Cities Air Quality Report

Graph 2: Chinese National Standard

Notes:

   **API stands for Air Pollution Index(指數(shù)).

   **Particulate matter (PM₁₀) is a major component of air pollution that threatens both our health and our environment. It consists of very small liquid and solid particles floating in the air.

   **Sulfur dioxide(SO₂) acts as an acid．Inhalation(吸入) results in labored breathing, coughing, or a sore throat and may cause permanent lung damage.

64．According to Graph 1, which of the following cities has the worst air pollution?

       A．Qinhuangdao.                                      B．Tianjin.                  

       C．Shenyang.                                           D．Qingdao.

65．If your city is symbolized by either red or purple, the pollution in your city is      .

       A．Moderate or slight.                              B．Moderate or high.

       C．Medium or slight. D．Medium or high.

66．Which of the following statements is TURE?

       A．On September 8th the color-symbol of Beijing City’s air quality is “Blue”.

       B．With API value below 150 the air is free from being polluted.

       C．The colors from purple to Yellow indicate the air quality is becoming much worse.

       D．When there are floating solid particles and dust in the air, it is dangerous pollution.

67．When more citizens are beginning to have labored breathing soon after they are in the open air, it suggests that     .

       A．it is so cold that they may have caught a cold

       B．there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the air

       C．they are starting to cough or have a fever

       D．they must be infected with permanent lung disease

 (江西省撫州一中2009屆高三第四次模擬考試E篇)

Every day from the time we wake up until the time we go to bed, we are bombarded with information from all sides, from TV, radio, newspapers and books; from family, friends, and colleagues. As a new cable television subscriber, I am absolutely amazed at the quantity and varying levels of information quality on cable television. Including the networks, there are eight TV "news" organizations vying to provide us with all the information we can possibly absorb. Newspaper, magazines, books, radio, the Internet, email, snail mail, and the telephone all compete for our attention and our minds. At the office conversations around the water cooler and coffee maker serve to spread even more items of information.
　　There is valuable information out there about the world we live in, on topics as varied as health, safety, traffic, nutrition, business, finance, philosophy, nature, science, weather, history and the human condition. There is also a large amount of misleading and outright false information, not just on controversial subjects such as politics and religion but on any topic one can think of, including all of the topics mentioned above.
　　With all this information coming at us from all directions, how does one sift through it all to sort out the facts from the fiction, the truth from the lies, the more important from the less important? Should we turn off the TV, cancel our newspaper subscriptions, disconnect our phones and modems to become information "hermits"? Probably not.
　　A better method of sifting through the information wave without being overwhelmed and confused is to become a skeptical inquirer-or skeptic-with regard to the surrounding world. By "skeptic"-I do not mean a cynic-a person who rejects new ideas simply because they are new. A skeptic is one who questions the validity of a particular claim by calling for evidence to prove or disprove it. Skepticism is a method, not a position. It is a provisional approach to all factual claims. In terms of processing information, a skeptic needs to be able to grasp reality and acquire knowledge about the environment that agrees with reason, logic, and evidence. In other words, as skeptics, when we hear a claim that may or may not be fantastic, we should say, "That's nice, prove it."

72．The writer implies that if we want to make some judgments about some information, the first thing that we should do is to .
A. ask for the information                  B. cut off all channels of information
C. receive and go through the information   D. become information "hermits"

73. What does the author say is the more reasonable approach to processing the information wave?
A. A skeptical approach.       B. A subjective approach.  

C. A cynical approach.         D. A philosophical approach.

74. What can we conclude from the difference between a skeptic and a cynic?
　　  A. Skeptics are reasonable but cynics are too optimistic.
　　  B. Skeptics are reasonable but cynics are too pessimistic(opposite of optimistic).
　　  C. Skeptics take a position but cynics are extreme in their attitude.
　　  D. Skeptics reject all new ideas but cynics only reject some of them.
　 75. When faced with an incredible or fantastic claim, what shall we do according to the author?
　　  A. Ask questions and look for proof.   B. Ignore the information and its source.
　　  C. Change the subject immediately.

D. Try to consult an expert who knows the truth.

 (江西省撫州一中2009屆高三第四次模擬考試B篇)

How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clearnight you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars.

       You can see even more with a telescope. And with bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more detail.

       But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.

      That's because they're invisible. They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.

       You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.

       As a star's gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gas runs out, the star stops burning and begins to die.

      As the star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star was very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf. If the star was very big, it keeps squashing inward until it's packed together tighter than anything in the universe.

       Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble. That's how tightly this dead star, a black hole, is packed. What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? It's the same force that pulls you down when you jump--the force called gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything--even light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That's why you see nothing but blackness.

