Building a Greener Future

Year after year, Earth's precious resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Still people need materials to build new houses, office buildings and schools. There's only one solution to this problem: do more with less. That's what sustainable construction is all about. Advocates of sustainable construction believe the entire building process can be done without harming the environment, and by doing so, the earth is kept sustainable for future generations. To make these green buildings possible, however, the process must be implemented from the beginning.

Picture a city government that wants to build a green office building. The first thing these city planners would do is select a site with a small environmental impact. Ideally, they would choose a site that had already been developed, thus keeping the forests and grasslands protected.

Next, city planners would turn their attention toward the construction process. Only green materials could be used to build their office towers. These include wood, steel, and other materials that have been recycled from destroyed buildings. If possible, they have been manufactured, recovered, or resourced locally. The closer that these green materials are to the construction site, the less energy is wasted getting them to where they're needed.

Maintenance costs are the next important factors that need to be considered. City planners would design heating and cooling systems that use as little energy as possible. They would fit solar roof panels that will absorb the heat from the sun to power the building. Toilets and sinks designed to minimize water waste would be fitted throughout the building. These efficiencies don't just help to protect the environment; they can save money over the long run as well.

After all this was finished, the city planners would relax and maybe even throw a party. They have designed a building that was green at every step--the golden rule of sustainable construction.

1. 說明學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣與學(xué)習(xí)效果之間的關(guān)系；

2. 介紹一種好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣并提出養(yǎng)成該習(xí)慣的建議；

3. 描述同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣方面存在的問題并給出改進措施。

注意：詞數(shù)100左右，開頭語已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Tom,

I am really glad to receive your letter asking for some advice on how to develop good learning habits in learning English.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours.

John

【1】弘揚中華民族的美德，并不意味著我們不需要與時俱進。(mean)

【2】出于安全考慮，任何賬戶的密碼都應(yīng)該包括字母、數(shù)字和符號。(concern)

【3】盡管最后期限延長了一個月，研究團隊仍需調(diào)整策略，以便如期完成項目。(so that)

【4】很多醫(yī)生表情嚴肅說著難懂的術(shù)語，但張醫(yī)生是個例外，他做事腳踏實地，話語淺顯幽默，贏得了公眾的認可。(whose)

Confused by the new【3】(surround), he was hit by the lack of fresh air. He chose a hovering carriage driven by computer and【4】(begin) to move【5】(swift). There were【6】 many carriages that he lost sight of Wang Ping. He【7】(sweep) up into the center of them. At last Li Qiang caught sight of them. Arriving at home, he was surprised【8】(see) tree leaves around the house and provided the house【9】 much-needed oxygen. After a good dinner, Li Qiang felt【10】(exhaust), so he slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.

1. 提出邀請；

2. 介紹泰山；

3. 說明游玩的時間和安排。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear Mr. Smith,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Dehydration

The most common cause of sunken eyes is dehydration, or not having enough water in the body. Consuming too much coffee, soda, and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine, which may lead to dehydration.

Vitamin shortages

Shortages of vitamin C, vitamin K, and iron can cause eyes to become sunken. Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising, while vitamin K is responsible for blood thickening, the lack of which may cause unhealthy skin. Easy bruising and unhealthy skin will result in sunken eyes.

Weight loss

Most people tend to lose weight in their face first. Sometimes, the weight loss is sudden enough to make blood vessels below the eyes easy to see, and the skin clear, producing the appearance of sunken eyes. Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages, which can lead to sunken eyes.

Not enough sleep or poor-quality sleep can cause sunken eyes and a person’s DNA or the habit of smoking can also contribute to sunken eyes. Most cases of sunken eyes relate to the quality of an individual’s nutrition and healthy living. When these causes are corrected, sunken eyes can be resolved without further treatment. This means that causes can be avoided or treated in good time to prevent the recurrence of sunken eyes.

【1】What can we do to prevent dehydration according to the text?

A.Have certain drinks less.B.Refuse coffee.

C.Drink more water.D.Say no to soft drinks.

【2】What will lead to bruising below the eyes?

A.Lack of vitamin K.B.Water shortages.

C.Lack of vitamin C.D.Nutritional shortages.

【3】Which of the following should be avoided for people losing weight?

A.Pale faces.B.Sudden weight loss.

C.Clean skin.D.Narrow blood vessels.

Most paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow (發(fā)光）－in-the-dark paint.

Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive. 【1】 His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees, horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors, but it often appears to be the source of the light. 【2】

Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way of adding a little light to the world.

Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti. 【3】Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness. Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness.

A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure. 【4】With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light.

A.In addition to painting on canvas, Crisco also paints on musical instruments.

B.However, no matter what the scene is, none of the paintings focus on the darkness.

C.His paintings take you on an unknown adventure into an unknown space, reminding you to be alert and brave.

D.Through the use of glowing paint, he brings a sense of magic and energy to the scenes that he creates.

E.Studies have shown that expressing themselves through art can help people with depression and anxiety.

F.As a self-taught artist, he found his passion for art at a dark time in his life when he found himself suddenly out of work.

It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem , by observing our own behavior .We can be strangers to ourselves .If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes .Actually , we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.

Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that weren't there before .Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize .Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't .Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us .We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.

Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance (符合) with their true desires .Therefore , we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”

【1】According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to___.

A. determine one's behavior

B. reflect one's taste

C. influence one's surroundings

D. result from one's habits

【2】Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?__

A. The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty.

B. A kind person will offer his seat to the old.

C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.

D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee.

【3】What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?___

A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions.

B. We can be influenced by outside pressures.

C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires.

D. Our characters can shape our social relationships.

【4】What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?___

A. Personalities and attitudes.

B. Preferences and habits.

C. Behavior and personalities.

D. Attitudes and preferences.

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

It’s been a long time before I left my hometown. I remember it was the beautiful place with an excellent environment, and people there were very kind-hearted. Last weekend, I make a call to a friend living there, but he sent me some pictures of the city by e-mail.

From the photo, I can see that great changes have been taken place there. For example, the streets have become wide, and the buildings higher. Beside, the people are dressed modern clothes. Several modern shopping malls are being built.

My hometown has changed very greatly that I can hardly believe my eyes. I hope my hometown can become better and better in the future.

【1】Cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenient to our life.

【2】At no time I feel they were being unreasonable.

【3】Unlike you, I am not accustomed to tell lies.

【4】Three months before, I bought an e-book reader, which is light and handy.

【5】As a rule, doctors in the hospital are paid by hour.

【6】Our diet was largely consisted of vegetables.

【7】Fortunate, I was selected as one of the student representatives to pay a visit to your school.

【8】He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others.

【9】Her room was furnished with some old furnitures.

【10】In the past few days, he has recited several articles, two poems including.