3.Parents often think that time spent with their kids will gradually decrease in adolescence.But a new study suggests that while teens try to avoid spending a lot of time together with their parents,private parent-child meetings may actually increase in their early adolescent years.And that may raise a teenager's self-esteem (自尊) and social confidence,especially if it is the time that spent with Dad,the researchers added.The researchers created a long-term study in which they invited families in 16school districts in central Pennsylvania to participate.In each family,a teenager,a younger sibling (兄弟姐妹),their mother and their father were interviewed at home and then asked about their activities and self-worth five times over a period of seven years.
The study authors were surprised to discover that when fathers spent more time alone with their teenagers,the kids reported they felt better about themselves.Something about the father's role in the family seemed to improve self-esteem among the teenagers in the study,said study co-author Susan McHale,a professor of human development at Pennsylvania State University.
"Time with Dad often involves joking,teasing,and other playful interactions.Fathers,compared to mothers,were more involved in leisure activities and had more peer-like interactions with their children,which is crucial for youth social development,"the study showed.But Marta Flaum,a psychologist in Chappaqua,New York,said,"How these findings reflect the real world is a real question.The sample in the study is so small and so unrepresentative of most families in the country today that I'm not sure how much we can generalize from it.In my community in Westchester County,I don't see parents and teenagers spend much time together at all.Parents are often working so hard and have less time to be together with their kids."
However,F(xiàn)laum encourages parents to make time for their kids no matter how much work they have to do."Research like this reminds us of how important it is.The time we have with them is so short,"she said.

28.According to the study,when teenagers spend more time alone with their fathers,A.
A.their social skills will be improved
B.their fathers will better understand them
C.they will be willing to help their siblings
D.their family members will spend more time together
29.What is Flaum'attitude towards the findings of the study?C
A.Unconcerned       B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Puzzled.
30.What does the underlined word"it"in the last paragraph refer to?D
A.The research by Susan McHale.
B.The work to be done.
C.Parents'encouragement.
D.The time parents spending together with their kids.
31.Where is the passage most likely to be taken from?B
A.Science magazine.B.A news report.C.A research plan.D.An advertisement.

分析 本文主要通過一系列的研究調查顯示與父親多相處的青少年能夠提高自尊心和自信.

解答 28.A.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)第一段最后一句"And that may raise a teenager's self-esteem(自尊) an social confidence,especially if it is time spent with Dad"以及第四段的第二句"had more friend-like interactions with their children,which is crucial for youth social development"可知,青少年多和父親單獨相處,他們的社交能力會提高.故選A
29.C 細節(jié)題.根據(jù)第五段的第二句"The sample in the study is so small and  so unrepresentative of more families in the country today that I'm not sure how much we can generalizing from it."和第三句"In my community,in Westchester County,I don't see parents and teenagers spending much time together at all."可知,F(xiàn)laum認為這項研究結果不能代表大多數(shù)美國家庭,她居住的社區(qū)里父母沒有時間和孩子們相處.由此可以判斷,她對這項研究結果持懷疑態(tài)度.結合選項,故選C
30.D 細節(jié)題.根據(jù)第六段第一句"However,F(xiàn)laum encourages parents tom make time for their kids"以及最后一句"The time we have with them is so short"可知,此處it指代的應是父母留給與孩子相處的時間.故選D
31.B 推理題.分析選項A science magazine科學雜志; A news report新聞報道;A research plan調查計劃;an advertisement廣告.文章報道了一項最新研究結果,即和父親多相處的青少年能夠提高自尊心和自信.這類文章最可能出現(xiàn)在新聞報道.結合選項,故選B

點評 本文是人物故事類閱讀理解.做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析,結合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù)

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