“Selfie” (自拍) joins ranks of dictionary words.

In 2002, an Australian man went to his friend’s 21st birthday party. He got drunk, tripped on some steps and cut his lip. He took a picture of his injuries and shared it with his friends on an online forum. “And sorry about the focus,” he wrote, “it was a selfie.” That was the first recorded use of the word “selfie”, according to linguistic experts at Oxford Dictionaries.

On Nov 19, Oxford Dictionaries declared “selfie” Word of the Year for 2013, in honor of the term having taken over the world thanks to millions of smart phone self-portraits and the resulting shares on social media.

So what does the choice of the word say about our culture? Mary Elizabeth Williams, writing in Salon magazine, says the word reminds us that contemporary culture is defined by our narcissism(自戀).Megan Jackson from a local newspaper points out a selfie may only focus on appearance.

Selfies invite judgment based on appearance alone. What kind of cultural influence does this have on women? Erin Gloria Ryan on Jezebel says selfies teach young woman to obsess over their appearance and judge themselves on the basis of beauty rather than accomplishments. “They’re a reflection of the warped way we teach girls to see themselves as decorative,” said Ryan.

In Slate magazine, Rachel Simmons has the opposite view. She argues that selfies are an example of young women promoting themselves and taking control of their own self-presentation. Think of each one, she says, as “a tiny pulse of girl pride —a shout-out to the self”.

1.Which of the following is true about the first use of “selfie”?

A. The Australian man created it to celebrate his friend’s 21st birthday.

B. The Australian man created by chance when he got drunk and shared his photo online.

C. The Oxford Dictionary used it to thank the creation of smart phone.

D. The social media were so advanced that they made the word transmitted.

2.The underlined word “tripped” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.

A. traveled B. stepped lightly

C. fell down D. made mistakes

3.Who holds a positive opinion towards selfie in the life of women?

A. Mary Elizabeth. B. Megan Jackson.

C. Erin Gloria Ryan. D. Rachel Simmons.

4.The text is mainly concerned with ________.

A. the introduction of the word “selfie”

B. the choice of the word “selfie”

C. the history of the word “selfie”

D. the characteristics of the word “selfie”

People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States, but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs (病菌) , a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country.

Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”

Carrico said, “It’s certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be way too hot for you to tolerate.”

Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no evidence that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40°F (4.4°C) appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water, if hands were scrubbed, rinsed（沖洗）and dried properly.

Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carrico’s team calculated a significant impact on the planet.

“Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear unimportant, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually,” she said.

The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.

1.What’s the meaning of what Carrico told National Geographic in the second paragraph?

A. People are more concerned about their health and begin to wash their hands.

B. It’s important for people to wash their hands to keep healthy.

C. Generally, people’s hand washing behaviors and perceptions are not correct.

D. People like washing their hands very much.

2.The figures in the sixth paragraph are used to show that __________.

A. using hot water to wash hands has a bad influence on our planet.

B. air pollution has become more and more serious.

C. using hot water to wash hands is a waste of energy.

D. people should pay more attention to the environment around us.

3.This passage is organized in the pattern of __________.

A. fact and opinion B. cause and effect

C. definition and classification D. time and events

4.What can we learn from the passage?

A. It’s necessary and useful for people to wash their hands frequently every day.

B. We can wash our hands with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature.

C. Using cold water to wash hands is necessary and much healthier.

D. Hot water can’t kill germs.

閱讀下面短文。從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

It was in my high school science class. I was doing a task in front of the classroom with my favorite shirt on. A came. "Nice shirt," I smiled from ear to ear. Then another voice said, "That shirt belonged to my dad. Greg's mother works for my family. We were going to that shirt away, but gave it to her ." I was speechless. I wanted to hide.

I my shirt in the back of the closet and told my mom what had happened. She then dialed her , "I will no longer work for your family," she told him. That night, Mom told my dad that she couldn’t clean anymore; she knew her life's was something greater.

The next morning she with the personnel manager at the Board of Education. He told her that without a proper education she could not teach. So Mom decided to a university.

After the first year in college, she went back to the personnel manager. He said, "You are , aren't you? I think I have a for you as a teacher's assistant. This opportunity deals with children who are mentally challenged with little or no chance of .” Mom accepted the opportunity very .

