Showrooming

One of the biggest challenges facing brick-and-mortar retailers(實(shí)體零售店) in recent years has been the “showrooming”．Driven by the desire to get the best prices, many shoppers are now visiting brick-and-mortar stores to personally check on products that interest them, only to leave and then buy the items online．The new trend is forcing retailers to find out new ways to keep consumers from leaving their store for cheaper prices online.

Recent research found that 40 percent of U.S．shoppers have showroomed previously, with big-box retailers suffering the most．Specifically, the study shows that Best Buy, Walmart and Target are the most likely brick-and-mortar stores to have shoppers test out a product in-store and then purchase it online later, while Amazon is benefiting most from the practice, with nearly 60 percent of shoppers using the online retail giant(巨人) most often to make their showrooming purchases.

Smartphones have pushed showrooming into the front．Shoppers no longer have to wait until they get home to see if they can find a cheaper price for the products they’re considering buying．With smartphones, consumers can now compare virtual prices, at both other brick-and-mortar stores and online ones while still inside a retail store．If they can find what they’re seeking for less online, the majority will be seeking the first exit．A recent study showed that 45 percent of customers shopping at brick-and-mortar stores walk out and buy their purchase online for a discount of as little as 2.5 percent．

This puts pressure on retailers to provide both an in-store experience worth staying for and an online presence that can attract shoppers who are showrooming in other businesses.

To cut down on showrooming, many retailers are adopting new methods to keep shoppers in their stores．Among the steps they’re taking are price-matching guarantees that allow shoppers to pay a discounted price if they find it cheaper online．This ensures that even a showrooming shopper can make the purchase in the store—regardless of whether they find the cheaper price online.

Another popular method to fight against showrooming is to give shoppers the ability to buy something online and pick it up at the store．This reduces shipping costs and gets customers in the store, where they may be encouraged to make an additional purchase．

It is also important for businesses to take into consideration what makes shoppers purchase something in-store rather than online, and meet those needs．Research has found that more than 8 in 10 Americans consider being able to take the goods home immediately and the ability to touch and feel them—the most important aspects when deciding to purchase in a store rather than online.

1.According to the passage, a showrooming shopper tends to ______.

A． pay for everything online

B． have better bargaining skills

C． rush to buy things in a store

D． purchase online for a lower price

2.What contributes to the growing popularity of showrooming?

A． The wide use of smartphones．

B． The competition between big stores.

C． The advertisement by online retail giants.

D． The decline of the brick-and-mortar stores.

3.The underlined words “seeking the first exit” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A． searching for lower prices

B． leaving as soon as possible

C． locating the first exit quickly

D． making a purchase on the spot

4.The last three paragraphs mainly talk about ways of ______.

A． increasing sales at stores

B． preventing purchase online

C． satisfying customers’ needs

D． advising shoppers to buy more

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014-2015學(xué)年江蘇南京鹽城兩市高三一�？荚囉⒄Z(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

According to figures released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)，the U．K．has about 7．7 million families with dependent children，of which 3．7 million have just one child，compared to 3 million with two and 1．1 million with three children or more．The number of families today with just one dependent child is now 47 percent and will likely rise to more than 50 percent in a decade．As the ONS confirms，“It appears that families are getting smaller．”

One obvious reason for this could be that women are putting off having children until they have established careers when they are bound to be less fertile．But it could just as well be a matter of choice．Parents must consider the rising cost of living，combined with economic uncertainty and an increasingly difficult job market．And this trend may continue growing as having an only child becomes more normal，which seems to be the mood on the mothers’ online forum Mumsnet，where one member announced that she “just wanted to start a positive thread about how fab it is to have an only child”．

She had received 231 replies，overwhelmingly in the same upbeat spirit．Parents of only children insist there are plenty of benefits．Nicola Kelly，a writer and lecturer who grew up as an only child and is now a married mother of one，says her 15 year old son seems more grown up in many ways than his contemporaries．