       So next time you stare up at the night sky, remember: there's more in the Sky than we can see! Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes--the great mystery of space.

60. According to the article, what causes a star to die?

     A. As its gases run out, it cools down.                B. It has a collision with other stars.

C. It can only live for about a million years.     

D. As it gets hotter and hotter, it explodes.

61. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

    A. Black holes are dead stars.

    B. Black holes have gravity.

    C. Black holes are invisible.

    D. There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.

62. W. hat happens AFTER a star dies?

    A. It becomes invisible.                          B. It fails to Earth.

    C. It burns up all of its gases.                     D. It becomes brighter and easier to see.

63. Why can't you see light when you look at a black hole?

    A. Because most black holes are so far away.

    B. Because the gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks the light inward.

    C. Because as the star's gases burn, it stops giving off heat and light.

    D. Because as a star cools, its outer layers pull in toward its center.                                                

 (江蘇省啟東中學2009屆高三最后一卷B篇)

When a handheld video game runs out of power, all you have to do is plug it in and charge it up. Within a few years, some of you might do the same thing with mom’s car.

Automobile companies are developing vehicles that will plug into electric sockets （插座）, just like many laptops, digital cameras, cell phones and small video game players do. Called “plug-in hybrids （混合動力汽車）,” these cars will get most of their power from electricity. Their drivers will rarely have to stop at gas stations.

The technology is more than just cool. In our automobile-filled world, plug-in vehicles could reduce the amount of gasoline we use. That gas is made from crude oil, which has been kept rising in cost. Plus, driving around in these hybrids may even help the environment. Gas-burning cars produce a lot of carbon dioxide, a type of greenhouse gas. These gases stay in the atmosphere, where they trap heat and cause global warming.

The first company-produced plug-in hybrids could hit the roads by 20l0. But engineers still have a lot of work to do to make the technology practical and inexpensive.

Batteries are the biggest challenge. In the plug-in-hybrid world, Li-ion batteries are getting the most attention. These batteries can store a large amount of energy in a small package, and they last a relatively long time between charges. Li-ion batteries are standard in laptops, cell phones, heart devices and similar portable devices.

But because cars are so big and heavy, it would still require a suitcase-sized Li-ion battery to power about l2km of driving. What’s more, the batteries are extremely expensive.

“A car filled with batteries could go a long distance,” says Ted Bohn, an electrical engineer in Chicago. “But it couldn’t haul （拖拉） any people, and it would cost $l00,000.”

So researchers need to figure out how to make batteries smaller and cheaper, among other questions.

“The answers don’t exist yet,” Bohn says. “As a kid I thought someone someplace knows the answer to everything. All of these questions haven’t been decided. That’s what engineering is about — making a guess, running tests and fine-tuning results.”

59. The writer wrote this passage with the purpose of __________________.

A. how to charge the handheld video game up

B. explaining a newly-developed battery

C. introducing a new car

D. telling us how to make the new battery cheaper

60. Which is true according to the passage?

A. Plug-in hybrids will do no harm to the environment.

B. Li-lion batteries in laptops can be used on plug-in hybrids.

C. Some companies can produce plug-in hybrids now.

D. Drivers of plug-in hybrids will spend less money on gasoline.

61. From the passage, we can learn _________________.

A. we can buy one of “plug-in hybrids” now

B. all people will buy one after 20l0

C. this kind of car can carry two persons

D. some problems about “plug-in hybrids” remain to be done

 (江蘇省金壇一中2009屆高三5月模擬E篇)

Botany, the study of plants, plays a strange role in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was one field about which humans had little knowledge. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age Ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exists, a detailed learning of plants and their properties（特征）must be very ancient. This is reasonable. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been greatly important to the good of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, medicines, housing, and a great many other purposes. Tribes（部落）living today in the woods of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.

Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct relation with plants, and the less clear our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on a surprising amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple. When our New Stone Age ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10 000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer production the next season, the first great step in a new connection of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: planted crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the collected knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relations with plants in the wild would begin to disappear.

67. Which of the following assumptions（假設(shè)）about early humans is expressed in the passage?

A. They probably had wide knowledge of plants.

B. They clearly divided knowledge into separate fields

C. They did not enjoy the study of botany.

D. They placed great importance on ownership of property.

68.According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany decreased?

A.        People no longer value plants as a useful resource.

B.        Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.

C.        Research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants.

D.       Direct relation with a variety of plants has decreased.

69. In paragraph 2, the underlined word “marvel” is closest in meaning to _____.

A. edge              B. sign              C. beginning          D. wonder

70. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

A.   The invention of agriculture tools and machines.

B.   The development of a system of names for plants.

C.   The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.

 (湖北省黃岡中學2009屆高三五月適應(yīng)性考試（B卷）A篇)

Girls really prefer pink and boys prefer blue, recent research shows.

