Would you want a doctor who got high marks in medical school just for trying hard? Apparently many college students would have no problem with that. They believe students are owed a good grade simply because they put a lot of effort into a class.
The researchers asked more than 800 undergraduates if they agreed or disagreed with some statements. For example: "If I have completed most of the reading for a class, I deserve a B in that course." And: "A professor should not be annoyed with me if I receive an important call during class."
Just 16 percent thought it was OK to take that phone call. But 66 percent agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student's work when deciding grades. And 40 percent thought they should get a B, the second highest mark, just because they did most of the reading for class.
Some experts are not surprised that students often see no difference between effort and results. Social critics like to say that in children's activities these days everyone gets an award just for trying, so no one will feel rejected.
Yet competition to get into the best colleges is fiercer than ever. Students may worry that low grades will keep them out of graduate school or a good job.
And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family's investment. These days, college can cost more than a house.
A former teaching assistant recently wrote to the New York Times about his experience with grade expectations. He would try to explain it this way when students asked for a top grade just for studying hard in chemistry class:
What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?
The students would say no. But most of them would still ask for an A.
小題1:What does the passage mainly discuss?
A．How students can get a good grade in the course.
B．Whether students are allowed to answer calls in class.
C．Whether students deserve high marks just for trying hard.
D．Why students put a lot of efforts in their studies.
小題2:According to the research, most of the students _______.
A. thought it was all right to answer the call during class.
B. objected to deciding grades only by the quality of a student’s work.
C. thought they did most of the work for class and should get a B.
D. agreed that they should be given top grades because of their hard work.
小題3: Which of the following opinions do social critics agree to about children’s activities?
A．Those who are active in the activities can get an award.
B．Only by playing an important role in the activities can you get an award.
C．An award is prepared for anyone who performs best in the activities.
D．Whoever takes part in the activities can get an award.
小題4:From the sixth paragraph we can learn that _____.
A．it costs much more to build a college than to buy a house.
B．the costs of studying at college are much more than staying at home.
C．the costs of sending a child to college are much more than buying a house.
D．it is difficult for parents to send a child to college.
小題5:What does the former assistant want to tell students with the example of the baseball player?
A．Effort can lead to good results.B．Effort is very necessary.
C．Effort and results are quite different.D．No good results, effort is unnecessary.

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:C

試題分析：本文屬于議論文，討論的話題是努力的過(guò)程和最終的結(jié)果哪一個(gè)更重要。文章中給出了不同的人的不同的觀點(diǎn)。
小題1:C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段段What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?和The students would say no. But most of them would still ask for an A可知本文討論的是如果學(xué)生努力了，就應(yīng)該得到較高的等級(jí)。而不要去看考試的結(jié)果。實(shí)際上也就是過(guò)程和結(jié)果的關(guān)系。故C正確。
小題2:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段4,5行But 66 percent agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student's work when deciding grades.可知大部分學(xué)生都認(rèn)為老師來(lái)決定等級(jí)的時(shí)候，不僅僅根據(jù)作業(yè)的質(zhì)量，還要看學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。故B正確。
小題3:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段后2行Social critics like to say that in children's activities these days everyone gets an award just for trying, so no one will feel rejected.可知他們認(rèn)為努力了就應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故D正確。
小題4:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)本段And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family's investment. These days, college can cost more than a house.
可知現(xiàn)在父母在學(xué)生的教育方面投資很大，都超過(guò)了購(gòu)買房子的費(fèi)用了。故C正確。
小題5:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?可知他認(rèn)為努力和結(jié)果還是有很多的差別的。這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員很努力，但是最后的結(jié)果還是不好，仍然不能被選中去參加比賽。故C正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文屬于議論文，討論的話題是努力的過(guò)程和最終的結(jié)果哪一個(gè)更重要。要求考生讀懂文章中的每個(gè)句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，再通過(guò)邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問(wèn)題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時(shí)我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分－推論的前提，從中推測(cè)出未知部分－推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評(píng)論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are only about 1,000 Hawaiian monk seals(夏威夷僧海豹) left and its population is going down 4% a year. Hawaiian monk seals are found in the northwest part of the Hawaiian Islands. They spend a lot of time at sea. They are able to dive 600 feet deep, and can stay under water for up to 20 minutes. Adults grow up to seven feet long, and weigh between 400 and 600 pounds. They can live as long as 30 years.
