Question

【改編】Australian scientists say an organic compound used by Indian women to paint dots or bindi on their foreheads could hold the key to a breakthrough in cancer treatment. Rose Bengal (玫瑰紅)was first used in the early 1900s as a dye for food, textiles and cosmetics. But now it is proving to be a useful weapon in the fight against skin cancer.

Television advertisements constantly warn of the dangers of overexposure to the fierce sun. Among them is the possibility of the disease melanoma(黑瘤), a type of skin cancer. More than 1,200 Australians die every year from the disease.

Initial trials of a solution of Rose Bengal injected into some melanoma cells have had a 75 percent success rate in controlling the disease. Professor John Thompson, the director of the Melanoma Unit at the University of Sydney, says this organic dye could become a powerful cancer-fighting treatment.

“We believe it works by getting into the tumor(腫塊) cells and causing them to self-destruct. But the exact mechanism by which it works is not totally clear. It’s not useful for people who have a primary melanoma. The treatment of primary melanoma is surgical excision(切除),”he said. “It’s useful to inject tumors for people who have recurrences; when the primary treatment has failed and when recurrence in the area, or at more distant sites has occurred.”

About 90 percent of Australians who develop melanoma survive thanks to early diagnosis and treatment. If left untreated, however, the disease can be fatal.

Convincing younger people in Australia about the dangers of overexposure to the sun is a battle campaigners are constantly waging.

Veronica Manock, a 21-year-old student, had two major operations to remove a cancerous tumor from her leg.

“I’ve had a lot of friends who just said ‘I thought it was just, you know, I’ll get a mole(痣) cut out and that’s it’, whereas I don’t think people realize how much danger they’re putting themselves into and how easy it is to stop something like this happening to you just from doing little things,”said Marock.

Other researchers in Australia are investigating genetic treatments to skin cancer. There is a pressing need for such research to produce effective treatments. Australians, the majority of whom are fair-skinned(淺膚色的), are four times more likely to develop a melanoma than people in Canada, the United States or Great Britain.

1.Which can be the best title of the passage?

A. Rose Bengal —the cause of skin cancer.

B. Rose Bengal —a tool to fight against skin cancer.

C. Skin cancer—the first killer.

D. Melanoma—the threat to health.

2.What does the underlined word “fatal” mean?

A. Curable. B. Serious. C. Deadly. D. Self-healing.

3.From what Veronica Manock said , we can know _______.

A. people haven’t realized overexposure to the sun is dangerous

B. mole on the leg is dangerous.

C. people can do nothing to protect themselves from melanoma

D. nothing can be done to deal with the disease.

4.Who are likely to develop a melanoma?

A. Englishmen. B. Canadians.

C. Americans. D. Australians.

5.In which section of a newspaper does the passage possibly appear?

A. Economy. B. Agriculture. C. Health. D. Fashion.

Answer 1

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.C

【解析】

試題分析:文章是一篇說明文，講述了世界上皮膚癌的發(fā)病率以及治療良藥。在澳大利亞每年會有1200多人死于皮膚癌，但是經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)印度婦女用于在眉心點朱砂痣用的孟加拉玫瑰紅被證明是對抗皮膚癌的有力武器。

1.Rose Bengal可能是對抗皮膚癌的武器，然后在下文對此項研究進一步分析，由此判斷文章中心內(nèi)容是介紹這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選B。

2.melanoma這種皮膚癌，故判斷這是一種致命的疾病，經(jīng)過早期診斷和治療患者是可以幸存下來的，如果不接受治療，則會死亡，由此判斷該詞意思是“致命的”，選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段和倒數(shù)第二段Veronica Manock所說的話可知許多人還沒有認識到過度暴露在陽光下會導致皮膚癌的發(fā)生，故選A。

4.

5.世界上皮膚癌的發(fā)病率以及治療方法，由此判斷文章和健康有關(guān)，故選C。

考點：考查科學知識類短文閱讀