CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They • put • something • that • can • separate • words • in • a • sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot.

When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma (逗號(hào)).

Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark (感嘆號(hào)) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy.” The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.

Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what?” or “How much did you pay for that dress?” Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.

1.From the first paragraph, we can know that _______.

A. good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks

B. a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece

C. ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks

D. the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times

2.The passage is developed _______.

A. by time B. by space

C. by comparison D. by importance

3.We can learn from the passage that _______.

A. ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks

B. exclamation and question marks came from Latin

C. spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century

D. Aldus Manutius first started to use commas

4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A. The combination of two marks will not work.

B. It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.

C. Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.

D. Punctuation marks are still changing today.

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加拿大高中生David在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上登出啟事，希望結(jié)識(shí)一位中國朋友，以便學(xué)習(xí)中國的語言、文化。假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)?jiān)诳吹竭@則啟事后，用英文給David發(fā)一封電子郵件，主要內(nèi)容包括：

1. 你怎樣得知David的愿望；

2. 你愿意成為他的朋友；

3. 你打算如何幫助他；

4. 你盼望他的回復(fù)。

注意事項(xiàng)：1電子郵件的格式已為你寫好。2.詞數(shù)：100詞左右。

Dear David,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

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You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain. You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power, and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there. All these can be called “always on” stress caused by smart phone addiction.

For some people, smart phones have liberated them from the nine-to-five work. Flexible working has given them more autonomy(自主權(quán)) in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their friends and families. For many others though, smart phones have become tyrants (暴君) in their pockets, never allowing them to turn them off, relax and recharge their batteries.

Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favour of his iPhone. So he developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage. The app enables users to see how much time They’re spending on the device and set up warnings if the usage limits are breached (突破). “Moment’s goal is to promote balance in your life,” his website explains. “Some time on your phone, some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends around you.”

Dr Christine Grant, an occupational psychologist at Coventry University, said, “The effects of this ‘a(chǎn)lways on’ culture are that your mind is never resting, and you’re not giving your body time to recover, so you’re always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get, the more mistakes we make. Physical and mental health can suffer.”

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1.What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The popularity of smart phones.

B. The progress of modern technology.

C. The signs of “always on” stress.

D. The cause of smart phone addiction.

2.Kevin Holesh developed Moment to ________.

A. research how people use their mobile phones

B. help people control their use of mobile phones

C. make people better use mobile phones

D. increase the fun of using mobile phones

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A. Confused.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Critical.

4.According to the last paragraph, a greater amount of data means ________.

A. we will become less productive

B. we can make a decision more quickly

C. we will be equipped with more knowledge

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A recent housing project in Helsinki offers remarkably cheap apartments for those under the age of 25. They must commit to spending time with their older neighbors.

Helsinki offers 247-suqare-foot studio apartments with a bathroom, storage space, kitchen, and balcony for only $272 every month—about a third of the average price for a studio in the city. The apartment is inside homes for the elderly, and the young renter must spend between three to five hours with their elderly neighbors each week.

Like pretty much all other major cities in the world, Finland’s capital of Helsinki has faced rapid population growth in recent years. And with population growth, comes an inevitable rise in the cost of living, and of course, sharp increase in rent. Currently, Helsinki is ranked 14th on the list of the world’s most expensive cities. For those young and freshly independent, this causes terrible problems — even homelessness.

"It's a very expensive city to live in," Mr. Bostrom writes in an email to CNN’s Eoghan Macguire. "If you manage to get an apartment that the city owns, it can be quite affordable. The screening criteria included the ability to participate in a variety of activities, such as cooking or playing instruments, but the number of applicants for those apartments is so high that waiting list takes forever,” he says.

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B. has financial problems

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B. difficult to afford

C. in short supply

D. popular with technicians

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B. Helsinki will overcome people’s prejudice.

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1.A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word

2.A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended

3.A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently

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5.A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality

6.A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking

7.A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings

8.A. while B. since C. until D. when

9.A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided

10.A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished

11.A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures

12.A. put B. mix C. build D. pick

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14.A. apart B. aside C. off D. back

15.A. over B. by C. with D. beyond

16.A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage

17.A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts

18.A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible

19.A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility

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完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

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While teaching in a primary school, I _________ how influential parents can be as children learn to write. _________when our daughter first began to scribble（亂涂）, I became _________ by her work. I offered praise for her _________, for I found that scribbling is far more complex and important than I had _________ . It was obvious that her scribbles, _________ being lovely art objects, showed a lot about her _________ of the world of writing.

Gradually, our family began writing a great deal. I sensed that writing helped Laurel learn _________ to read. As a matter of fact, by _________ my own child and her friends and by reading professional books, I became more and more _________ about how writing develops and how _________ can help children become eager writers.

1.A. left B. returned C. missed D. headed

2.A. turned up B. turned down C. looked up D. looked on

3.A. size B. shade C. model D. shape

4.A. ImmediatelyB. Suddenly C. Finally D. Usually

5.A. pictureB. article C. note D. page

6.A. felt B. wrote C. read D. heard

7.A. found B. imagined C. dreamed D. doubted

8.A. boring B. useful C. daily D. personal

9.A. important B. ordinary C. poor D. skilled

10.A. learned B. regarded C. considered D. discussed

11.A. Yet B. Though C. But D. So

12.A. disappointed B. attracted C. puzzled D. worried

13.A. effects B. efforts C. suggestions D. methods

14.A. cared B. insisted C. realized D. proved

15.A. besides B. far from C. instead of D. less than

16.A. argumentsB. fear C. understandingD. dislikes

17.A. when B. how C. what D. whether

18.A. noticing B. discovering C. checking D. observing

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假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文， 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

I should be very pleasant if you could come to my home and stay us for a few days in the summer holidays. My native village is much beautiful. I can imagine the time when we are going to spend together. Every morning they should take a walk in the neighboring hills, which we can enjoy the fresh air and sweet songs singing by the birds. In the afternoon, we shall go for swim in the river. At night we shall sit in the yard, chatting and observe the stars in the sky. Please let me know how you think about the plan. I do look forward to your coming to my home.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學(xué)年湖南瀏陽一中高二上入學(xué)考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達(dá)

假設(shè)你叫李華，你的一個(gè)朋友John剛從美國歸來，邀請(qǐng)你參加本周日在他家舉辦的朋友聚會(huì)，但你不能參加，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他寫一封電子郵件：

1. 表達(dá)想?yún)⒓拥囊庠福?/p>

2. 忙于準(zhǔn)備考試；

3. 由于感冒,身體不適；

4. 表示歉意并另約時(shí)間。

注意：可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫；詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給，不計(jì)入總字?jǐn)?shù)。

Dear John,

I’m extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Yours truly

Li Hua

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根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.” 1.

1 ) 2.

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, and better cars. 3. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.

2)Brilliant advances

One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. 4. Today it's half second.

3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

5. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血帶) around our necks.

A. Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence.

B. Overreaction to climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.

C. Shopping fuels invention.

D. And, of course, we earn more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.

E. In 1950 it was eight seconds.

F. It’s high time that we took immediate action to fight climate change.

G. Here's how he explains his views.

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