Question

【題目】 Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.

One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images. Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.

Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parent’s educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads,” Anderson says.

Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.

For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.

【1】Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?

A.Radio-listening.B.Television-watching.

C.Parents’ reading list.D.Parents’ educational background.

【2】Anderson believes that ______.

A.the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is

B.the younger a child is, the more he watches TV

C.the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV

D.the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school

【3】What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To advise on the educational use of TV.

B.To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.

C.To explain traditional views on TV influences.

D.To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】D

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。著名心理學(xué)家丹尼爾·安德森認(rèn)為，將電視對(duì)孩子的影響與家庭的影響區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)是很重要的。他認(rèn)為電視并沒(méi)有真正造成問(wèn)題，并同時(shí)反駁了三個(gè)反對(duì)電視的理由。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Things like parent’s educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.（父母的教育背景對(duì)孩子的閱讀有很大的影響。）可知父母的教育背景與孩子的閱讀能力關(guān)系最大。故選D。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. （“如果你年輕時(shí)聰明，長(zhǎng)大后就會(huì)少看電視，”安德森說(shuō)。）可知Anderson認(rèn)為，一個(gè)孩子越聰明，就越不容易對(duì)電視上癮。反觀四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有選項(xiàng)C“一個(gè)孩子越聰明，看電視越少”符合，所以答案為C。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.（著名心理學(xué)家丹尼爾·安德森認(rèn)為，將電視對(duì)孩子的影響與家庭的影響區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)是很重要的。他說(shuō)，我們傾向于責(zé)怪電視，因?yàn)樗�并沒(méi)有真正造成問(wèn)題，而忽視了我們?cè)谒茉旌⒆觽兯枷敕矫娴淖饔�。）以及全文都在表達(dá)Anderson的電視對(duì)于孩子的影響沒(méi)有那么大的觀點(diǎn)，與傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)不同，所以答案為D。