Not all products of single child families are as keen to repeat the experience．In a moving recent account journalist Janice Turner wrote about her own keenness to “squeeze out two sons just 22 months apart”as a reaction to her only child upbringing．

She was placed on a pedestal by her doting parents，whom she punished with a “brattish，wilful” rejection of everything they stood for．Desperate for a close friend she was repeatedly shattered by rejection and refers to her childhood as being “misery”．

Writer and clinician Dr．Dorothy Rowe，a member of the British Psychological Society，says that we all interpret events in our own individual way and there are some children who no matter what their circumstances feel slighted，while other children see the advantages of their situation．

However，the one part of life that is unlikely to get any easier for only children is when they grow up and find themselves looking after their own parents as they become older．

1.The passage is written with the purpose of ________．

A． illustrating the strength and weakness of having an only child

B． analyzing the reasons why having an only child becomes popular

C． presenting us with different opinions about having an only child

D． guiding people to look at the same issue from different perspectives

2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean？

A． Nearly half of families intend to have just one child．

B． All people don’t stand for the idea of having an only child．

C． Some people fail to recognize the advantage of having an only child．

D． People brought up in an only child family resist downsizing the family．

3.From what Dr．Dorothy Rowe said，we know that ________．

A． journalist Janice Turner experienced a miserable childhood

B． she has a positive attitude towards Janice Turner’s reaction

C． it’s necessary for us to look at the event from our own angle

D． some are unable to make an objective assessment of their conditions

4.What can be inferred from the passage？

A． It’s normal to see the imperfection in character in only children．

B． Mumsnet is an online forum which promotes having an only child．

C． Economic development plays a determining role in the family size．

D． Only children will have difficulty in attending to their parents．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第三次診斷英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

In American schools there is something 1. (call) Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be 2. (important) event of the year except graduation ceremony——students plan Homecoming Day for many weeks in advance.

Several days before Homecoming，students start to 3. (beautiful)decorate the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team，and many other signs to welcome the graduates. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years 4. their graduations.

The members of school clubs build booths（攤位）and sell lemonade，apples and 5. (sandwiche). Some clubs help to welcome visitors.

During the day people like to 1ook for teachers 6. they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and talk about their happy years in school.

Everyone watches the football game. When the game is half over，the band（樂(lè)隊(duì)） 7. (come) onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students vote the most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is 8. honour to be chosen.

Homecoming is a happy day but it is not perfect 9. the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses，the students still enjoy Homecoming. Some stay at the school to dance and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day worth 10. (remember).

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年廣東惠州一中高二10月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Last spring, members of Alaska’s Troop 34, based in Fairbanks, trudged (跋涉) out into the snowy wilderness to take part in their state’s Take a Kid Trapping program. In many parts of the state, beavers （海貍）are pests and need to be controlled.

The 10－to－12－year－old girls found out where beavers lived, set traps, and skinned the two animals they caught. The girls hope to catch ten more beavers so that the entire troop can make mittens and hats with the fur. They also want to cook beaver meat.

Troop leaders and members say the Scouts are doing a good deed by helping control the state’s beaver population. But animal－rights activists say trapping is cruel. They want the Girl Scouts to stop in their tracks.

Beavers aren’t only causing a problem in Alaska. Residents in Sampson County, N.C. , have turned to a local committee to help them battle the growing beaver population there.

County landowners are frustrated after the county spent more than $ 50,000 in eight years trying to reduce the beaver population through a government program. The joint state and federal program included paying money to trappers for every beaver carcass they trapped.

Many local residents say that the program didn’t work because there were too few trappers. That’s why the county set up its own committee to investigate other ways to control the area’s beaver population.

The county will rely on its own beaver－trapping program. It has hired a trapper to set traps in various areas. The county will pay $10 for every beaver carcass.

Why do many people say that beavers are a nuisance? For beavers to survive, they need lots of water. Water provides the large rodent （嚙齒動(dòng)物）with a place to hide from meat – eating animals. Beavers also store food underwater for the winter. When there’s not enough water in a particular area, beavers get busy building dams.

