John is very __________. －if he promises to do something he’ll do it.

A. independent              B. confident              C. reliable                  D. flexible

Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教會) or other non-profit groups.

Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(實習階段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

26. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______.

A. a church            B. a corporation            C. a city                       D. a state

27. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.

A. schooling and retraining                        B. practice in a hospital

C. facilities he or she uses                          D. education he or she receives

28. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About seven years.                                B. Eight years.

C. Ten years.                                             D. About twelve years.

29. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

30. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

— Have you ever visited the Opera House?

       —Yes．When I was in Sydney, I ______ it twice．

A．have visited     B．visited    C．had visited      D．would visit

—You must obey every word of mine!

       —________ I don’t?

   A. What about  B. How come  C. What if      D. Only if

---Do you often watch this kind of program?

   ---No. This is the first time I ____ this kind. It’s funny.

A. watched       B. watch      C. have watched    D. had watched

Ears are for hearing — everyone knows that. But for a creature called the Cuvier’s beaked whale, hearing starts in the throat (喉嚨), a new study found.

    The observation might help explain how all whales hear. The work might also help scientists understand how animals are affected by underwater sonar (聲吶). This sonar, used by some ships, sends out sound waves to locate underwater objects.

    The Cuvier’s beaked whale is a so-called toothed whale. Toothed whales dive deep into the ocean in search of food. As the whales hunt, they produce sounds that reach objects and then return to the whales. This allows the animals to “see” the shape, size, and location of objects, even when they’re 1,000 meters under the sea, where it is totally dark.

    To better understand how the whale hears, researchers from San Diego State University in California took X rays of two Cuvier’s beaked whales. The whales had died and washed up on the beach.

    Ted Cranford and his colleagues used the images to make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head. Then, they modeled the process of sound traveling through the head.

    The researchers knew that some sounds get to the ears of a toothed whale through a structure (構造) called “the window for sound”. Found on the lower jaw, this structure is very thin on the outside and has a large pad (墊) of fat on the inside.

    When the researchers used their computer model to work out how sound waves travel in the whale’s head, they were surprised to find that sounds coming from right in front of the whale actually travel under the animal’s jaw. From there, sound waves move through the throat, into a hole in the back of the jaw, and finally to the pad of fat near the animal’s ears.

69. Toothed whales look for food under the sea by ______.

  A. watching the shape and size of their objects        B. diving deep into the sea

  C. sending and receiving sounds                                   D. making lots of noises     

70. Researchers took X rays of two Cuvier’s beaked whales in order to ______.

  A. find out why they had died and washed up on the beach

  B. make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head

  C. make sure that sound travels through the head

  D. know more about the way the whale hears   

71. Which of the following describes the way taken by sound waves through a Cuvier’s beaked whale?

  A. A hole in the back of the jaw → the ears → the jaw → the throat.   

  B.       The jaw → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the ears.

  C.       The throat → the jaw → the ears → a hole in the back of the jaw.   

  D. The ears → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the jaw.

72. Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

  A. The throat is important to the Cuvier’s beaked whale’s hearing.

  B. Ships send out sound waves like a Cuvier’s beaked whale.

  C. The ears are actually useless to the Cuvier’s beaked whale.

  D. The researchers haven’t found how the whales hear.

The baby cried again. The young mother felt very ____ and her husband wore ____ expression on his face, too.?

  A. confused; confused            B. confusing; confused 

  C. confusing; confusing           D. confused; confusing?

—You should have given me a ring before you left.

       —I meant______, but I was in a hurry that time.

       A. to do                B. to                            C. do                           D. doing it

The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

       A. to blow down    B. blowing down    C. blown down             D. being blown down

Class is beginning. Will you please get the blackboard         .

   A. to clean        B. cleaning          C. cleaned        D. having cleaned