Question

Everyone wants some degree of success. Many people believe that they deserve (值得)success simply because they believe that they deserve success. But there is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential (有影響的)  friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted（升職） to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors (上司). This injustice discouraged the young engineer and many of her colleagues（同事）. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.

At the same, we should not be pessimistic (悲觀的). More and more then modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their faces fit. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, “This can’t be right! $ 100 just for tapping（敲打） a machine with a hammer ?” The engineer wrote out a new bill: “For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap. $99.”

The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because _____.

A. it was politically less good for the boss to accept her than the man

B. her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the job

C. the man who got the promotion was more experienced than she was

D. it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleague

The engineer who repaired the machine was right in charging $ 100 because____.

A. he hit the machine to get it started again

B. the factory owner could not have repaired it himself

C. he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills

D. he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with it

What can we learn about the author’s attitude toward the widespread belief that “people get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it”?

A. He quite agrees with it.         

B. He doesn’t express his opinion his opinion at it.

C. He completely disagrees with it.          

D. He doesn’t quite agree with it.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.

B. The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.

C. Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.

D. Those who are good in their jobs are still largely needed by the modern society.

Answer 1

【小題1】A

【小題2】C

【小題3】D

【小題4】B

解析:

【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable.”可知貝提拔者的特點是政治觀點，所以正確答案是A。

【小題2】綜合推斷題。 根據(jù)第三段第二句“because theya re good enough ”可知the manager 開100美元的賬單的理由就是自己的粗澀技藝，所以選擇C。

【小題3】 觀點態(tài)度題。 第三段開頭“all the same ”意為“even so ”即“即使如此”，可見作者對這一觀點不完全贊同。

【小題4】辨別正誤題。 B 項“overcharge”意為“討價過高“， 與原文意思不一致，因為討價過高只是the factory owner一人的觀點，而作者認(rèn)為這一收費(fèi)合理