Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experi­ment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention to class.
Opposite to(與.....相反) what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.
小題1:During the test, those who were tested were given ________.

A．no breakfast at all

B．very rich breakfast

C．little food for breakfast

D．different breakfast or none

小題2:The results of the test show that ________.

A．breakfast has great effect on work and studies

B．breakfast has little to do with a person’s work

C．a(chǎn) person will work better if he has a simple(簡(jiǎn)單的) breakfast

D．those working with brains needn’t have anything for breakfast

小題3:The passage mentions that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will _________.

A．lose weight

B．not lose weight

C．be healthier

D．gain a lot of weight

小題4:Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

A．Poor breakfasts affect those who work with brains.

B．Eating nothing in the morning may cause one to get fatter.

C．Reducing lunch and supper is of less use in weight losing.

D．Eating less in lunch and supper may help to lose weight.

“You'll have to take care of the baby today,” a woman told her husband. "I'm not feeling well."
"Then you must stay in bed and rest, dear" her husband said. "I'll be pleased to look after our baby." "By the way, shall I do the shopping for you as well?” her husband asked.
The woman was very glad and said, "That will help me very much. I'll give you a list of things to buy"
She wrote out the list and gave it to him.
The man took the baby to the supermarket and put him in the shopping cart. Then he pushed the shopping cart along the rows of things and looked for those that were on his list.
At first everything was OK, but then the baby began to cry.
Then he started to scream.
And scream!
And SCREAM!
“Keep calm, George,” the man said. “Don’t get excited. Don’t shout, George. Don’t lose your temper, George.”
A woman in the supermarket heard him saying so. She walked up to him.
“I think you are wonderful,” she said. “You are so patient with your little George.”
“Madam,” the man said, “I’m George. He’s Edward.”
小題1:The man took care of the baby instead because his wife was      .

A．ill	B．busy doing housework
C．a(chǎn)ngry	D．going to buy things

小題2:The baby cried so hard       .

A．a(chǎn)t home

B．in the supermarket

C．in the street

D．in the car

小題3:When the baby was crying, the father kept taking to      for relaxing.

A．his baby

B．the woman

C．himself

D．George

小題4:The underlined sentence “Don’t lose your temper.” in this passage means“   ”.

A．become angry

B．shut up

C．walk on

D．calm down

Cholera is a water-borne disease that is spread through polluted water and food. Cholera is an illness caused by the bacterium. It produces a poison that causes a painless , watery diarrhea( 痢疾)  that can quickly lead to severe dehydration（脫水） and death if treatment is not given. Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days. When this illness does strike, more than 90% of the time is not severe and is difficult to tell from other types of diarrhea. Less than 10% of sick persons develop cholera with signs of moderate or severe dehydration.
A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium. The disease can spread rapidly in areas without the proper treatment of drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in dirty rivers and coastal waters. Shellfish eaten raw have been a source of cholera. Therefore, the disease is not likely to spread directly from one person to another.
Cholera can be simply and successfully treated by immediate replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhea. Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount. Antibiotics(抗生素) shorten the course and decrease the severity of the illness. To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food.
小題1:If a person infected with cholera less than 7 days，he would probably   .
A. die  B.  become sick  C remain healthy  D suffer from watery diarrhea
小題2:Which statement is true according to the passage?
A Cholera can spread directly from one person to another.
B. Eating raw food can help stop cholera.
C. Cholera is caused by watery diarrhea.
D. Polluted water and food can help spread cholera.
小題3: Cholera can be treated by         .

A．replacing the blood in the body.

B．eating a lot of water mixed with sugar and salt and using antibiotics.

C．eating a large amount of sugar and salt

D．drinking a lot of water and eating a large amount of food.

小題4:In order to avoid cholera, people should         .
A inject antibiotics     B eat the food thoroughly cooked
C eat raw food      D. avoid meeting other people

In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment.  There were few people on the earth,  and natural resources（資源） seemed to be    26 .
Today things are 27 , the world has become too   28  . We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are  29 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this,  human life on the earth will not   30 .
Everyone 31 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left.  Yet, with modern fishing  32  , more and more fish are caught.  We know that if too many trees are cut down,  33 will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we  34 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 35 more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. ___36,   in most countries wastes are 37  put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 38  laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the   39 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough food. What can we do to  40 these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and less   41 , there will be more food available for everyone.  Land that is used to grow crops   42 five times more people than land where animals are kept.  Our natural resources will  43 longer if we learn to recycle them.  The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 44   .
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner     45  in the future.