Beaver dams can cause major flooding and damage to the surrounding countryside as the animals cut down trees to use in their construction projects. Beavers build canals to transport heavy objects.

1.What is Alaska’s Troop 34?

A．A team of the Boy Scouts. B．An army.

C．A team of the Girl Scouts. D．A sports team.

2.Why does the troop hope to catch ten more beavers?

A．To fulfill their task.

B．To sell them for money.

C．To get enough fur.

D．To exchange them for mittens and hats.

3.Which of the following statements is true?

A．Sampson County has to find a new way to control the beaver population there.

B．The government program in Sampson County has proved to be a success.

C．The local government has controlled the number of beavers in the County.

D．More and more trappers now start to set traps in Sampson County.

4.Local residents hate beavers because they can ___________.

A．cause damage to dams

B．block up canals with heavy objects.

C．do great harm to construction projects.

D．badly damage the environment and cause floods.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年吉林長(zhǎng)春市高二上學(xué)期期末測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business ．But he was not a good artist ．So he invented a very simple camera ．He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden ．That was the first photo．

The next important date in the history of photography (攝影術(shù)) was in 1837．That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room ．He used a new kind of camera in a different way． In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing． This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype．

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way． Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world ．people took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains．

In about 1840, photography was developed ．Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things ．That was not simple ．The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines． But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard．

Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer． He took many pictures of great people ．The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)

Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century ．Some photos were not just copies of the real world ．They showed feelings, like other kinds of art．

1.The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ____________

A． his business

B． his house

C． his garden

D． his window

2.The Daguerrotype was____________．

A． a Frenchman

B． a photographer

C． a kind of camera

D． a kind of picture

3.If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_________．

A． watch lots of films

B． buy an expensive camera

C． stop in most cities

D． take many films and something else with him

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016年北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Being Authoritative (由權(quán)威的) Parents

Phrases like “tiger mom” and ‘‘helicopter parent” have made their way into everyday language．Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort, we might turn out children with bright futures．But is there anything wrong with a kind of “overparenting style”?

Parental involvement has a long history of being studied． Many of the studies, conducted by Diana Baumrind, a famous psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way, who sets high expectations but gives her child independence．These “authoritative parents” appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved, or controlling and more involved． Why is this parenting style so successful?

Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children．Carol Dweck, a social psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children．In a typical experiment, Dr．Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle．Most do so with little difficulty．But then Dr．Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how clever they are．As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles．They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving．

As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence．Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as “smart”．Dr．Dweck’s work strongly supports that of Dr．Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results．

The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident．If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can’t walk, you reduce her confidence．Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting．It is easier when they are young．The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children．

1.According to the passage, a “tiger mom” ______．

A． helps her children realize their dreams

B． speaks her children’s everyday language

C． places reasonable expectations on her children

D． pays close attention to her children’s experiences

2.It is implied that controlling style of parenting may _____．

A． face more challenges of children

B． foster independence in children

C． cause more problems in children

D． lead to children’s academic success

3.The example of the children doing the puzzles suggests that ______．

A． a good game plays a big role in training young minds

B． overpraising makes children less motivated and confident

C． puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need

D． bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games

4.The last paragraph tells us that ______．

A． children should not be given much freedom

B． parents should not increase the risk of challenging

C． parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes

D． children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆江蘇省大豐市高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中（A、B、C和D），選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Eventually all suns will their fuel, explode and then become cold and dark．Matter itself will disappear and the universe will become for the rest of time．

This was the general drift of my thoughts as my wife and I my eldest son as a freshman at college．That moment at the dorm is at the kindergarten door, at the gates of summer camp, at every occasion of parting and ．But it comes surprising, taking what you most．

Our ancestors thought this parting should take place ．In many societies adolescents were sent away to live with friends or relatives right after adolescence．This was supposed to the conflicts that come from teenagers and their parents very near．

