Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart（購物手推車）. They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging（吃力地?cái)y帶） groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony（假冒的） customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.

81. What do the underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to?（No more than 3 words）

82. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? （No more than 8 words）

83. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? （No more than 8 words）

84. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? （No more than 10 words）

     _______ on the top of the hill is a monument, dating back to hundreds of years ago.

A. Having stood     B. Standing           C. Being stood              D. Having been stood

          by the success of his friend, hw was bent on seeking his fortune in busy cities.

       A．Being encouraged    B．To be encouraged

       C．Having encouraged  D．Encouraged

The city is known for      two famous revolutions.

   A. witness    B. witnessing   C. being witnessed   D. having been witnessing

Only high officials had      the president.

A. accessible to    B. access of    C. access to    D. accessible of 

A foreign language like English is difficult to learn, so you ____________ work too hard.

  A. can’t         B. must        C. shouldn’t     D. ought to

One _______ fact is _______ Crystal always keeps a toothbrush in his pocket for good luck when he is the host of the Academy Awards.

   A. little-knowing ; 不填                   B. well-known ; which

   C. little-known ; what                     D. little-known ; that

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36－55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

There was a rich foreign merchant who had 4 wives. He loved the 4^th wife most and  36  her with best clothes and  37  her to delicious food.

  He also loved the 3^rd wife very much. He’s very proud of her and always wanted to  38  his 3^rd wife to his friends.

  He too, loved his 2^nd wife. 39  the merchant faced some 40  , he always turned to his 2^nd wife and she would always help him out.

  Now, the merchant’s first wife had made great  41  to his business. However, the merchant did not love her and although she loved him deeply, he hardly took notice of her.

  One day, the merchant fell ill. He knew that he was going to die  42  . He told himself, “ Now I have 4 wives with me. 43  when I die, I’ll be alone. How  44  I’ll be!”

  Thus, he asked the 4^th wife, “ I  45 you most. Now that I’m dying will you 46  me and keep me company?” “No way!” replied the 4^th wife and she walked away without another word.

  The  47  merchant then asked the 3^rd wife, “ I have loved you so much for all my life. Will you follow me and keep me company?” “ 48  !” replied the 3^rd wife. “ Life is so good over here! I’m going to 49  when you die!”

  He then asked the 2^nd  wife, “ I 50 turned to you for help. Now I need your help again. Will you follow me and keep me company?” “I’m sorry, I can’t  51  you out this time!” replied the 2^nd wife.

  Then a 52 pulled out, “ I’ll leave with you. I’ll follow you no matter  53  you go.” Broken-hearted, the merchant said, “ I should have taken much better  54  of you while I could have.”

 Actually, we all have 4 wives in our life: our body, our possessions, our friends, and our 55  . We should take good care of our soul all our life.

A wore                      B bought           C dressed               D shared

A gave          B treated           C provided                  D sent

A show off           B turn off         C show out             D turn out

A Wherever      B However         C Whether              D Whenever

A requests           B exercises         C problems             D duties

A friends            B contributions    C differences          D attempts

A soon          B fast             C easily                D bitterly

A So                      B And                  C But                          D For

A lonely                 B friendly             C lovely                          D lively

A respected              B missed               C wanted                     D loved

A like                    B catch              C take                         D follow

A sad                     B hopeless            C anxious                    D lucky

A Yes                 B No                    C Sure                         D OK

A work                 B leave              C remarry                    D stay

A seldom       B always               C sometimes             D never

A advise     B demand             C suggest                     D help

A voice            B sound             C shout                     D laugh

A how                  B where             C when                     D why

A advantage       B pity                    C care                         D control

A wealth            B health             C power                          D soul

President Obama，s plan last week to overhaul(改善)former president George W．Bush’s No Child left Behind program is an improvement on a good thin9．But it doesn’t go far enough.

    Obama outlined a goal that by 2020，all grade school and high school students ale on a path toward college and career readiness．

    However, what we need is a practical plan that not only requires all high school graduates to take at least two years of college but also makes it financially possible for them to do so. We’ve provided a free public education through the l2th grade．If we’re going to keep up—or catch up—with some other countries(1ike China)in preparing young people for careers，a 12-year education program no longer is enough．

    About 3 million students across the USA will graduate from high school this spring. But only 2 million will go on to college, according to a survey by the National Center for Education Statistics(NCFES)．For the more than l million who won’t go on，money is a major factor．If tuition(學(xué)費(fèi))were free，about half of them could make up other COSTS from family or part—time jobs．

    Critics(批評家)of free college tuition will say we can’t afford it because of the federal deficit(聯(lián)邦赤字)and other rising costs．Let’s see some government spending in detail：

  In the last nearly 10 years．the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have cost us $1 trillion(that’s $1，000 billion，or an average of$100 billion a year)．Federal money spent on public elementary and secondary education in the last year for which figures are available was$47 billion．If we end costly and unnecessary wars and nation—building efforts abroad，the federal government could provide more money on public education，for which state and local governments now carry most of the burden(負(fù)擔(dān))．

According to President Obama’s plan，in 10 years，    ．

   A．there will be no expensive and unnecessary Wars

   B．a(chǎn)ll grade and high school students can go to college

   C．the U．S．will catch up with China in career preparation

   D．students Call enjoy a l2-year public free education

If tuition were not charged．

A．a(chǎn)bout 2．5 million students could afford college education

B．a(chǎn)bout 2 million students could be provided chances of college education

C．over l million students still could not afford college education

D．a(chǎn)bout 3 million students could graduate from high school

The author may agree that President Obama’s plan

    A．has little to do with Gorge W．Bush’s program

    B. does not agree with the survey by NCFES

C．does not contain practical measures to achieve its goal

D．will lighten the burden of state and local governments

It can be inferred from the passage that

A．the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are expensive but necessary

B．the federal Can not provide more money on education

C，critics of free college tuition think little of the plan

D．President Obama’s plan might be hard to carry out

從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

例：have      A．gave                 B．save       C．hat       D．made      答案是C。

through    A．plough      B．cough     C．enough    D．tough

umbrella   A．pupil       B．industry    C．button     D．butcher

noise      A．purpose     B．course     C．choose    D．practise

frequent    A．recently    B．pretend     C．entire     D．require

heard      A．heart       B．dear       C．nearly    D．early