小題1:	A．beautiful B．unlimited C．rare D．valuable

小題2:	A．common B．the same C．changeable D．different

小題3:	A．crowded B．small C．dirty D．busy

小題4:	A．protecting B．saving C．polluting D．fighting

小題5:	A．breathe B．survive C．drink D．move

小題6:	A．wonders B．realizes C．considers D．discovers

小題7:	A．poles B．boats C．methods D．ideas

小題8:	A．mountains B．the sea C．trees D．forests

小題9:	A．continue B．stop C．keep D．go on

小題10:

A．grow B．plant C．save D．cut down

小題11:

A．Thus B．However C．But D．Therefore

小題12:

A．still B．even C．a(chǎn)lso D．certainly

小題13:

A．too many B．a(chǎn) few C．some D．few

小題14:

A．production B．pollution C．population D．pronunciation

小題15:

A．work B．deal C．solve D．serve

小題16:

A．fruit B．meat C．fish D．grain

小題17:

A．feeds B．increases C．supplies D．helps

小題18:

A．use B．stay C．keep D．last

小題19:

A．control B．born C．plan D．reward

小題20:

A．nature B．sea C．planet D．forest

For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. “Come on!” My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. “You’ll feel great.”
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I’m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet need a real pounding（追擊）running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn’t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn’t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, “I love being out there with just my thoughts” Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn’t just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn’t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don’t jog any more, and I don’t think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I’m getting exercise, and I’m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I’ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
小題1:From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer’s neighborhood ______.

A．jogging became very popular

B．people jogged only during the daytime

C．Alex organized an army of joggers

D．jogging provided a chance to get together

小題2:The underlined word “them”(Paragraph 3) most probably refers to _____.

A．heart attacks	B．Back problems
C．famous joggers	D．physical weaknesses

小題3:What was the writer’s attitude towards jogging in the beginning?

A．He felt it was worth a try.

B．He was very fond of it.

C．He was strongly against it.

D．He thought it must be painful.

小題4:Why did the writer give up jogging two months later?

A．He disliked doing exercise outside.

B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting.

C．He was afraid of having a heart attack.

D．He was worried about being left alone.

小題5: From the writer’s experience, we can conclude that______.

A．not everyone enjoys jogging

B．he is the only person who hates jogging

C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit

D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport.

Why do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.
According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.
Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation(attraction) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.
Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (諷刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.
These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.
小題1:What do most people think causes bad behavior?

A．Being forced by others.	B．Not having enough will power.
C．Enjoying their first experiences.	D．Following the examples of their friends.

小題2:The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.

A．will power helps develop bad habits sometimes

B．drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers

C．self-control should be developed when one is young

D．everyone can be challenged by different temptations

小題3:In the last paragraph, the author stresses(強(qiáng)調(diào)) that ____.

A．without self-control, no one can succeed

B．bad habits don’t always lead to bad results

C．a(chǎn)pplying self-control correctly is important

D．people can develop wisdom from bad behavior

小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?

A．My First Sip of Beer	B．Do You Have Will Power ?
C．Will Power Benefits Us	D．Dark Side of Self-control

A purple tomato genetically engineered to contain nutrients more commonly seen in dark berries helped cancer in mice, British researchers said on Sunday. The finding, published in the journal Nature Biotechnology, bolsters the idea that plants can be genetically modified(changed) to make people healthier.
Cancer-prone mice fed the modified fruit lived significantly longer than animals fed a standard diet with and without regular tomatoes, Cathie Martin and colleagues at
the government-funded John Innes Center in Britain reported. “The effect was much bigger than we had expected.” said Martin, a plant biologist.
The study focused on anthocyanins，a type of antioxidant found in berries such as blackberries and blackcurrants that have been shown to lower risk of cancer, heart diseases and some neurological diseases. While an easy way to improve health, many people don’t eat enough of these fruits, the researchers said. Using genes from the snapdragon flower, the researchers discovered they could get the tomatoes to make anthocyanins---- turning the tomato purple in the process.
Mice genetically engineered to develop cancer lived an average of 182 days when they were fed the purple tomatoes, compared to 142 days for animals on the standard diet. “It is greatly encouraging to believe that by changing diet, or specific components in the diet. You can improve health in animals and possibly humans.” Martin said in a telephone interview.
The researchers warned that trials in humans are a long way off and the next step is to investigate( look into) how the antioxidants actually affect the tumors to promote better health. But the findings do support the formal research suggesting that people can significantly improve their health by making simple changes to the daily diet, other researchers said.
“It’s exciting to see new techniques that could potentially make healthy foods even better for us.” said Doctor Lara Bennett, science information office at Cancer Research UK. “ But it is too early to say whether anthocyanins obtained through diet could help to reduce the risk of cancer.”
小題1:The text mainly tells us _________.

