The demands of the modern world are growing day by day and this is putting more pressure on scientists to do research. However, as stated by Griffiths, “There is no hope of doing perfect research”. Naturally, there have been a lot of criticisms (批評), as many scientists immediately announce that their research methods are very safe and that they have the perfect research theory (理論).

However, scientific history is filled with examples, in which a perfect scientific solution that was based on decades of scientific research has been overturned (推翻) with new theories. Naturally the first example that comes to mind is the fact that Newton’s Theories were thought to be very safe and they were used in all fields of science. For centuries, thousands of scientists around the world used Newton’s Theories to formulate (規(guī)劃) other theories.

However, after nearly two centuries of use, Newton’s Theories were found to be not as perfect as they were thought. Through Einstein’s publication on the General Theory of Relativity, it was found that Newton’s laws were imperfect in explaining all motions (運動) that were taking place in our universe. It was found to be imperfect under some conditions, even though, Newton’s laws are still used today to predict motion at low speeds.

Thus, perfect research is only a myth (神話). Of course, this does not mean that a scientist should simply give up and accept imperfection in his or her research efforts. Improvements and changes in research techniques and methods are a natural part of evolution (進(jìn)化) and it is each scientist’s responsibility to take it forward as much as possible.

While the final answer to the universe’s questions may never exist, a time will come when there will be fewer questions as new answers are found and more improved research is carried out by scientists around the world.

1.Why have there been a lot of criticisms?

A. The modern world demands mor e and more.

B. Scientists have a negative attitude.

C. Many scientists arrive at their conclusions (結(jié)論) too fast.

D. Griffiths does not believe what scientists say.

2.Through the publication of the General Theory of Relativity, Newton’s Theories turned out to be ______.

A. not so perfect B. completely wrong C. very safe D. very exact

3.What will scientists do to deal with the “imperfectness” problem?

A. Accept the fact and give up.

B. Improve and change their methods and techniques.

C. Try their best to carry out the perfect study.

D. Ignore it and do as they please.

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.

A. the universe’s questions are sure to have a final answer

B. the number of questions is sure to increase with the passing of time

C. scientists are carrying out improved studies

D. there will be more scientists in the world in the future

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科目：高中英語 來源：黑龍江省大慶市2017屆高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（二模）英語試卷（有答案） 題型：閱讀理解

Tipping isn’t a big part of British culture, unlike in North America, where waiters and waitresses are paid below minimum wage. Tips are usually appreciated, but offering a tip of some services can cause confusion.

In casual restaurants, where you pay for your order at a counter but food is brought to your table, tipping is uncommon. You are welcome to leave a pound or two if you wish. In restaurants where you place your order with a waiter or a waitress and receive your food and bill at your table, it’s customary to tip around 10 percent. In some restaurants, a service charge may be added to the bill automatically, typically 10 or 12.5 percent. In this case, you don’t need to add a further tip. When you pay by credit card, the machine may ask if you want to add a tip. Check your bill to see if a service charge has already been added before paying—if so you don’t need to add a tip on the machine. You can request the service charge be removed from your bill if you are unhappy with the service. In some cases a restaurant may print “service not included” on the bill or menu. This is a request for a tip. You’re not forced to offer anything, but 10 percent would be normal in this situation. Tipping in cafes and fast food restaurant is not expected.

If you use a taxi, round the fare up to the nearest pound shown on the meter. On a journey from or to the airport in a booked minicab you might wish to trip 2 or 3 pounds if the driver helps with your bags.

Be sure to check a country’s tipping culture before you start your tip. For more information, visit TripAdvisor.com.

1.According to the text, ________ in British culture.

A. it is necessary to tip if you are served in cafes

B. it is confusing to tip if you receive your bill at your table

C. it is customary to tip if “service not included” is printed on the bill

D. it is compulsory to tip even if the service is unsatisfying in some restaurants

2.When you pay by credit card, ________.

A. the service charge can be added on the machine

B. the service charge must have been included in the bill automatically

C. the service charge can’t be refused

D. the service charge needn’t be checked before you pay

3.If the British taxi meter shows 58.4 pounds, you are expected to pay ________.

A. 58.4 pounds B. 59 pounds

C. 61 pounds D. 64 pounds

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. Introduction of TripAdvisor.com B. Occasions for Tipping

C. Advice on Tipping in Restaurants D. British Ways to Tipping

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆甘肅省天水市、蘭州市高三下學(xué)期一模考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn’t_______, _______your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things_______! Many people believe that they can_______two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is_______. The reality is that multitasking_______poor job performance.

