9.Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia---short-sightedness,a study suggests.Researchers say the"extraordinary rise"in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.
Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m.It is often caused by an elongation (拉抻)of the eyeball that happens when people are young.According to the research,the problem is being caused by a combination of factors-a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework.This in itself puts pressure on the eyes,but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part.Across many parts of South East Asia9children often have a lunchtime nap.According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from"high"myopia.One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障礙)and even blindness.These people are at considerable risk-sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses-they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades,researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition.But this study strongly suggests an alternative view."Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations.Whether it's a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome,it really doesn't matter,the thing that's changed is not the gene pool--it's the environment."
47.As is mentioned above,which factor mainly results in students'myopia in South East Asia?C
A.Genetic faults of the people.
B.Elongation of the eyeball.
C.The shortage of outdoor light.
D.Lack of research into the problem.
48.Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?D
A.A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.
B.Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.
C.It's necessary to treat myopia with an operation.
D.It's of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.
49.What's the main idea of the last paragraph?B
A.Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.
B.The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia.
C.Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools.
D.An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.
50.What's the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?D
A.Equip the classroom with better lights.
B.Look at the sun from time to time.
C.Do eyes exercise regularly.
D.Spend more time in the open air.
分析 本文屬于記敘文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章向我們講述的是如何保護好我們的眼睛不會受到近視的影響,作者在文章中分析了我們近視的原因,并提出了解決的方法,就是讓我們多倒戶外去運動.
解答 47.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Researchers say the"extraordinary rise"in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.可知導(dǎo)致東南亞人近視的主要原因是因為他們的戶外光短缺,故選C.
48.D 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework.This in itself puts pressure on the eyes,可知摩根教授認為減輕學(xué)習(xí)教育壓力對孩子的視力是有好處的,故選D.
49.B 段落大意題.根據(jù)最后一段Whether it's a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome,it really doesn't matter,the thing that's changed is not the gene pool---it's the environment."可知人們生活的環(huán)境才是導(dǎo)致近視的最主要的原因,故選B.
50.D 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章2,3段的最后一句According to the research,the problem is being caused by a combination of factors-a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.可知多花時間在戶外對這種病癥是有很大的作用的,故選D.
點評 考查學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力.做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.