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Mary is digging in the ground for a photo, when along comes John．Seeing that there is no one in sight, John starts to scream．John’s angry mother rushes over and drives Mary away．Once his mum has gone, John helps himself to Mary’s potato．

We’ve all experienced similar annoying tricks when we were young—the brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him．But Mary and John are not humans．They’re African baboons(狒狒)．___1.__

John’s scream and his mother’s attack on Mary could have been a matter of chance, but John was later seen playing the same tricks on others．__2.__

Studying behavior like this is complicated but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated．__3.___ An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting．When she found nothing, she “walked back, hit me over the head with her hand and ignored me for the rest of the day．”

Another way to decide whether an animal’s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal．A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy．“He slowly stole up behind the other ape, walking on tiptoe．When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, then ran indoors．” Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe．____4.__ But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying．

It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies．___5.__ Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence．

A．In most cases the animal probably doesn’t know it is cheating．

B．An amusing example of this comes from a psychologist working in Tanzania．

C．And playing tricks is as much a part of monkey behavior as it is of human behavior．

D．So the psychologists asked his colleagues if they had noticed this kind of trickery．

E．The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use of tools

F．This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks commonly used by baboons．

G．Of course it’s possible that it could have learnt from humans that such behavior works, without understanding why．

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請閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Is there clear boundary between science and the liberal arts as a major for college students? The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education is not an either / or proposition (命題), although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths) -related fields can make it seem that way．

The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also stresses that the study of the humanities (人文學(xué)科) and social sciences must remain central elements of America’s educational system at all levels．Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (創(chuàng)新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides．

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B．They improve students’ communication skills.

C．They broaden students’ range of interests.

D．They benefit students in their future life．

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A．The academic value of the courses.

B．Their interest in relevant subjects.

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D．The quality of education to receive.

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參考詞匯：剃須刀shaver

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Dear Charles，

_________________________________________________________________________

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完形填空

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2. 字?jǐn)?shù)不能少于100；

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Dear Zhang Hua,

I’m happy to have received your letter. Now I’m writing to express my thanks for your care and tell you something about my study and life.

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閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

A group of frogs were travelling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw 1.deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as dead. The two frogs didn’t listen to the others and tried to jump out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept 2.(tell) them to stop. Finally, one of the frogs heard what the other frogs were saying and 3.(give) up, so he died.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆河南三門峽陜州中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期尖子生專題訓(xùn)練英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

A tender woman, or an independent one, which one would you prefer? A recent research shows that most people would choose the latter.

This type of woman is called a nühanzi (“tough woman”). Experts believe these characteristics have social and psychological roots among young females in China. Su Hao’s friends all call her a tough woman, because she can finish tough tasks usually carried out by men. For example, she carries 10-litre water to her dormitory on the 5th floor. “I depend on no one but myself,” she says.

According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, tough women have become rather common in society. Of the 21,265 respondents, 78.5 percent said they are familiar with a tough woman. About 50 percent said they like women with tough characteristics, while less than 29 percent expressed the opposite view.

Why are tough women gaining popularity? Shen Meng, a psychological consultant, believes the fierce competition in society is contributing to this trend. “Women are often in a disadvantaged position compared to men,” Shen says. “In order to survive, they have to be independent, strong and tough.” Liu Xiaolin, professor of psychology at Wuhan Mental Health Center, believes tough women are brought up this way. They are often on close relationship with their fathers, who teach their daughters to be brave and decisive,” he says. As a result, these women are more likely to be psychologically healthy and more tolerant to stress, according to Liu.

Though Liu believes that this is a good trend, Hu Shenzhi, a psychologist at the Guangdong Sunflower Counseling Center, says the popularity of tough woman indicates an unclear line between gender identities, which can lead to relationship problems. “Some women with characteristics that differ from the traditional female image may have a difficult time finding Mr Right,” he says. “Even if they get married, their manly characteristics might cause family conflicts.

1.Which of the followings doesn’t belong to the characteristics of a tough woman?

A. She is independent of others in daily life.

B. She can solve problems usually for men.

C. She is more tolerant to stress.

D. She is soft and tender to others.

2.How many respondents like tough women?

A. about 21,265. B. about 16,700

C. about 10,600. D. about 6,200

3.Why are there more tough women nowadays?

A. Because tough women are more lovely.

B. Because of the fierce competition in society.

C. Because girls often love fathers more.

D. Because more women want to be independent.

4.What problems may tough women have in their life?

A. They may have difficulty with marriage.

B. They often suffer gender confusion.

C. It’s difficult for them to be friends.

D. They have different characteristics from traditional female images.

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