When I worked as a waitress in Chicago, US, my coworkers  and I would groan (嘆 息) whenever we heard someone with a foreign accent coming into our restaurant. We knew what it meant to serve a non–American: no tip. We would work just as hard as we always did, but we might not get paid.

    Americans have an unspoken rule about tipping: they give tips to almost everyone who offers them a service of some kind. Americans tip their waiters, barbers and taxi drivers. An appropriate (合適的) tip is between 15 and 20 percent of the amount charged for the service, but the charge for the tip doesn’t appear on the bill. The customer is expected to add it on himself/herself.

So if you order $100 worth of food, you are expected to pay your waiter at least $15, making your total payment $115. Tipping less than this sends a message to your waiter that you think they’ve done a bad job serving you. And to leave no tip at all is simply unacceptable.

    It’s not that American waiters are greedy. In many countries, waiters are paid a salary for their work. They’ll earn money even if no one comes into the restaurant. This system offers much more safety for waiters than the American version. In the US, waiters know that a night without customers means a night without pay.

    Some countries include a tip for waiters – a “service charge” – on the bill itself. Since the tip is included with the other charges, waiters don’t need to worry about people forgetting to tip. But in the US, waiters do not receive a salary, and service charges only appear on bills when there are six or more customers at the table.

    Since almost all American customers are familiar with the system, they know to add a tip without being told. But visitors to the US may expect waiters to be paid a salary, or think that the tip is included on the bill. So as much as we waiters loved hearing stories about other places from our foreign customers, we were always nervous when they got ready to leave the restaurant. We were never sure what to expect.

55. Why would the author and her coworkers groan when they had to serve a non-American?

   A. They would have difficulty understanding the customer.

   B. They had to work harder to get tips from the customer.

   C. They might not get any payment from the customer.

   D. They thought a non-American customer would be hard to please.

56. If you order $550 worth of food, you are supposed to pay your waiter at least ______.

   A. $55    B. $82.5     C. $100     D.$110

57. Why would it be thought unacceptable not to tip a waiter in the US?

   A. They enjoy getting tips from their customers.

   B. They work harder than waiters in other countries.

   C. They are greedier than waiters in other countries.

   D. They earn most of their money from diners’ tips.

完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）

         請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble？Have you ever dreamed something that  36  later？Maybe you have ESP.

    ESP stands   37   Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called   38   sixth sense. It seems to let people  39   about events before they happen, or events  40   are happening some  41  away.

    There are thousands of stories on  42  . Scientists are studying  43   to find out what’s behind these  44   mental messages. Here’s an example, one of hundreds of  45   that have come true.

    A man dreamed he was walking along a road  46   a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, “There’s room for one more.” The man felt the driver was Death,   47  he ran away. The next day, the  48   was getting on a crowded bus. The bus driver said, “There’s room for one more”. Then the man saw that the driver’s face was the same face he  49   in the dream. He would not  50  the bus. As the bus drove off, it  51  crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was  52  ！

    Some people say stories like this are lies or  53  . Others, including some scientists,  54  that ESP is real. From studies of ESP, we may someday learn more about  55  mind.

36. A. came true               B. came across         C. came on            D. came up

37. A. up                      B. for                  C. by                 D. out

38. A. a                   B. the                         C. an                 D. this

39. A. knowing                  B. to know           C. know             D. known

40. A. that                    B. what               C. in which             D. as

41. A. orbit                    B. distance                    C. position           D. spot

42. A. demand                 B. board                       C. sale              D. record

43. A. them                   B. it                  C. those              D. him

44. A. certain                       B. bright              C. strange              D. successful

45. A. tasks                   B. results            C. expressions        D. dreams

46. A. when                   B. while             C. where               D. which

47. A. or                     B. but                         C. so                   D. and

48. A. driver                  B. captain             C. woman             D. man

49. A. has seen               B. had seen          C. saw                 D. sees

50. A. get on                 B. take off             C. make of               D. have on

51. A. immediately              B. quickly              C. finally                 D. suddenly

52. A. saved                  B. killed               C. preserved             D. examined

53. A. projects                 B. discoveries          C. organizations        D. coincidences

54. A. speak                  B. talk                C. say                  D. tell

55. A. the human             B. the westerner           C. the Egyptian             D. the candidate

How can you create a great science fair project？．You can start by asking yourself some

questions．

What is interesting to me?

You can connect ainroot any topic to science, Your topic could be plants, worms,dogs，the sky or something else．If you can not think of a topic，search books or the Internet for ideas .Seek help from your teacher or a librarian．Your parents may have some good thoughts too．

What question do I have about this topic?

A great science project always includes an experiment．Make sure that your question can be

answered through an experiment．Here are some examples of questions：Does the amount of light have an effect on how fast plants grow？How much salt is in different kinds of cookies sold at the store? Why does the sky change color at different times of the day?

How much time do I have before the scienc fair?

A great science project always includes an experiment. Make sure that your question can be answered throuth an experiment, Here some examples of questions,Does the amount of light have an effect on how fast plants grow? How much salt is in different kinds of cookies sold at the store? Why does the sky change color at different times of the day?

How much time do I have before the science fair?

A science fair to be held in two weeks will not give you time for some experiments ,such as growing plants, carefully plan your project so that you allow enough time to perform your experiment accrately.

What do I think is the answer to my question?

Why do I think this? The answer you choose is your hypothesis,You will prove it right or wrong by perfoming an experiment,. If you were to think about the sky question, your hypothesis might be that the color of the sky is related to the position of the sun,

How can I prove my hypothesis?

This is where the experiment comes in．You have to test your hypothesis．If you wanted to find out how light affects plant growth，you could plant seeds in a number of containers．Then you could expose the plants to different amotmts of light and compare the growth rates．

How can I present my results?

You might display your question and hypothesis on poster boards．You might then add pictures and graphs．A great science project also states a conclusion．A conclusion of the plant experiment might be The plants that got the most light grew the fastest．

When you have finished your project，you may have more questions．A great science project makes you want to learn even more．

64．A great science project always includes            ．

A．plants in pots                B．results

C．a(chǎn)n experiment               D．poster boards

65．A hypothesis is a(n)        ．

A．question           B．idea          C．performance         D．proof

66．We can learn from the passage that            ．

A．a(chǎn)ll science projects take about the same amount of time

B．a(chǎn) science project involves several steps

C．a(chǎn) science project should start with a conclusion

D．a(chǎn) science project raises many questions

67．To find out whether cold water freezes faster than hot water,you would first       ．

A．make a chart to explain your steps

B．state your conclusion to convince other people    ，

C．think of an experiment to give an answer

D．display your hypothesis to prove

 Mr. Smith stood beside the window, his attention ____ the car outside. 

A. focus on   B. focusing upon C. focused on  D. been focused on 

____ he’s only been learning English for a year, he speaks it very well.

A. Considered                     B. Considering

C. Having considered              D. To consider

Don’t worry. I’ll have it _____ and get someone _____ it to you tomorrow.

　A. typed; send  B. to type; to send C. type; send  D. typed; to send

_____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.

A. Having stolen  B. Having been stolen C. Stolen       D. Stealing

Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.

A. listened to the radio                                              B. reading magazines  

C. watch TV                                                                            D. plays tennis

It ____ Jack twenty minutes ____ the math problem yesterday.

A. took; to work out                                           B. takes; worked out  

C. has taken; work out                                      D. is taking; working out

The true value of life is not in ________, but ________.

A. how you get …that you give                B. which you got what you give

C. what you get …what you give                 D. what do you get…what do you give