Question

12．In the United States，there were some well-constructed houses for native Indians，ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo．
  In the eastern United States，one of the existing types was that commonl y know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived．The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends，made by bending young trees to form the round shape．Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather．Over the bark dried grass was added．A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top．Doorways at each end served also as windows，The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages．The wall had only one opening，They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near．
  Interestingly，the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive（原始的） construction，but different from those of the Iroquois Indians．The Choctaw Indians'wigwams，made from mud，cane and straw，were in the form of a bee-hive．The covering was made of a long，tough grass．A post in the centre supported the roof．A hole in the top admitted the light，and allowed the smoke to pass out．
  The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground，tied together near the top，and covered with bark and grass in the lake country．It was easily portable，and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour．
  The Pawnee，Mandan and other Indian tribes （部落） along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk，covered with earth and dried grass，housing a dozen families．
  The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass．
  Apart from the regular housing，almost every tribe had some style of housing．

52．Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？A
53．According to the passage，the Pawnee Indians built their housesB．
A．with openings in the trunk walls    B．large enough for several families 
C．in a ring shape with bark and mud   D．by bending young trees t o form the shape
54．All the native Indian houses d escribed in the passage wereB．
A．of the same shape            B．covered with grass 
C．built with a post in the centre   D．built with doorways at each end
55．The passage suggests thatC
A．a(chǎn)ll the native Indians built trunk walls all around their houses 
B．a(chǎn)ll the native Indian houses were built with poles tied together
C．the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams
D．the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends．

Answer 1

分析 本篇文章為記敘文．主要講述了美國的土著居民印第安人的房屋結(jié)構(gòu)和建房特點，展示了美國當(dāng)?shù)厝说木幼∥幕��?/p>

解答 52．A    細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段第二句"The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straightsides and ends…．"可知，這些小棚屋的四邊和底部是直邊，頂部像四輪馬車，是由小樹彎曲形成圓頂而組成，因此圖片A符合題意，故選A．
53．B    細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第五段中"The Pawnee，Mandan and other Indian tribes…h(huán)ousing a dozen families．"可知，波尼，曼丹和其他印第安部落（部落）沿著密蘇里與地球和干草覆蓋軀干，建立了堅實的環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu)，可容納十幾戶人家，故選B．
54．B    細節(jié)理解題．文章中出現(xiàn)的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可至少的東西．由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草蓋著．故B項正確．
55．C    推理判斷題．根據(jù)第二段最后一句"They could quickly close this opening if theirenemies came near．"可以推斷出，the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的時候把自身的安全考慮在內(nèi)了．因此可推斷出C項．

點評 解答細節(jié)理解題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案
推理判斷題 既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點．