A．what can prevent people from having cancer.

B．Scientists have developed cancer- fighting tomato.

C．ways to live much longer have been found by scientists.

D．genetically engineered food is good for people’s health.

小題2:In the first paragraph the underlined word “ bolster” probably means _______

A．change

B．reduce

C．support

D．test

小題3:Which of the following was NOT the result found in the study?

A．Blackberries and blackcurrants can lower risk of cancer.

B．The anthocyanins can make the purple tomatoes grow stronger.

C．Genes from snapdragon flowers can be put into common tomatoes.

D．Mice fed the modified fruit lived longer than the common ones.

小題4:According to Dr. Lara Bennett, the effects of anthocyanins through diet on human being________

A．a(chǎn)re not certain now.

B．have been proved

C．a(chǎn)re very harmful

D．a(chǎn)re hard to be tested

The clock rules our lives. The more we try to save time, the less time we seem to have. In every area of our lives we are doing things faster. And many of us live in towns and cities which are getting noisier and more stressful as each day passes. But now a worldwide movement, whose aim is to slow life down, has started. Its supporters are people who believe that a happier and healthier way of life is possible.
The Slow Food movement was founded the day that an Italian journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that McDonald’s had opened a restaurant in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was sad that many people today live too quickly to sit down for a proper meal and only eat much fast food. He decided that he had to try to do something about it and so he started the Slow Food movement. Slow Food has become a global organization ever since and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook with traditional recipes.
The idea of Slow Cities was inspired by the Slow Food movement. The aim of Slow Cities is to improve people’s quality of life. Towns which want to become a Slow City have to reduce traffic and noise, increase the number of green areas, plant trees, build pedestrian zones, and promote local businesses and traditions. Now it has spread to other countries all over the world, from the UK to Japan and Australia. There are now 135 Slow Cities in 24 countries across the world that have been named since founding of the organization in 1999. Gao Chun County, in east China’s Jiangsu Province, is expected to be named the first “Slow City” in China next year.
“Slow Cities are about having a community life in the town,” said a local resident. “It is not ‘slow’ as in ‘stupid’. It is ‘slow’ as in the opposite of ‘worried’ and ‘stressful’.”
But not everybody is happy. For teenagers, who have to go 25km to Norwich, the nearest city, to buy CDs, living in a Slow City is not very attractive. “It’s all right here,” says Lewis Cook, 16. “But if you want excitement, you have to go to Norwich. We need more things here for young people.”
小題1:What’s the aim of the Slow Food movement?

A．To call on people to eat out.

B．To make people enjoy cooking.

C．To drive McDonald’s out of Rome

D．To encourage people to slow down.

小題2:All the following are necessary to be a Slow City EXCEPT ______.

A．reducing traffic and noise

B．increasing the number of green areas

C．building more department stores

D．promoting local businesses and traditions

小題3:From the fourth paragraph, we know that ______.

A．the Slow Food was founded in 1999

B．there is no Slow City in China now

C．Slow Cities are mainly in the UK

D．there are about 24 Slow Cities in the world

小題4:What’s Lewis Cook’s attitude to living in a Slow City?

A．Positive

B．Neutral

C．Negative

D．Indifferent

小題5:What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Slow down and you’ll move fast

B．Time flies never to be recalled.

C．Eat slowly and you’ll be healthy.

D．Pay attention to the quality of life.