The reasons could have its origins in the hunt for food on the African savannah(稀樹草原) thousands of years ago. Evolution may have developed women’s preference for pink, perhaps because it helped to find ripe fruit and healthy men with reddish faces, while both men and women have a natural desire for blue, according to scientists at Newcastle University.

“ Everyone in today’s western culture, from parents to toy manufactures, seems to assume that little girls like pink.” Said Prof. Anya Hulbert, who wanted to find out whether the reason was cultural or to do with biology.

A love of salmon, fuchsia and coral does seem to be rooted into females, rather than picked up from their mothers.

The participants in the study were Chinese and British. The Chinese students showed a marked preference for red, “ Culture may contribute to this natural female preference,” said Pro. Hulbert.

In her experience, 208 young adult men and women were asked to select, as rapidly as possible, their preferred color. Hulbert and her colleague Dr. Yazhu Ling marked the results and found that while men preferred blue, women tended to choose pink.

Hulbert said she could only prefer about the preference for blue: “ Here again, I would favor evolutionary arguments. Going back to our savannah days, we would have a natural preference for a clear blue sky, because it signaled good weather. Clear blue also signals a good water source.”

51. The passage mentions “ the African savannah” to show that_____.

   A. the ancient Africa was a a beautiful place

   B. human beings lived in Africa at first

   C. women and men have different color preference

   D. color preference has its historical origins

52. It can be inferred that the underlined word “ fuchsia”_____.

   A. is probably a kind of toy

   B. is probably pink in color

   C. can be only found in Africa

   D. hardly causes men’s interest

53. By saying “ the Chinese students for red.” In Para. 5, the writer means_____.

   A. red is the Chinese students’ favorite color

   B. the Chinese prefer red more than the British

   C. culture influences people’s color preferences

   D. the study was carried out by two nations

54. What can we know from the last paragraph?

   A. Hulbert thinks evolution explains why people prefer blue.

   B. Hulbert has a strong desire for “savannah days”.

   C. Blue is a natural signal of many good things

   D. While boys like blue, girls like pink.

 (哈師大附中2009年高三第四次模擬考試D篇)

Our spiritual intelligence quotient (精神智商)，or SQ, helps us understand ourselves, and live fuller, happier lives.

    Though we're all born with SQ, most of us don’t even realize that we have it. Fortunately, you don't have to sign up for classes to learn how to improve your SQ. Here are some simple steps that can lead you to this new level of understanding.

    Sit Quietly. The process of developing spiritual intelligence begins with solitude (獨處) and silence. To tune in to your spirit, you have to turn down the volume (強度) in your busy, noisy, complicated life and force yourself to do nothing at all. Start small by creating islands for silence in your day. In the car, instead of listening to the music, use the time to think. At work, shut the door to your office between meetings, take a few breaths and let them out very, very slowly. Enjoy the stillness in your home after the kids are finally in bed.

    Step Outside.  For many people, nature sets their spirit free. Go outside to watch a beautiful sunset. If you are walking with the dog, take the time to admire flower in bloom; follow the light of a bird and watch clouds float overhead.

    Ask Questions of Yourself. Ask open-ended questions, such as "What am I feeling? What are my choices? Where am I heading?"

    But don't expect an answer to arrive through some supernatural form of e-mail. "Rarely do I get an immediate answer to my question," says Reverend Joan Carter, a Presbyterian minister in Sausalito, California. “But later that day I suddenly find myself thinking about a problem in a perspective(角度) I never considered before.”

    Trust Your Spirit. While most of us rely on gut(本能的) feeling to realize danger, spiritual intelligence pushes us, not away from, but towards some action that will lead to a greater good.

68. The passage is mainly about           .

  A. what your SQ is and in what way it can benefit our life

  B. what your SQ is and in what way it can be improved

  C. the relationship between your SQ and your life

  D. advantages and disadvantages of SQ

69. The underlined phrase "tune in to your spirit" in the third paragraph probably means to _____.

    A. get your spirit relaxed                     B. keep up your spirit

    C. keep seated quietly                      D. change your spirit

70. The author mentions the example of Reverend Joan Carter to show that            .

    A. there are no immediate answers to your questions

B. e-mails can't keep working out a problem

    C. the more questions you ask, the better answers you'll get     

D. changing your way of thinking might help you solve a problem

71. From the passage, we can know that the most important thing to improve your SQ is      .

 A. a peaceful mind    B. deep thought   C. spare time and hobbies   D. good spirits

 (廣東省湛師附中2009屆高三最后一模C篇)