For almost five years, as a teacher's assistant, she saw teacher after teacher give up on the children and quit, feeling . Then one day, the personnel manager and the principal in her classroom. The principal said, "We have watched how you the children and how they communicate with you and admire your hard-working over the last five years. We are all in that you should be the teacher of this class."

My mom spent more than 20 years there. her career, she was voted Teacher of the Year. All of this came about because of the comment made in my classroom that day. Mom showed me how to handle __ situations and never give up.

1.A. noise B. voice C. sound D. tune

2.A. get B. take C. carry D. throw

3.A. otherwise B. anyhow C. instead D. actually

4.A. settled B. pushed C. sent D. stuck

5.A. teacher B. employer C. director D. adviser

6.A. purpose B．encouragement C．a(chǎn)chievement D．victory

7.A. went B．met C．worked D．stayed

8.A. visit B. continue C. attend D. prepare

9.A. serious B. cautious C. careful D. responsible

10.A. career B. duty C. position D. part

11.A. learning B. judging C. obeying D. imagining

12.A. patiently B. eagerly C. successfully D. skillfully

13.A. upset B. frightened C. guilty D. ashamed

14.A. looked up B. went up C. took up D. showed up

15.A. believe B. protect C. treat D. receive

16.A. spirit B. intention C. action D. attempt

17.A. discussion B. argument C. disagreement D. agreement

18.A. At B. During C. On D. With

19.A. worthless B. thoughtless C. hopeless D. helpless

20.A. challenging B. different C. dangerous D. strange

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Louis invited his friends to lunch one day. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1. (find) that he had run out of salt. So Louis called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 2. too little.”

His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 3. not save a bit of money?”

“That would be a very 4. (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Louis said.

Louis’s guests, 5. had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could. Louis replied, “The only reason why a man would sell sale 6. a lower price would be that he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7.__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it”

“But such a small thing couldn’t 8. (possible) destroy a village.”

“In the beginning, there was only 9. very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10. (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)

假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)∧，并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線\劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)詞下面劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

My cousin Li Ming is a senior three student, who devoted himself to his lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usual, he went to several class. In the evening, he continued to study at home until deeply into the night. He was too sleepy and tired that he couldn’t work effectively. In Sunday morning, he was about to do his lessons while his father came up and advised him to take a break. Soon they came up a good idea. They decided to go cycling in the countryside. Li Ming enjoyed himself competing and chatting with his father and felt relaxing in the open air. On Monday, Li Ming was energetic and active in class. He spent a whole day in the country, and Li Ming said what he had done was worth.

A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love (早戀) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.

The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “l(fā)oss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “l(fā)ose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “l(fā)oss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They won’t tell that to their parents.

Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.

Parents should watch for signs of depression -- eating or mood changes -- and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.

1. Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

A. Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.

B. Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.

C. Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.

D. Careless parents whose children are deep in love.

2.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

B. Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.

C. Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.

D. Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.

3. What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love?

A. Confused B. Disinterested

C. Scared D. Disapproving

4.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Puppy love may bring young people depression.

B. Parents should forbid their children’s love.

C. Romance is a two ? edged sword for adults.

D. Romance is good for young people.

Honesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often leaves us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week.

Researchers at UK’s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology department’s coffee room.

They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the price for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of tea were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby.

The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and changed each week between pictures of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung.

“We were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.

Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual (知覺的) signal for humans, scientists say.

“Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.

Researchers believe the effect throws light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “There’s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we’re being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said.

The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to, Bateson said.

The finding could be put to practical use. For example, images of eyes could ensure ticket sales on public transport and improve surveillance(監(jiān)視) systems to deter anti-social behavior.

1.In the experiment, a poster was hung above the money box to ________．

A. give a harmonious atmosphere

B. remind people the drinks were not free

C. prove the actual effect of different pictures

D. see how honest people are in different situations

2.From the result of the experiment, we can conclude that ________．

A. people might pay more for the drinks at the image of gazing eyes

B. people may be dishonest when no one is watching them

C. no one would pay for the drink unless they are told to

D. just a image of flowers is not enough to remind people to pay for a drink

3.What is the best title for the passage?