A study led by Professor Mark Weiser of Tel Aviv University and the Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer Hospital has determined that young men who smoke are likely to have lower IQs than their non-smoking peers (同齡人). Tracking 18-to 21-year-old men enlisted in the Israeli army in the largest ever study of its kind, he has been able to demonstrate an important connection between the number of cigarettes young males smoke and their IQ.
The average IQ for a non-smoker was about 101, while the smokers’ average was more than seven IQ points lower, at about 94, the study determined. The IQs of young men who smoked more than a pack a day were lower still, at about 90. An IQ score in a healthy population of such young men, with no mental disorders(心理疾病), falls within the range of 84 to 116.
An addiction that doesn’t discriminate(歧視)
“In the health profession, we’ve generally thought that smokers are most likely the kind of people who have grown up in difficult neighborhoods, or who’ve been given less education at good schools,” says Weiser, whose study was reported in a recent version of the journal, Addiction, “But because our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor. The government might want to rethink how it arranges its educational resources on smoking.
Making the results more significant, the study also measured effects in twin brothers. In the case where one twin smoked, the non-smoking twin registered a higher IQ on average.
Although a lower IQ may suggest a greater risk for smoking addiction, the representing data on IQ and smoking found that most of the smokers investigated in the study had IQs within the average range, nevertheless.
In the study, researchers took data from more than 20,000 men before, during and after their time in the military. All men in the study were considered in good health, since pre-screening(篩選的)measures for suitability in the army had already been taken. The researchers found that around 28 percent of their samples smoked one or more cigarettes a day, 3 percent considered themselves ex-smokers, and 68 percent said they never smoked.
“People on the lower end of the average IQ tend to display poorer overall decision-making skills when it comes to their health,” says Weiser. He adds that his finding can help address serious concern among heath counsellors at grade and high schools.
小題1:The study led by Professor Mark Weiser shows that            .

A．the IQ of smoking males is lower than that of non-smokers

B．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of non-smokers

C．the IQ of smoking males is the same as that of non-smokers

D．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of female smokers

小題2:According to the passage, a smoking man’s IQ is most likely to be            .

A．101

B．94

C．80

D．120

小題3:What can be learned from the passage?

A．People in the military are more likely to become smokers than other people.

B．Most heavy smokers are found to have mental problems.

C．Socio-economic backgrounds have nothing to do with smoking behaviour.

D．People with lower IQs tend to be less good at controlling their addiction to smoking.

小題4:What is the meaning of the underlined part “An addiction that doesn’t discriminate”?

A．Smokers do not believe their IQ is affected by being addicted to smoking.

B．All people, no matter what their background, can become addicted to smoking.

C．Smoking is an addiction, and we must not discriminate against smokers.

D．The addiction to smoking is difficult to get rid of.

Recently, researchers in the US have carried out a study on laughing, one of the most natural characteristics of human behavior.
Jo-Anne Bachorowsky, a psychology professor at Vandebilt University, 36  a team of researchers who   37   a total of 11 short videos to 97 young adult volunteers in the US. They found that the participants produced a   38  of sounds when they laughed, 39  grunts(呼嚕聲) and snorts(哼聲).
The researchers found that some of the   40   were dependent   41  gender(性別). Men laughed with grunts and snorts more often than women,   42  women’s   43   was more song-like.
They also found that people’s laughter could change,   44  who they were with at the time. Whether they were with a man or a woman and   45  person was a friend or a   46   both played a part in laughter.
The researchers found that women’s laughter was very high with a   47   pitch(音高) when they were with male strangers. And women taking   48   in the study laughed more often when they were with a male friend than when they were with a(n) 49   friend or a male stranger. But men laughed more freely with friends of either sex than with strangers of either sex.
Scientists believe that the   50   consumed in laughing 100 times is   51  to 15 minutes on an exercise bike. Another 52   of laughter is 53   it improves our mental health. Laughter reduces our levels of stress. It also helps us   54   serious illness.
  55  ,we think laughter can make us feel good.

小題1:	A．got B．led C．undertook D．worked

小題2:	A．returned B．provided C．showed D．read

小題3:	A．part B．case C．bit D．range

小題4:	A．including B．containing C．having D．possessing

小題5:	A．ways B．differences C．studies D．columns

小題6:	A．on B．of C．with D．from

小題7:	A．that B．when C．while D．how

小題8:	A．cry B．sound C．voice D．laughter

小題9:	A．depending on B．to depend on C．depend on D．depended on

小題10:

A．other B．the other C．a(chǎn)nother D．others

小題11:

A．passers-by B．relative C．stranger D．teacher

小題12:

A．same B．similar C．various D．changeable

小題13:

A．a(chǎn)ction B．part C．exercise D．duty

小題14:

A．male B．young C．old D．female

小題15:

A．food B．energy C．pressure D．memory

小題16:

A．short B．easy C．equal D．good

小題17:

A．way B．content C．intention D．benefit

小題18:

A．why B．that C．how D．because

小題19:

A．fight B．remove C．break D．deal

小題20:

A．All along B．All the same C．In summary D．After all