15.Having worked all day,most people find themselves(71)wishing(wish) for sleep.(72)Although/Thoughthe exact reasons why people sleep are still being debated,researchers (73)have come(come) up with a number of theories to explain the functions of sleep.First of all,sleep(74)is believed(believe)to give the body time to repair burned-out brain cells and make more of the special chemical that makes(75)itpossible for the brain to think.Another theory holds that sleep enables the body to save energy when we sleep.Because the body temperature is(76)lower(low),less energy is needed to create heat.This method of energy conservation may have helped people survive thousands of years ago(77)whenfood was hard to find.Sleep may also have helped humanity survive by keeping people(78)outof trouble.In prehistoric times,when many large predators(食肉動(dòng)物) hunted in darkness,the habit of sleeping at night helped prevent people form being an animal's dinner.Scientists also believe that sleep,in addition to being a survival method,is used to improve memory.It allows that brain (79)to forgetforget) or unlearn things that are not necessary,(80)otherwise/orthe mind would become filled with unneeded information.

分析 短文主要講述了科學(xué)家對(duì)睡眠的作用得出的一些理論.

解答 71.wishing,考查非謂語(yǔ),句中有find+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu),wish與其賓語(yǔ)themselves構(gòu)成主動(dòng)的關(guān)系,因此使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).            
72.Although/Though,考查連詞,前后句子構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系,因此使用連詞Though或Although. 
73.have come,考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境表示"科學(xué)家已經(jīng)想出一些理論"應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故答案為have come. 
74.is believed,考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,believe與主語(yǔ)sleep構(gòu)成被動(dòng)的關(guān)系,因此使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be done的形式.     
75.it,考查it用法,make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),句子的真正賓語(yǔ)是后面 for the brain to think,因此此處用it做形式賓語(yǔ).
76.lower,考查形容詞比較級(jí),此處把睡覺(jué)時(shí)的身體溫度跟平時(shí)的溫度對(duì)比,因此使用形容詞比較級(jí)lower.       
77.when,考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞,從句成分完整,先行詞thousands of years ago在從句里充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),因此使用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.        
78.out,考查固定搭配,keep…out of trouble"遠(yuǎn)離麻煩".  
79.to forget,考查固定搭配,allow sb.to do sth."允許某人做某事",因此使用動(dòng)詞不定式to forget.     
80.otherwise/or,考查連詞,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折,故使用otherwise/or"不然的話,否則".

點(diǎn)評(píng) 對(duì)于語(yǔ)法填空這類(lèi)題,一是懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),二是知道充當(dāng)各個(gè)句子成分的詞類(lèi)或詞性,從語(yǔ)法上確定答案,當(dāng)然,對(duì)于某些固定搭配也要牢記,在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要多積累這些詞匯或短語(yǔ),對(duì)于句子使用的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)也要通過(guò)語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行確定.

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