There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved (演化) from ceremony. The argument for this view goes as follows.
In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world --- even the seasonal changes --- as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then kept and repeated until they hardened into fixed ceremonies. Eventually stories arose which explained the mysteries of the ceremonies. As time passed some ceremonies were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, remained and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ceremony also argue that those ceremonies contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium ". In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the performing of ceremonies, religious leaders usually took that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often acted other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and imitated the desired effect --- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, etc. as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces(追溯) the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war, etc) are gradually developed, at first through the use of action and dialogue, and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
小題1:Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Religious activities in ancient Greece.
B．The ceremonies in ancient Greece.
C．Drama theories.
D．The origin of Greek Drama.
小題2:According to the passage, drama_______________.
A．was played in memory of ancient Greek ceremonies
B．was a form of ceremony played by ancient Greeks to control unknown powers
C．evolved out of ancient Greek ceremonies with time passing by
D．is one of the measures Ancient Greeks took to view natural forces
小題3:In tracing the beginning of drama, which of the following is not mentioned?
A．Planting.B．Religious ceremonies.C．Gymnastic.D．Storytelling.

小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:A
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There is no better way to enjoy Scottish traditions than going fishing and tasting a little bit of whisky(威士忌)at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle. When Queen Victoria visited the castle in 1873, she wrote in her diary, “I never saw a lovelier spot ,” And she didn’t even go fishing.
Scotland is not easily defined. In certain moments, this quiet land of lakes and grasses and mountains changes before your very eyes. When evening gently sweeps the hillside into orange light, the rivers, teeming with fish, can turn into streams of gold . As you settle down with just a fishing pole and a basket on the bank of River Orchy, near the Inverlochy Castle , any frustration(煩惱) will float away as gently as the circling water. It’s just you and purple, pink, white flowers, seeking a perfect harmony. If you are a new comer to fishing, learning the basics from a fishing guide may leave you with a lifetime’s fun. For many, fishing is more than a sport; it is an art.
Scotland offers interesting place where you can rest after a long day’s fishing. Set against a wild mountain and hidden behind woodland, the beautiful Inverlochy Castle Hotel below the Nevis is a perfect place to see the beauty of Scotland’s mountains. Ben Nevis is the highest of all British mountains, and reaching its 1343-metre top is a challenge. But it’s not just what goes up matters; what comes down is unique. More than 900 metres high, on the mountain’s north face, lies an all-important source of pure water. Its name comes from the Gaelic language “usquebaugh” or “water of life”; and it is the single most important ingredient(原料) in Scotland’s best known drink: whisky.
小題1:The story of Queen Victoria is to show that _____.
A．the queen is rich in tour experience
B．the Castle is a good place to go in Scotland
C．tasting whisky is better than going fishing
D．1873 is a special year for the queen
小題2:How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?
A．By giving descriptions.B．By following time order.
C．By analyzing causes.D．By making comparisons.
小題3:What is Ben Nevis special for?
A．The Inverlochy Castle Hotel .
B．The beauty of its surroundings.
C．The water from the mountain.
D．The challenge up to its top.
小題4:What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce Scottish traditions to tourists.
B．To show the attractions of Scotland to readers.
C．To explore geographical characteristics of Scotland.
D．To describe the pleasures of life in Scotland.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Investors soon will be able to own shares of Facebook stock. The world’s biggest social media network presented documents to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Wednesday. The documents are required before the company can make its initial public offering（首次公開募股）or IPO. A date for the stock sale has yet to be announced.
Experts say Facebook could raise about five billion dollars. That would be one of the biggest IPO sales ever. And it would be much bigger than Google’s first public stock sale in 2004. At that time, the Internet search company raised almost two billion dollars.
Facebook has 800 million users around the world. It is the second most visited website after Google. Now, experts say the social media network is in a position to become one of the most valuable Internet companies.
Stock expert Anupam Palit at Greencrest Capital says that among social media sites, Facebook is in a class by itself.
“It is the biggest company in this space and we believe what makes it very unique from every other company that went public last year in this space is that it is very, very profitable.” said Anupam Palit.
Early estimates place the total value of the social network between 75 and 100 billion dollars. That includes earlier investments by other companies. David Kirkpatrick wrote the book The Facebook Effect. He says Facebook’s IPO will be historic.
The stock sale could also make Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg one of the world’s youngest billionaires. He is only 27.
Investment companies are likely to buy Facebook stock first. But investment manager Jim O’Shaugnessy says that is not so bad. He says the prices of some IPO stocks are too high and fall not long after they first go on sale.
Recently, share prices of some Internet businesses have fallen after their stocks were first offered. For example, stocks of Linkedln, Groupon and Zynga, dropped in price by as much as 25% after going public.
There were similar questions eight years ago when Google first sold stock to the public. Today, Google is one of the world’s most valuable technology companies.
小題1:Which of the following is true about Google?
A．Google’s first public stock sale began in 2005.
B．Google is the world’s most valuable company.
C．Google’s share price rose after its stock was first offered.
D．Google raised almost two billion dollars from its first public stock sale.
小題2:According to the passage, we can know Facebook ________.
A．has 800 million users in the USAB．has announced the date for its first stock sale
C．is the most visited website todayD．is the world’s biggest social media network
小題3:We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Facebook stock is being sold very well
B．Mark Zuckerberg will get much money from the stock sale
C．Mark Zuckerberg was only 27 when Facebook was founded
D．investment companies have bought many Facebook shares
小題4:Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．Facebook and Its IPOB．The Difference Between Facebook and Google
C．The Founder of FacebookD．A Book Called The Facebook Effect

