Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Tennis players call that ”being in the zone.” Educators call it “automaticity”.

   A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he doesn’t have to think about decoding the words, so he can concentrate on the meaning of the text.

   It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois Schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary.

   “It’s not I.Q. but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity,” according to Rossman. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will in all likelihood reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favor of reading.

   You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud—something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expressions, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads haltingly, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.

13．The first paragraph tells us            .

A．what automaticity is                    B．how accuracy is acquired

C．how a child learns to walk               D．how an athlete is trained

14．The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader’s high speed         .

A．costs him a lot of work            B．a(chǎn)ffects his comprehension

C．leads to his future success         D．doesn’t affect his comprehension

15．A bright child          .

A．a(chǎn)lso needs practice to be an automatic reader

B．a(chǎn)lways achieves great success in comprehension tests

C．becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read

D．is a born automatic reader

16．The main idea of the passage is           .

A．how to score high on comprehension tests

B．reading is the key to school success

C．how to test your child’s reading ability

D．a(chǎn)utomaticity is important for efficient reading

13---16    ADAD  


解析:

本篇文章的話題是兒童閱讀，第一段引出閱讀‘自動(dòng)性’，第二段指出‘自動(dòng)性’能使兒童閱讀集中在文章意思上。第三段舉例佐證。第四段指出兒童如何獲得閱讀自動(dòng)性。

13．A  段落大意歸納題。第一段最后一句是主題句。

14．D  細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句得知。

15．A  細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由第四段第一句推出。

16．D  綜合歸納題。閱讀通篇文章后得知，文章說(shuō)得是自動(dòng)性對(duì)于有效的閱讀很重要。

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