Recently a new science behind incentives(激勵(lì)), 1.___ (include) in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children _2.__ (do) better in school. ___3._ some cases, he gave students incentives based on input(輸入), like reading certain books, while in 4.___, the incentives _ 5. (base) on output, like results on exams. His main _6._ (find) was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be 7.____ (effect) because students do not know how to do better on an exam, apart from general rules like “study harder”. Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over 8.___ they have much more control.

As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have 9.__ much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again 10. you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.

1.including

2.to do

3.In

4.others

5.were based

6.finding

7.more effective

8.which

9.a

10.If

【解析】

試題分析：題目考查學(xué)生對上下文的聯(lián)系，還考查了學(xué)生對形容詞比較級、最高級、副詞、介詞短語、條件句、代詞、被動語態(tài)、非謂語動詞等知識的掌握情況。

1.】考查非謂語形式 including做伴隨狀語，故填including。

2.考查to do 不定式表示目的狀語,故填 to do。

3.考查介詞in some cases在某些情況下，此處為固定搭配，故填 In 。

4.考查代詞others 別的方面，故填others 。

5.考查動詞的被動語態(tài) be based on 以…為基礎(chǔ)。故填were based。

6.考查動詞的名詞形式finding 發(fā)現(xiàn)，故填finding。

7.考查形容詞的比較等級用法。原文中此處含有更有效的意思。故寫more effective。

8.考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。當(dāng)定語從句引導(dǎo)詞前油介詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用which。

9.考查冠詞。該處泛指一個(gè)，故寫a。

10.

考點(diǎn)：考查上下文的聯(lián)系、形容詞比較級、最高級、副詞、介詞短語、條件句、代詞、被動語態(tài)、非謂語動詞

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年廣西桂林第十八中學(xué)高二下開學(xué)英語試卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯(cuò)

下面短文中有10處語言錯(cuò)誤。請?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。 2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11除起）不計(jì)分。

Every child must learn one of life’s most important rules from his parents. For examples, never go off with a stranger, even if that stranger offers him a nice big cookie, an ice cream and a promise to go swimming. Therefore, for Julia, this concept is a little difficult to accept, especially when a stranger offers her something she can’t refuse it. Once her mother tests her: “A strange man says, ‘Julia, let’s go to eat cookies. ’How will you say? ”“I like that!” Julia answered rapid. In order to teach the “stranger danger” lesson to her daughter, this mother try again and again to let her daughter understand it not safe. In this way, she thinks she’s giving her daughter the great gift of all, safety.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015年高考原創(chuàng)英語預(yù)測卷 01（福建卷） 題型：閱讀理解

B

American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special “l(fā)anguage protein(蛋白質(zhì))” in the brain.

The study, conducted by neuroscientists (神經(jīng)學(xué)家)and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. “This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study. In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.

They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”, the frequencies higher than humans can hear, over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries, the males called out twice as often, they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females. The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast, males became less “talkative”.

The researchers then tested samples from ten children, aged between three and five, which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males, in a brain area key to language in humans.

“Based on our observations, we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girls and higher levels of Foxp2 in male rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more communicative sex,” said Prof McCarthy. “Our results imply Foxp2 as a component of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals. “

1.What can be inferred from the second paragraph？

A. women always speak more words than men.

B. men and male rats have low levels of language protein.

C. McCarthy isn’t the first to find females more talkative

D. women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2.

2.What does the underlined phrase “fussed over” in the third paragraph mean?

A.relyed on B. related to

C. put pressure on D. paid attention to

3. What’s the purpose of the experiments on rats carried out by the researchers?

A.To test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans.

B. To discover the association between Foxp2 protein and vocal communication.

C. To determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats.

D. To prove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are different.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage ?

A. Why women are the talkative sex

B. Tests on humans and rats

C. Sex differences in Foxp2 protein

D. Foxp2 protein determines oral ability

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015年高考原創(chuàng)英語預(yù)測卷 01（福建卷） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

With the ______word “ PM2.5” constantly appearing in _____media reports, people pay greater attention to it and seek health tips for smoggy days.

A. the; / B. the; the

C. a; the D. a; /

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年山東泰安市高三下學(xué)期一模診斷測試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

A team of scientists from University of Freiburg in Germany are developing a shoe with a sensor to automatically tie its laces(鞋帶)that could be taken off when users click their heels together．

It’s been 26 years since we saw them magically tightening Marty McFly’s Nike boots in the film Back to The Future．

Now，self-tying shoelaces could actually become a reality this year，proving right one of the film’s fantastical predictions for what 2015 would be like．

Engineers have designed a shoe that can automatically lace up，adjusting itself to the shape of your foot．

Simply slip the controller on and pressure sensors will tell the ‘smart shoe’ when your foot is in position，triggering(觸發(fā))a tiny motor in the heel that pulls the laces tight.