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are over one million superstitions(迷信), and most people believe at least one or two of　them.
Many people are superstitious about numbers. They think that there are lucky numbers and unlucky numbers.
The number 13 is often considered unlucky. In some parts of the world, buildings have no 13th floor and streets have no houses with the number 13. In Japan, "4" is considered unlucky because in Japanese the word "four" is pronounced the same as the word "death" .
Japanese never give gifts of four knives, four napkins, or four of anything.
What are the lucky numbers? Seven is a lucky number in many places, and "8" is considered a lucky number in Japan and China. In China, businesses often open on August 8, and many couples register to get married at eight past eight on August 8.
Superstitions about numbers are so widespread that some people--called numerologist--make a living by giving advice about numbers.
In 1937, when the Toyoda family of Japan wanted to form a car company, they asked a numerologist if "Toyoda" would be a good name for the company. The numerologist said it would not be. He explained that "Toyota" would be a better name for the company. The family took his advice. As a result, millions of people drive "Toyota" and not "Toyoda" .
There are many other kinds of superstitions. There are superstitions about eating, sleeping, sneezing and itching(抓癢). There are superstitions about animals and holidays and horseshoes.
There are even superstitions about superstitions. Those superstitions will tell people how to reverse bad luck.
When the Japanese bump heads, they immediately bump heads again. According to a Japanese superstition, the first-bump means their parents will die, but the second bump "erases" the first bump         
To reverse bad luck in general, people turn around three times, turn their pockets inside out, or put their hats on backwards.
In the United States, baseball players sometimes wear their caps backwards when their team is losing. It looks silly, but the baseball players do not mind if it helps them win the game.   
小題1:It can be inferred that superstitions about numbers are           .
A．popular neither in Japan nor in China
B．popular only in Japan and in China
C．popular both in Japan and in China
D．causing great troubles both in Japan and in China
小題2:The underlined word " reverse " means           .
A．change to bad luckB．cause to go in the opposite direction
C．change for the worseD．exchange
小題3:If a Japanese purposely bumps his head again after an accidental bump, we can be sure that     .  
A．he is madB．he is happyC．he is superstitiousD．he is very sad
小題4:The writer wrote this passage with the purpose of           .
A．persuading us to believe superstitions
B．showing us some facts of superstitions
C．showing us the magic power of number
D．showing us a numerologist

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard patterns into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the "standard patterns" of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.
Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedes, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The surprising distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.
This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．needs of the readers all over the world
B．causes of the public disappointment about newspapers
C．origins of the declining newspaper industry
D．a(chǎn)ims of a journalism credibility project
小題2:The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be______.
A．quite trustworthyB．somewhat contradictory
C．very instructiveD．rather superficial(膚淺的)
小題3:The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their _________.
A．working attitudeB．conventional lifestyle
C．world outlookD．educational background

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



By now you may be thinking, “Enough with the sad songs, already!” Ok, then how about a cowboy song? Gene Autry was one of America’s most famous singing cowboys. He recorded When It’s Springtime in the Rockies in 1937.
And finally, we’ll leave you with a sunny song called Up Jumped Spring. Freddie Hubbard wrote this jazz song in 1977 and Billy Taylor Trio performs it.
小題1:If you are in a bad mood, you’d better listen to _____.
A．Up Jumped SpringB．I Dream of Spring
C．Spring Is HereD．Spring Will be a Little Late This Year
小題2:It Might as Well Be Spring is a song that ______.
A．is also called State FairB．is sung by Ella Fitzgerald
C．has a lonely feelingD．was written by two people
小題3:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Most songs about spring are written by Italian composers.
B. K.D. Lang was good at writing happy songs.
C. Sarah Vaughn sang the song Up Jumped Spring first.
D. Gene Autry was a famous cowboy singer before K.D. Lang.
小題4:Which of the following songs was first written or recorded?
A．Spring.
B．I Dream of Spring.
C．When It’s Springtime in the Rockies.
D．Spring Will be a Little Late This Year.
小題5: What’s the purpose of the author to write the passage?
A．Introduce some songs about spring.
B．Introduce some wonderful music.
C．Introduce some famous singers.
D．Express his/ her love to spring