New hand-held_______such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and “attention_______” leading to difficulty focusing on the task_______, such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “__________, the brain actually__________kids for multitasking even though when your child is supposed to doing homework performance on every task gets worse and worse. Kids don't know that they are doing__________because they feel better when they multitask,” says Dr Edward Hallowell.

__________the appearance of hand-held devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in__________performance, critical thinking skills and how information is__________. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn,” says Dr Edward Hallowell. Kids have a difficult time sticking with a” difficult to understand" topic and__________to allow themselves to be distracted(分散的), to tune out and switch__________ to Facebook or using their cell phones__________working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long__________, multitasking affects grades. One study showed that kids that use the Internet while in class did__________on tests resulting in lower grades.

1.A. play B. understand C. use D. work

2.A. only if B. even though C. so that D. no wonder

3.A. at once B. right away C. in no time D. at random

4.A. advocate B. deal C. perform D. prefer

5.A. impossible B. important C. impatient D. impolite

6.A. results in B. results from C. exists in D. exists from

7.A. designs B. discoveries C. equipment D. evidence

8.A. attract B. draw C. pay D. share

9.A. at hand B. on time C. on schedule D. at times

10.A. Uncertainly B. Unfortunately C. Universally D. Undoubtedly

11.A. remains B. rewards C. regards D. reflects

12.A. better B. well C. bad D. worse

13.A. Since B. Before C. When D. While

14.A. accidental B. accurate C. accessible D. academic

15.A. produced B. processed C. possessed D. promoted

16.A. tend B. attend C. intend D. pretend

17.A. out B. on C. off D. over

18.A. except for B. rather than C. more than D. apart from

19.A. run B. walk C. journey D. distance

20.A. hardly B. successfully C. poorly D. mildly

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科目：高中英語 來源：廣東省廣州市2017屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試英語試卷 題型：完形填空

Sarah lived on a farm with her family. She was _______ to learn to track, to identify each person and where they were going by the marks they left on the ground. And if her father couldn’t teach her, she’d teach herself.

To the _______ of her family, she borrowed all their _______ and taught herself to recognize everyone’s footprints in the sand. More than once her father came outside shouting, “Sarah, bring me _______ my boots.”

Sarah developed the habit of walking around with her eyes fixed on the ground, _______ the comings and goings of every _______ in the place.

She also developed the annoying habit of _______ everyone. “What were you doing down at the dam, Jack? You’re not _______ to play there.” “Did you find what you were _______ in the garage, Auntie?” and “Who was the stranger visiting today wearing size ten boots, Mum?”

After she’d ____________ every pair of shoes that everyone __________, she turned to the farm’s animals. By this time ______________her victims had to admit, __________, that she was good.

Her best __________ came one evening when she said the horse’s front foot was __________. Her father said that the horse was __________ fine. Sarah __________ that its hoof (蹄) had a split. Sarah’s father __________ the horse’s hoof.

“You’re __________. The hoof is split. How did you know?”

“You can see it in its __________.” Sarah moved the horse away. “Look, it’s plain in the sand.’’ “If you can tell it has a split hoof from that sand, you’re pretty good,” said her father.

1.A. determined B. forced C. appointed D. encouraged

2.A. expectation B. annoyance C. disappointment D. delight

3.A. shoes B. books C. socks D. tools

4.A. up B. outside C. over D. back

5.A. guiding B. hearing C. studying D. predicting

6.A. vehicle B. person C. animal D. season

7.A. surprising B. criticising C. questioning D. challenging

8.A. prepared B. invited C. qualified D. allowed

9.A. calling for B. looking for C. waiting for D. fighting for

10.A. worn B. collected C. destroyed D. memorised

11.A. owned B. borrowed C. tried D. bought

12.A. yet B. even C. also D. still

13.A. guiltily B. approvingly C. merrily D. unwillingly

14.A. performance B. trick C. magic D. idea

15.A. tied B. lost C. injured D. stolen

16.A. safely B. extremely C. hardly D. perfectly

17.A. doubted B. wondered C. insisted D. discovered

18.A. inspected B. split C. treated D. fastened

19.A. lying B. joking C. right D. crazy

20.A. boots B. tracks C. jumps D. hoofs

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科目：高中英語 來源：江西省2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期第一次月考英語試卷 題型：短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：(1)每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞。

(2)只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

The earthquake affects the students of the destroying areas in many ways. How can we help them? One expert says the child will have feelings of fear, angry and feel they are not safe after the quake. They will find it hardly to focus. They will tend to cry and shout and tremble. And they might be afraid to be alone. The teenagers will find it difficulty to live in a balanced way. If things get worse they might not be able to focus to their studies. He also says we can do something help the children. The first thing we can do is that to build up trust with them, and be their friends. Then you have to give them a sense of safe. Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs. Be a good listener, if he or she need to talk.

