12.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.作文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏子符號(∧)并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
      2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分.
  Mrs.Williams,my next-door neighbor,have a big house with a beautiful garden in front of them.She is very proud of her house because of it is always clean and tidy.While cleaned the carpets(地毯) one day,she suddenly saw a little mouse run across his dining room.She felt terrible ashamed,for she used to telling others that mice were found only in dirty houses.She quickly asked her daughter Jenny help catch the mouse.It takes them almost half an hour to catch the mouse.Afraid of being laughed at by another people around her,Mrs.Williams wanted her daughter to keep it a secret.

分析 威廉姆斯太太,我的隔壁鄰居,有一所前面帶著美麗花園的大房子.她的房子總是很干凈整潔,這使得她非常自豪.一天,在清理地毯時,突然看見一只小老鼠朝著她的餐廳跑了過去.她感到一陣羞愧,因為她曾經(jīng)經(jīng)常對別人說,小l老鼠只會出現(xiàn)在很臟的房子里.于是,她趕緊讓她的女兒詹妮來幫著抓老鼠.她們花了差不多半個小時才抓住了那只老鼠.威廉姆斯太太害怕被周圍的其他人嘲笑,就希望女兒要守住這個秘密.

解答 Mrs.Williams,my next-door neighbor,have a big house with a beautiful garden
in front of them.She is very proud of her house becauseof it is always clean and tidy.
While cleaned the carpets(地毯) one day,she suddenly saw a little mouse run across
hisdining room.She felt terrible ashamed,for she used totellingothers that mice were
found only in dirty houses.She quickly asked her daughter Jenny∧help catch the mouse.
It takes them almost half an hour to catch the mouse.Afraid of being laughed at by another
people around her,Mrs.Williams wanted her daughter to keep it a secret.
詳解:
1.have改為has   考查主謂一致    由于本句的主語Mrs.Williams(威廉姆斯夫人)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故用has.
2.them改為it   考查人稱代詞的一致性    此處指代的是a big house,故用it.
3.去掉because之前的of   考查復合介詞because of與連詞because的區(qū)別      because 是連詞,其后接句子;because of 是復合介詞,其后接名詞、代詞、動名詞、what 從句等;由于此后接的是一個句子,故去掉because之前的of.  
4.cleaned改為cleaning   考查現(xiàn)在分詞   此處在句中作時間狀語,由于動詞clean與其邏輯主語she構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞cleaning.
5.his改為her   考查人稱代詞的一致性    此處用來修飾名詞dining room,指代的是威廉姆斯夫人的餐廳;故用her.
6.terrible改為terribly  考查副詞    此處用來修飾形容詞ashamed,故用副詞terribly.
7.telling改為tell   考查固定短語    used to do sth.意為:過去常常,故用tell.
8.help之前加to   考查固定短語   ask sb.to do sth.意為:讓某人做某事;此處指的是:她趕緊叫女兒詹妮來幫忙抓老鼠;故在help之前加to.  
9.takes改為took   考查時態(tài)   根據(jù)上文使用了一般過去時以及時間狀語"one day"可知,此處指的是發(fā)生在過去某一天的事情,故用took.
10.a(chǎn)nother改為other  考查形容詞   another:又一個,再一個;other:其他的;此處指的是其他人;故用other.

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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