Eighteen years is not enough．The days pass uncounted, until they ．The adjustment is upsetting．My son is on the side --- observant, thoughtful, a practitioner of companionable silence．I know this is hard on him as well．He will be homesick．Among the greatest of college students is they won’t have a room at home to return to．

But with due respect to my son’s feelings, I have the of parting．I know something he doesn’t --- incomprehensible to the young．He is experiencing the that come with beginnings．His life is starting for real．I have begun the long letting go．Put another way: He has a wonderful future in which my part decreases．

I’m sure my father realized it at a(n) moment．And I certainly didn’t notice or understand．At first, he was a giant who held my hand and my sky．Then a middle-aged man who paid my bills．Now, decades after his passing, a much-loved ．But I can remember the last time I hugged him in his home, where I always had a room．I can only hope to leave my son the same．

My son, those days have been the greatest wonder and of my life．And there will always be a for you．

1.A． add B． use C． consume D． supply

2.A． empty B． boundless C． expanding D． hopeless

3.A． dropped out B． dropped off C． dropped in D． dropped back

4.A． delayed B． implied C． missed D． captured

5.A． reliance B． importance C． responsibility D． independence

6.A． wonder B． need C． value D． miss

7.A． before B． later C． afterwards D． earlier

8.A． minimize B． cause C． manage D． settle

9.A． drawing B． relating C． housing D． seating

10.A． come B． end C． break D． start

11.A． excited B． sad C． anxious D． quiet

12.A． fears B． pities C． reliefs D． pains

13.A． better B． pleasure C． worse D． benefit

14.A． comprehension B． recognition C． adjustment D． consideration

15.A． naturally B． sharply C． immediately D． suddenly

16.A． difficult B． critical C． important D． similar

17.A． filled B． cleared C． clouded D． broke

18.A． breadwinner B． shape C． guard D． shadow

19.A． pressure B． privilege C． substitute D． inspiration

20.A． house B． chance C． room D． dream

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014-2015學(xué)年山東滕州第二中學(xué)新校高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從短文后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Many theories regarding the causes of juvenile delinquency（crimes committed by young people）focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence．Theorieson the individual suggest that childrencriminal behavior before they were not sufficientlyfor previous misbehaviors or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others．Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes into their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status or as a rejection of middle-class values.

Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children fromfamilies，the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes．The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate control from parents．All，however，are uncertain or unimproved and are of course challenged with criticism.

Changes in the social structure may indirectlyjuvenile crime rates．For example，changes in the economy thatto fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain．This results inamong youths and may inlead more youths into criminal behavior.

Families have also experiencedthese years．More families consist of one parent households or two working parents；，children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family．This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates．Other noticeableof offensive acts includeexperience or failure in school，theavailability of drugs and alcohol，and the growing phenomenon of child abuse and child neglect．All these conditions tend to increase theof a child committing a criminal act，a direct cause and effect relationship has not yet been established.

1.A． centering B． depending C． figuring D． concerning

2.A． refer to B． know about C． engage in D． learn of

3.A． punished B． forgiven C． forgotten D． excused

4.A． return B． contact C． reference D． response

5.A． respected B． cultivated C． disadvantaged D． immigrated

6.A． considering B． ignoring C． highlighting D． believing

7.A． values B． misbehaviors C． criminals D． theories

8.A． affect B． reduce C． prevent D． reflect

9.A． point B． lead C． come D． add

10.A． in general B． on average C． by contrast D． at last

11.A． discomfort B． dissatisfaction C． dishonesty D． discrimination

12.A． case B． short C． turn D． return

13.A． failure B． miseries C． development D． changes

14.A． contrarily B． consequently C． similarly D． occasionally

15.A． education B． concept C． structure D． economy

16.A． suggestions B． causes C． ideas D． reports

17.A． smooth B． favorable C． unfavorable D． practical

18.A． increasing B． restricted C． reasonable D． popular

19.A． knowledge B． aspect C． strength D． probability

20.A． since B． although C． as D． because

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014-2015學(xué)年陜西西安曲江第一中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

I have reached a point in my life _____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.

A. which B. where C. how D. why

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