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科目：高中英語 來源：山東省棗莊市南校區(qū)2016-2017學(xué)年高一3月月考英語試卷（有答案） 題型：短文填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的的正確形式。

My wife is addicted to shopping on the Internet.1.seems that she can’t control herself well,just clicking constantly with the mouse.Let me tell you what happened last night.It was the fourth time she2.(shop)online for hours.I had already remind her to think twice before buying anything,but my wife ignored3.I said and replied confidently, “With the new year4.(approach),preparation is necessary.5.,I haven’ bought things on the Internet for a whole week.”Hearing her words,I was really speechless.In most cases,the things she bought aren’t good value for money.Maybe she just enjoys6.process of buying online.

Nowadays,7.the development of technology,online shopping is becoming more and more convenient.Those8.stay at home can buy whatever they want.In the meanwhile,it causes a series of9.(problem).One of them is more spending than before,because people are10.(easy)attracted by the discount（折扣）.So how to keep a good state of mind in front of temptation（誘惑）is an important lesson many people need to learn.

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科目：高中英語 來源：山東省棗莊市南校區(qū)2016-2017學(xué)年高一3月月考英語試卷（有答案） 題型：單詞拼寫

He_________（同意）with them about the need for change.

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科目：高中英語 來源：安徽省淮北市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第一次月考英語試卷（有答案） 題型：閱讀理解

I was in a charity shop looking at the second hand books.It just so happened that the book shelves were next to the toy section.After a few minutes I became aware of a group of women standing behind me.They were poorly dressed and spoke in what sounded like an eastern European language.As they looked through the clothes rails a little girl,about three years old,came over to the toy section.Immediately her attention was caught by a toy pram（嬰兒車）. What is it about little girls and toy prams? I don't know,but whatever it is its incredibly cute! She spoke to her mother and,in halting English her mother asked the shop assistant how much it cost.Three pounds was the answer---about five dollars.The mum looked down at her child,perhaps calculating what she still had to buy and how much money she would have left.Then she simply shook her head.  The child didn't react badly as some might.Being told“no”was obviously not a new experience for her.But she couldn't keep the disappointment from her face. I had the grand total of four pounds in my pocket,two two-pound coins.A moment later I tapped the mother on the shoulder,pointed to the coins which I had left in the pram and said,“Buy her a dolly too.” I didn't hang about to see the end result.After all,it's not about being thanked.I made my way out of the shop and into the sunshine. The money was an investment in the happiness of the world.Was there any better way,I wondered,to get so much happiness for so little money than to buy a little girl a toy pram? And a dolly to sit in it!

1.What did the little girl say to her mother according to the second paragraph?

A. She asked her mother to calculate her money.

B. She asked her mother to buy the toy pram for her.

C. She asked her mother to borrow money from the author.

D. She asked her mother to ask the shop assistant the price of the toy pram.

2.The mother shook her head because ________.

A. she thought the toy wasn’t worth the money

B. she found it difficult to calculate her money

C. she found she didn’t take enough money with her

D. she thought the toy was not suitable for her daughter

3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that ________.

A. the girl usually behaved badly

B. the mother usually treated her daughter badly

C. the mother was not rich enough to meet her daughter’s need often

D. the little girl was often refused because she asked for too many toys

4.What words can be used to describe the author?

A. Optimistic and energetic. B. Pleasant and grateful.

C. Wealthy and healthy. D. Sympathetic and helpful.

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科目：高中英語 來源：福建省福州市畢業(yè)班3月綜合質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷（有答案） 題型：閱讀理解

According to a team of researchers, an animals’ ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life.

“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.” commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.

The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.

One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies “observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve,” which allows them to avoid being hit. 

Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly. ”

In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲蟲）runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey’s (獵物)position.

Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.

1.What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?

A. Pace of life of animals. B. Time perception of animals.

C. Lifetime of small animals. D. Impressive abilities of animals.

2.What does Kevin Healy’s comment mean in Para. 2?

A. The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.

B. The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.

C. Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.

D. Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.

3.Why can houseflies avoid being hit?

A. They can think very deeply before they act.

B. They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.

C. They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.

D. They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.

4.What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?

A. Try to run as fast as it can.

B. Prevent itself from becoming blind.

C. Slow down to gain its time perception.

D. Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.

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