A. You're being watched!

B. Pay for your drink, please!

C. Mind your behavior in public!

D. Look out for electronic surveillance equipment!

4.Which of the following English proverbs can be best used at the beginning of the passage?

A. Once a thief, always a thief

B. Lies have short legs

C. Honest is the best policy

D. An honest look covers many faults

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上的） and physically.

Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.

1. From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.

A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potential

B. people are fed up with diet products

C. people have difficulty in choosing diet products

D. diet products are misleading people

2. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.

A. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods

B. pay attention to their own eating habits

C. watch their weight rather than their diet

D. try out a variety of diet foods

3.The purpose of writing this passage is _________.

A. to warn people of the side effect of diet products

B. to tell people how to lose weight

C. to advise people to eat diet products

D. to introduce some diet products

4.Which of the following shows the structure（結(jié)構(gòu)） of the passage?

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要點(diǎn)) C: Conclusion

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中的兩項(xiàng)為多途選項(xiàng)。

What is a big dream ? 1.________ Or , is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.

The Self

Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It’s there for protecting and should be listened to. 2.________ Most people are influenced by the inside voice. That’s why only a handful of people make their dream come true.

3.________

Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.

The World

If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 4. ________ In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.

The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well.

5.________

A. Family and Friends

B. How Big Dreams Die

C. Does a big dream show one’s future ?

D. They simply fail until they succeed.

E. It is the last and the most terrible barrier.

F. Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong。

G. And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.

閱讀下面短文。從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Music to My Ears

Robby was 10 for his first piano lesson in my class. Much as he tried, he even the basic rhythm. However, he dutifully reviewed the pieces that I required. Over the months he tried and tried while I and encouraged him. At the end of each lesson he'd always say, "My mom's going to hear me play some day." it seemed hopeless. I only knew his mother from a ________as she waited in her aged car to pick him up. Then one day Robby stopped coming. I was secretly ________ that he stopped because of his lack of ability.

Weeks later I informed the students, including Robby, of the coming recital（獨(dú)奏）. To my

_ , Robby asked me if he could be included. I told him he really did not qualify because he had ________ out. He said his mom had been sick and unable to take him to lessons but he was still________. “I've just got to play!" he ________ . Something inside me let me allow him to. Then came the recital night. The gym was________ with parents. I put Robby up________ , thinking that I could save his poor performance through my “curtain closer（謝幕）.”

The recital went off smoothly. Then Robby came up on stage. His clothes were wrinkled and his hair was ________ . "Why didn't his mother at least make him comb his hair for this special night?" I thought. Robby pulled out the piano bench and began. I was not________for what I heard next. His fingers were ________ on the keys. Never had I heard Mozart played so well by people of his age. After he ended, everyone was ________ their feet in wild applause. In ________I ran up on stage and put my arms around Robby. "I've never heard you play like that, Robby! How did you ________ it?" Robby explained, "Well, Miss Hondorf…remember I told you my mom was sick? …________ she had cancer and passed away yesterday. She was born deaf, so tonight she could hear me play in heaven. I wanted to make it special."

There wasn’t a ________ eye in the house. That night I felt he was the teacher and I was the pupil, for it was he who taught me the meaning of perseverance(毅力) and ________ .

1.A. lacked B. had C. showed D. got

2.A. listened B. learned C. checked D. played

3.A. And B. But C. So D. Or

4.A. conversationB. performanceC. distanceD. picture

5.A. guilty B. sad C. anxious D. glad

6.A. relief B. surprise C. pleasure D. satisfaction

7.A. stepped B. worn C. run D. dropped

8.A. acting B. performing C. practicing D. recording

9.A. insisted B. suggested C. complained D. threatened

10.A. lined B. packed C. piled D. filled

11.A. least B. most C. first D. last

12.A. mess B. mass C. neat D. dull

13.A. eager B. concerned C. prepared D. grateful

14.A. hesitatingB. dancing C. touching D. crawling

15.A. over B. under C. in D. on

16.A. chaos B. tears C. silence D. return

17.A. find B. feel C. make D. like

18.A. GraduallyB. Suddenly C. Frequently D. Actually

19.A. dry B. curious C. brightD. wet

20.A. regret B. talent C. love D. courage