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【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?/span>1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

It seems to be something in our blood 1 makes human beings want to conquer (征服)” things by climbing them, no matter whether it's Qomolangma --- the 2 high peak on Earth ---3 Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many 4 visit to Uluru climb the rock even though there's no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path that's been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There's even a sign at the bottom of the rock 5 (write) in seven languages, reading: "Please don't climb."

For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and 6(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there's no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be 7 (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people 8 (die) so far trying to climb it. This is 9 the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru 10 (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.

【答案】

1that

2highest

3or

4visitors

5written

6setting /to set

7harmful

8have died

9why

10will be banned

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述了人們很喜歡到澳大利亞中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,這一做法帶來了一系列問題,當?shù)卣疀Q定禁止人們攀登這塊巨石。

1考查定語從句。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過攀登來征服事物。本題定語從句的先行詞是不定代詞something,使用關系代詞that來指代先行詞,引導定語從句并在句中做主語。所以要填that。

2考查形容詞最高級及常識。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過攀登來征服事物。無論它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗瑪峰,還是位于澳大利亞中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大巖石Uluru。根據(jù)常識可知珠穆朗瑪峰是世界最高峰,應該使用形容詞最高級做定語修飾。所以要填最高級形式highest

3考查固定搭配。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過攀登來征服事物。無論它是珠穆朗瑪峰世界最高峰,還是位于澳大利亞中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大巖石Uluru。句中使用whether…or…意為無論還是…”,連接上下文。所以要填or。

4考查名詞。句意:盡管沒有路,但很多游客還是會前往Uluru去攀登這塊巨石。所填詞在句中充當主語,而且表示人,所以要用visit表示人的名詞形式visitor在句中做主語,而形容詞many說明應該使用可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式visitors。所以本句要填visitors

5考查分詞做定語。句意:在巨石的底部用七種語言寫著一塊牌子:請勿攀登。名詞短語a sign與動詞write構成被動關系,要用過去分詞短語做定語,其作用相當于定語從句。所以句中要填written

6考查動名詞和不定式充當主語。句意:踏上這塊巖石被認為是無禮的。本句中可以使用動名詞短語做主語表示經常性習慣性的動作,也可以使用不定式短語做主語表示一次性的動作。所以可以填setting/to set

7考查形容詞。句意:下雨的時候,垃圾廢物被沖下巖石,這對環(huán)境是有害的。句中應該使用harm的形容詞形式與系動詞構成系表結構,所以要填形容詞harmful。

8考查時態(tài)。句意:根據(jù)ABC,到目前為止在攀登巨石時候,已經有35人死亡。句中時間狀語so far意為到目前為止,通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,本句主語是復數(shù)名詞,所以句中要填have died。

9考查表語從句連詞。句意:這就是為什么這個月的早些時候澳大利亞政府宣布將從20191026日開始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表語從句缺少連詞,且該表語從句表示最后的結果,why引導表語從句表示最后的結果。所以要填why。

10考查被動語態(tài)。句意:這就是為什么這個月的早些時候澳大利亞政府宣布將從20191026日開始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主語climbing Uluru與動詞ban構成被動關系,且表示將來的事情,要用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。所以要填will be banned

本文小題1考查了定語從句關系代詞that的用法,當不定代詞充當定語從句的先行詞,定語從句中需要使用關系代詞時,我們通常使用that引導定語從句。只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況有:

1.在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。

2.在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which

3.先行詞有the only, the very修飾時,只用that。如:

In most cases, the very first thing that we ask for when visiting a cafe or friend's house is the WiFi password.

4.先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時,只用that。.

5.當先行詞既有人,又有物時。如:

We talked about the things and friends we met together when we lived in the countryside.

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