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Jeans are very popular especially with teenagers. It’s said that the material came originally from Nimes, a city in France. These jeans were particularly created for the sailors, who loved wearing jeans very much. These jeans could be worn when wet and it could even be rolled over with ease. This was particularly useful when the sailors were busy with their everyday work.
Our favorite pair of blue, jeans was originally worn by workers particularly during World War II. Perhaps the strong and durable(耐用的) look made these blue jeans popular among all the factory workers. A strange thing that can be noticed happened in the early period of the 1950s when blue jeans worn by teens were considered to be a form of being against others. Besides, adults who wore blue jeans were not allowed to enter a movie theatre. It was only during the 1960s that blue jeans were accepted as a fashion trend in the United States of America. Movie stars wore them in films and in public. Many young people follow them.
The different looks of the regular blue jeans which are enjoyed by people were introduced by the mid 1950s. It was Donald Freeland who gave jeans a whole new look and brought it to the front. Originally, jeans were always worn loose. At first, jeans worn by men had the zipper(拉鏈)on the front. However, for women, it was on the side. By the late 1960's , the zipper finally was on the front side for women as well.
Today, there are many new designs that are being created by fashion designers to meet the increasing demands from jean lovers! A pair of basic blue jeans, however, is one such piece of clothing that will never go out of fashion! When you open one's cupboard, there is always one pair of jeans one likes best.
小題1:The sailors originally were interested in wearing jeans because jeans     .
A．could give them a pleasant look B．were convenient and easy to use
C．were cheaper than other trousers D．could be washed and made easily
小題2:According to the passage, blue jeans          .
A．were once a sign of being against their parents
B．were popular with people of different ages in the 1950s
C．began to be poplar with American people in the 1960s
D．have been worn by the factory workers after World War II
小題3:The following all lead to the popularity of jeans EXCEPT        .
A．American cultureB．various designs
C．movie stars' influenceD．its cloth quality
小題4:It is known from the passage that       .
A．Donald Freeland gave jeans a whole new design
B．the zipper was always on the front side of all jeans
C．The jeans were introduced into America in the 1950s
D．Donald Freeland was the first to make jeans popular in the world
小題5:In the last paragraph, the writer is trying to          .
A．show his interest in blue jeans
B．tell us the popularity of jeans
C．praise the benefits of blue jeans
D．discuss the development of jeans

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When I spent Christmas away from home in Europe for the first time, I was only 14 and it was absolutely horrific. I am now married and live in the US. So there is little possibility for me to go home for Christmas. Now I am able to get through Christmas with some moments of joy:
First, you are advised to search you area for stores that carry items from your home country or town. Buy food, candles and some other things that mean something to you.
Hold on to the traditions from your home that you think are important even if other people think they are stupid. But keep in mind to be open for new traditions from wherever you might be, because those traditions are as important to those people around you as yours are to you. For me that includes celebrating Christmas on the 24th.
Call, write Christmas cards, buy gifts and mail them to loved ones, just as if you were there. If you try to pretend as if the holiday doesn’t exist, you are just going to make it worse.
Introduce your traditions to your loved ones, especially your kids. It will only enrich their celebration of the holiday to have some unique traditions in their home. Little by little it will become their tradition and it’s fun for them to try something new.
Find clubs, churches or organizations that are from your home country. Chances are that they will have some celebration with some of your traditions which you can join in.
Food is one of the most important factors in any kind of tradition. Find the recipe of that cake your grandmother used and make it your tradition to bake that particular cake.
Call up your parents and get them to send you some of your favorite childhood ornaments (裝飾品) for your tree.
Embrace new traditions, talk to your family about which ones you want to make your own and stick with them.
If you are far away from home, Christmas can never be the same as you experienced it before, but it is important to remember these traditions while appreciating the new ones. Keep an open mind and find a compromise between old and new traditons.
小題1:The author spent his 14th Christmas ___________.
A．unpleasantly in the USB．joyfully in the US
C．unpleasantly in EuropeD．joyfully in Europe
小題2:Why does the author advise people to hunt in some special stores?
A．Because people can buy some discounted goods there.
B．Because people can feel less homesick there.
C．Because it’s an old Christmas tradition.
D．Because they offer goods from the hometown of the people.
小題3:Which of the following statements does the author agree with?
A．It’s great for children to have some unique traditions.
B．People should join in all kinds of clubs to celebrate Christmas.
C．People should give up traditions which are stupid in other people’s eyes.
D．It is popular to celebrate Christmas on the 24th around the world.
小題4:The author suggests giving a call to parents on Christmas mainly to __________.
A．express love to themB．follow the tradition
C．a(chǎn)sk for some ornamentsD．set an example for children

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People smile at times. However, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also show embarrassment.
People in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other in order to show they are open and friendly. However，in China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and not a kind of impolite laugh.
When a person from the United States might blush（臉紅）with embarrassment or become offensive(冒犯的), a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling properly.
小題1: We can use smile to express all of the following feelings except _________,
A．joy and happinessB．a(chǎn)musementC．embarrassmentD．fear
小題2: People often smile at each other in the United States because _________.
A．they are very happy
B．they want to show they are friendly
C．they want to hide their true feelings
D．they want to avoid embarrassment
小題3: In China, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to _______.
A．laugh at him
B．a(chǎn)void his own embarrassment
C．a(chǎn)void embarrassment and encourage the boy
D．show his politeness
小題4: What is mainly talked about in the passage?  
A．People smile at times.
B．Smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.
C．Americans are more open and friendly than Chinese people.
D．The Chinese people often hide their true feelings.

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