When you want to take off the shoes，you click your heels together twice and the motor will release a spring(彈簧)in the shoe’s tongue，which loosens the laces enough for you to slip them off．

And the invention doesn’t even need to be plugged in to charge or have its battery replaced because it runs on power generated by the swing of your foot as you walk.

Engineer K1evis Ylli，of the Institute for Micromachining and Information Technology in southern Gemany，said the shoes could help a variety of different people.

“One focus is that it could be used in shoes for elderly people who have mobility problems，”he said．“But it could also work for children，or as a lifestyle product．”．

The design，which is still in a prototype(雛形)stage，cleverly gets the energy of the foot’s swing when opposing magnets in each shoe move past each other. It then uses that power to charge a battery．An hour of walking is enough to tighten the laces once，and it requires no energy to undo the shoes because that relies on the spring alone.

1.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?

A．A fantastical prediction

B．A great invention in Germany

C．A shoe with self-tying laces

D．A popular lifestyle product

2.What can we learn about the shoes?

A．They can automatically take off．

B．They can adjust themselves to your foot．

C．They need to be charged once．

D．They have been in design for 26 years．

3.From the last paragraph we can know ____________．

A．the shoes have been put into use

B．the shoes need power to take off

C．the shoes promise to be popular

D．how the shoes work to produce energy

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年寧夏銀川一中高三第四次月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.

They found that almost all of the categories showed a drop in these “mood words” over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.

“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media — movies, radio, drama, had more emotional content than books.”

Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.

During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.

“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (壓抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’… perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”

1.The word "decline" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_________.

A. increase B. rise C. decrease D. change

2.A study of more than five million books indicated a decrease in “mood words” over time except_______.

A. in the use of the words of historical events

B. in the category of fear

C. in the category of literature

D. in the category of joy

3.What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. A study of emotional words.

B. A study about vocabulary in literature.

C. Reasons for the use of emotional words decreases in literature.

D. A study on increase in the category of fear.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年寧夏銀川九中高二上期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題

Most of us lead a busy life. 1. We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy”, or “If I could get a better job, then I would enjoy life.” But why not enjoy life right now?

Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings. 2. “There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!” And as Brodersen explains，“Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a friend’s smile that brightens your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up.”

Secondly, taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. Take me for example. 3. One universal simple pleasure is finding things that make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day.

Thirdly, don’t take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? 4. As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest time in relationships. Remove the attitude, what’s in it for me? Happiness is found in putting other’s interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness is a dead-end street.” 5. .

A. Be aware of beauty in nature.

B. In my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels.

C. Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life.

D. A short e-mail or phone call can make a world of difference to someone.

E. You don’t need to travel far to find beauty.

F. I delight in simple things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos.

G. So please treasure relationship.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年江西南昌第三中學(xué)高二上期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Leadership is the most significant word in todays competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style．Experts on leadership will quickly point out that“how things get done”influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things．When a noted leader on the art of management，Peter Drucker,coined the phrase“Management is doing things right；leadership is doing the right things，”he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms．

When Stephen Covey,founder and director of the Leadership Institute，explored leadership styles in the past decade，he focused on the habits of a great number of higllly effective individuals．His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example，which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德)and the personality ethic．The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty,loyalty,courage，patience，and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude，not behavior,that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude．In contrast to each of these ideas，Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness，and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments；To achieve a desired vision for your business，it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value．Business leadership means that managers need to“put first things first,” which implies that before leading others，you need to be clear on your own values，abilities，and strengths and be seen as trustworthy．

1.What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?

A．Leaders should be good at making right decisions．

B．Leaders should be good at doing things right．

C．Leaders should be good at ignoring distinctions．

D．Leaders should be skilled in predicting future．

2.Under what condition are people likely to succeed，in terms of what the personality ethic suggests?

A．When people have little determination，they will be successful．

B．When people have good behaviour，they will gain success．

C．If people have positive mental attitude, they are likely to succeed．

D．If people have negative mental attitude，they are certain to succeed．

3.How Can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments，according to Stephen Covey?

A．Firstly they have to think highly of themselves．

B．They are supposed to benefit themselves．

C．They can not adjust themselves．

D．First they must manage themselves．

4.What is the meaning ofthe underlined word “vision”?

A．Bright future． B．Good beginning．

C．Good scenery． D．Pretty background．

5.To be good leaders．what must managers Pay close attention to?

A．Universal principles of effectiveness．

B．Values，abilities and strengths．

C．Good qualities such as modesty．

D．Courage as well as patience．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年福建晉江平山中學(xué)高二上期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

You can’t imagine what trouble I had _____ this English article into Chinese.

A. to translate B. translated

C. translating D. been translating

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案