Question

5．假如英語課上老師要求你修改你同桌寫的一篇作文，文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)?jiān)阱e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞．增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），在其下面寫出該加的詞．刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞．注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞．2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不給分
Generally speaking，the relationship between us students and people around us are good．We are getting on well with each other． Therefore，there still exist some problems． Some students lose his temper easily because of anxiety and learning burden． They sometime quarrel with others，which is very disappointed．In my opinion，we middle school students should make our efforts improve the situation． Firstly，we should respect of other people． Secondly，when we are not feeling happily，we can chat with our friends or teachers or even parents． It is likely whether they can give us some reasonable advices． Last but not least，we can try to make some changes in our way of life．

Answer 1

分析 本文作者主要就中學(xué)生由于焦慮以及學(xué)習(xí)所帶來的壓力造成的容易發(fā)脾氣以及有時(shí)會(huì)和別人吵架的問題，提出了幾點(diǎn)自己的看法：一、我們應(yīng)該尊敬他人；二、當(dāng)我們不高興時(shí)，可以和朋友，老師甚至是父母聊聊天，從而可能會(huì)獲取一些合理的建議；最后但也是最重要的一點(diǎn)是：我們可以嘗試著改變我們的生活方式．

解答 Generally speaking，the relationship between us students and people around
usaregood．We are getting on well with each other． Therefore，there still
exist some problems． Some students losehistemper easily because of anxiety
and learning burden． Theysometimequarrel with others，which is very disappointed．
In my opinion，we middle school students should make our efforts∧improve the
situation． Firstly，we should respect of other people． Secondly，when we are not
feeling happily，we can chat with our friends or teachers or even parents． It is likely
whether they can give us some reasonable advices． Last but not least，we can try to
make some changes in our way of life．

詳解：
1．a(chǎn)re改為is    考查主謂一致   由于本句的主語the relationship 為單數(shù)名詞，因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；故用is．
2．Therefore改為However   考查副詞    本句的意思是：雖然我們彼此之間相處得很好，然而，也存在著一些問題；此處用在逗號(hào)之前，表達(dá)的是轉(zhuǎn)折意義，并非因果意義；故用However．
3．his改為their   考查人稱代詞   此處指的是一些學(xué)生們很容易發(fā)脾氣；故用their．
4．sometime 改為 sometimes     考查副詞詞義辨析   sometime：在某一時(shí)候，改天；sometimes：有時(shí)；此處的意思是：他們有時(shí)和別人吵架；故用 sometimes．
5．disappointed 改為 disappointing   考查現(xiàn)在分詞    此處在非限定性的定語從句中作表語，由于主語which指代的是前一句話"Theysometimequarrel with others"，并非指人，因此應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞作表語；故用disappointing．
6．improve前加to    考查固定短語      make one's efforts to do sth．意為：努力做某事；故在 improve前加to．   
7．去掉respect之后的of     考查及物動(dòng)詞   由于respect是及物動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)去掉它后面的of．
8．happily 改為 happy      考查系動(dòng)詞    由于feel為連系動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)跟形容詞作表語；故用happy．
9．whether 改為 that      考查固定句型      It is likely that意為：有可能…；故用that．
10．a(chǎn)dvices改為 advice    考查不可數(shù)名詞    由于advice 是不可數(shù)名詞，因此它的后面不能加s，故用advice．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．