So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species （物種），and that’s just a small part of what probably exists on Earth．With so many plants，animals，fungi，and other organisms covering the planet，it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is crawling up your leg or what kind of bird just flew by．

A soon-to-be-launched Website might help．An international team of researchers has announced the creation of a Web — based Encyclopedia of Life （EOL）．The project aims to catalogue every species on Earth in a single，easy-to-use reference guide．

To get the encyclopedia started，the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist．And eventually，in special sections of the site，nonscientists with specialized knowledge will join．Gardeners，for example，will be able to record the dates that their flowers first bloom each year．Bird-watchers will be able to input which birds they’ve seen and where．The technology for this kind of tool has only recently become available．

As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects．The site will have special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems in their neighborhoods．To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate，scientists will review much of the information added to it．People who visit the site will be able to choose to skip pages that haven’t been reviewed．

Another convenient characteristic of the EOL is that you’11 be able to pick the level of detail you see to match your interests，age，and current knowledge. If you wanted to learn about polar bears for a science class report，for example，you could use the “novice” setting to get basic information about the animals．On the “expert” setting，on the other hand．you could get much more detailed information about the history，literature，and exploration of polar bears．

It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species．The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed that process．

Keep an eye on www.eol.org．Pages will begin to go up sometime next year，and you might find them useful for your school reports．The EOL team might have the basics for all 1.8 million entries online as early as 2017．Someday，you might add your own notes.

51．What is implied in the last sentence of Paragraph 1 ?

A．No one can become an expert on spiders and birds．  

B．So many spiders have crawled up your leg．

C．There are far more than 1.8 million living species．  

D．Scientists have named a lot of living species．

52．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．You can find information of all living species online in 2017．

B．Nonscientists will be able to add their own notes to the website.

C．The kids preparing school reports can not have access to the informat’0 n’

D．You are not free to choose the amount of detailed information．

53．What does the underlined word “novice” probably mean in Paragraph 5 ?

A．Beginner．       B．Specialist．       C．Scientist．        D．Pupil．

54．Who are the intended readers of this passage?

A．Students．                            B．Researchers． 

C．Bird watchers or Gardeners．             D．People in general．

55．What is the best title for the passage?

A．Exploring Polar Bears．                 B．Visit Our Website Now．

C．How to Do School Projects．             D．E-book of Life．

 (天水市一中2006級2008-2009學年第二學期第四次考試題D篇)

The North and South poles are remote and freezing places that receive lots of animal visitors but few human tourists.

But even if you never plan to visit the polar bears in the north or penguins in the south, now is a perfect time to start thinking about them. That’s because 2007 marks the beginning of the International Polar Year (IPY), a two-year-old activity of science projects that aim to show how important the poles are to the health of our planet. During the IPY, which will last until March 2009, thousands of researchers from more than 60 countries will conduct more than 200 projects and expeditions(遠征) to both the top and bottom of the world.

In recent years, the polar regions have begun to change severely as a result of global warming. Temperatures there are rising faster than anywhere else on Earth. As a result, the ice and snow in these regions are melting（融化） at record-setting rates. One result is that sea levels are rising around the world, putting animals and people at risk.

Only by studying the poles, say IPY researchers, can we find ways to protect them and ourselves.

Both the Arctic and the Antarctic are cold and remote, but the two regions have important differences. For one thing, the Arctic is an ice-covered ocean surrounded by land. The Antarctic, on the other hand, is a continent of ice-covered land surrounded by water.

Most polar studies have focused on the Arctic, and that is where scientists have observed the most remarkable changes in the ice. During a typical year, Arctic ice expands(擴大) in the winter and shrinks(縮小) in the summer. But recently, the amount of ice covering the ocean has been steadily dropping in both seasons.

53．Which of the following might be the best tile of the passage?

       A．Earth’s Poles Interest Scientists           B．The Animals of Earth’s Poles

       C．Earth’s Poles in Danger                 D．The Discoveries of Earth’s Poles

54．The goal of the International Polar Year is __________.

       A．to make it clear that the poles have much to do with a healthy earth

       B．to provide practical theory to further develop this distant area

       C．to call on as many scientists as possible to do research on the poles

       D．to discover more mysteries unknown to man

55．What is the main factor that has caused the changes of the poles?

       A．The increasing number of animals.         B．The development of the poles.

       C．The melting of the poles.                 D．The rising temperature.

56．What unusual phenomenon worries the scientists?

       A．In summer the ice of the Arctic loses faster.

       B．The ice covering the Arctic shrinks even in winter.

       C．The ice of the Arctic increases less than in the past.

D．The changes in the Arctic are more serious.