Wind is the great maker of waves. There are exceptions, such as the tidal waves, sometimes produces by earthquakes under the sea. But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.?Now before constructing an imaginary life history of a typical wave, we need to know certain physical things about it. A wave has height, from trough (low point)to crest (high point),and it has length—the distance from this crest to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same— for all depend upon the depth of the water and many other matters.?

The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position. And it is fortunate that this is so, for if the huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible.

If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way:

Speeding=Wavelength×Frequency

Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests), frequency means the number of cycles per second.?

41.What causes waves according to the passage??

Earthquakes and nothing else.   B. Wind and volcanos.

C. Wind and earthquakes.          D. Wind and water.

42.Which of the following is true according to the text??

A. The water of a wave moves away across the sea.?

B. The water of a wave remains almost in the same place.?

C. The water of a wave goes with the passing of the wave.?

D. The length of a wave means the distance between crest and trough.

43.The underlined word “succeeding” means__________.?

A. reaching an aim    B. doing well?  C. following after   D. taking place

44.If the speed of wave 1 is 100 cm/s, and its frequency 10;and the frequency of wave 2 is 300,while its speed is twice that of wave 1.Which of the following is true??

A. The wave-lengths of the two are equal.?

B. The wave-length of wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.?

C. The wave-length of wave 2 is longer than that of wave 1.?

D. The wave-length of wave 1 is longer than that of wave 2.?

PART FOUR: WRITING

Section A (10Points)

Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

There are many things you can do to keep friendship strong forever.

Trust is very important in keeping any relationship strong and long lasting. If you trust the person whom you have a good relationship with and the other person also trust you in the same way, then you two have a good relationship.

You can remember important date of your friends such as their birthdays and wish them or give gifts to them on this special days. Many people say that money is the most important thing to consider, but remember friendship is not about money. You can find something small and inexpensive for their gifts or send online cards.

A friend should also always help others even when it is not very convenient. So have a helping hand ready at all times.

Sometimes distance makes relationships even closer. So, if you are far from your friends, there are many ways you can remain in contact（聯(lián)系）. You can use email, chat programs, and you can also write a blog and share your daily life activities with your friends.

If there is anything that makes you happy, share it with your friends. Listen to their thoughts as well. If they have achieved something noticeable, congratulate them and celebrate with them.

I have seen good friendships and when there is unhealthy competition between two friends. Though this may not happen in many cases, it is better to keep this idea in mind since it may happen to you.

As far as I have seen and experienced, it will be better not to either lend to or borrow money from your good friend. Of course, we have to do this with friends. But, attention should be paid so that your friendship may not end.

How to Keep Your Friendship 71______

I didn’t know the new word in the text, so I had to           the word in a dictionary. 

A. look out                   B. consult                     C. refer to                    D. look up

We offered these students a summer course , aiming _____ improving their spoken English．

         A．to           B．in            C．a(chǎn)t             D．for 

—How did you find the talk this morning? 

       —______.

       A．By asking my students    B．It was easy to find

       C．Very disappointing   D．Just in time for it

Please go ________ the ship quickly. There is only ten minutes left.

   A. board                                 B. broad                               C. aboard                                      D. abroad

 In the group discussion, they thought up three different __________to solving the environmental problem.

  A. approaches                B. means                  C. ways        D. methods

. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ______ on the radio yesterday.

A. turned out              B. found out       C. given out               D. worked out.

 The World Expo Shanghai 2010 has now become the ______ of the world’s media attention.

   A. matter   B. thought    C. force   D. focus

B

Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar(獨(dú)有) to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.

The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a double function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.

In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under which all reports can be classified.

Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.

?1.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.

?A. a technical writing handbook   B. a handbook on composition

?C. a book on a literary writing    D. a scientific paper

  2. In Part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order of ____.

? A. Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports

? B. Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics

? C. Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems

? D. Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics

?3.You can find some writing exercises in ____.

? A. the chapter on Organization        B. the chapter on Style

? C. the chapter on Special Problems     D. the chapter on Proposals

?4. According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.

? A. Part Ⅰ of the first edition

? B. Part Ⅱ of the second edition

? C. Part Ⅰ of the second edition

? D. Part Ⅱ of the third edition

?5. Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?

? A. There isn’t the chapter on Special Types of Reports.

? B. The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.

? C. The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.

? D. There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.