Just five minutes of exercise a day outdoors can improve mental health, according to a study.
Researchers from the University of Essex, UK have found that as little as five minutes of a “green activity” such as walking, gardening, cycling or farming could help to improve mood and increase self-esteem (自信).
Many studies have shown that outdoor exercise can reduce the risk of mental illness and improve a sense of well-being, but the new study, led by Jules Pretty and Jo Barton, was the first to determine how much time needed to be spent on green exercise for the benefits to show.
Barton and Pretty looked at data from 1,252 people of different ages, genders (性別) and mental health status (情況) taken from 10 studies in Britain.
They analyzed their different outdoor activities including walking, gardening, cycling, fishing, boating, horse-riding and farming in locations such as a park, garden or nature trail (路徑).
They found that the mental health changes were seen after just five minutes. With longer periods of time exercising in a green environment, the positive effects were more apparent.
Looking at men and women of different ages, the researchers found the health changes were particularly strong in the young and the mentally ill.
Green and blue
A bigger effect was seen with exercise in an area that also contained water – such as a lake or river.
“This is because historically we are drawn to water to survive and it is in our genetic (遺傳的) make-up to be at one with nature,” the researchers wrote in their report.
Pretty said those who were generally inactive, or stressed, or with mental illness would probably benefit the most from “green exercise”.
“Employers, for example, could encourage staff in stressful workplaces to take a short walk at lunchtime in the nearest park to improve mental health.”
He also said exercise programs outdoors could benefit youth offenders.
【小題1】How is the study this article refers to different from other studies?

A．It involved more people.
B．It took longer to finish the research.
C．It determined the exact amount of time needed.
D．It was led by just two researchers.
【小題2】 What can we conclude from the findings of the study?
A．Just five minutes of “green exercise” daily can help improve mental health.
B．Gardeners and farmers do not need “green exercise”.
C．Walking in a park with a lake will weaken the effect.
D．“Green exercise” is not suitable for the mentally ill.
【小題3】. According to Pretty, _______ would probably benefit the most from “green exercise”.
A．stressed, inactive peopleB．office workers
C．youth offenders D．women and children
【小題4】 What is the main problem discussed in this article?
A．Physical well-being. B．Outdoor exercise.
C．Mental illness. D．Harmony with nature.

【小題1】C【小題1】A【小題1】A【小題1】B

解析

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