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Human disturbance(打擾) has been regarded as the important factor in the decrease of the monk seals. In fact, if human come too near a mother seal too often, she will go out to the sea. Unfortunately, this usually means death for the baby. It is now against the law for people to come within 100 yards of a seal on a beach.
Recent research has shown that the decrease in the Hawaiian monk seal population is due to lack of survival of these seals at one of the most important breeding(繁殖) beaches at French Frigate Shoals. Also, seals often get trapped in fishermen and by changes in weather patterns. If these threats(威脅) were not enough, during the breeding season, males will attack females until they are badly injured or finally killed.
小題1:What can we learn about Hawaiian monk seals?
A．They are in danger of dying out.
B．They spend most of the time on the beach.
C．They are the largest animals on the Hawaiian Islands.
D．They can stay under water as long as they like.
小題2:According to the text, a seal baby______.
A．is born at sea
B．is fed on fat by the mother
C．stays with its parents all life
D．is looked after by its mother for 6 weeks
小題3:It can be inferred from the text that______.
A．sharks are a threat to Hawaiian monk seals
B．male monk seals fight each other for females in the breeding season
C．when disturbed by people, the mother seal will protect the baby seal
D．Hawaiian monk seals give birth usually in July
小題4:What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?
A．Ways to protect Hawaiian monk seals。
B．The struggle of Hawaiian monk seals to survive.
C．The reasons for the decline(減少) of Hawaiian monk seals.
D．The influence of climate change on Hawaiian monk seals.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Why should you go to college? One important answer to this question is more __16___. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are _17___ to get the number of high-paid jobs that were __18__ available. The U.S. has been changed from a manufacturing-based economy into an economy based on ___19_, and the importance of a college education today can be _20___ to that of a high school education forty years ago. It __21__ as the gateway to better choices and more opportunity.
There are __22_ reasons as to why it is important to go to college. When students _23__ a post-secondary education, they have the opportunity to read books and listen to the __24__ of top experts in their fields. It __25__ students to think, ask questions, and __26_ new ideas, which allows for additional growth and ___27_ and provides college graduates with an edge in the job market __28__ those who have not experienced a higher education.
The importance of a college education is also because of the opportunity to __29__ valuable resources. The more connections which are __30___ during your college career, the more _31___ you will have when you begin your job search. Once you have ended your job search and have started your career, ___32__, the importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often __33_ greater promotion opportunity.
So, why should you go to college? The reasoning does not begin and end with the _34___ aspect. A good education is __35__ from many different viewpoints, and while the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.
小題1:
A．timeB．freedomC．respectD．opportunity
小題2:
A．likelyB．unableC．a(chǎn)fraidD．unwilling
小題3:
A．onceB．justC．neverD．a(chǎn)lso
小題4:
A．natureB．cultureC．knowledgeD．a(chǎn)griculture
小題5:
A．referredB．a(chǎn)ddedC．devotedD．compared
小題6:
A．followsB．servesC．unitesD．disappears
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)dditionalB．secretC．interestingD．financial
小題8:
A．discussB．ignoreC．experienceD．imagine
小題9:
A．storiesB．requestsC．suggestionD．lecture
小題10:
A．helpsB．encouragesC．forbidsD．a(chǎn)dvises
小題11:
A．designB．exploreC．changeD．refuse
小題12:
A．developmentB．paymentC．a(chǎn)greementD．experiment
小題13:
A．forB．overC．inD．with
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)dmireB．satisfyC．gainD．notice
小題15:
A．removedB．collectedC．explainedD．controlled
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A．inventionsB．choicesC．worriesD．salaries
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A．besidesB．thereforeC．howeverD．otherwise
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A．savesB．includesC．ensuresD．means
小題19:
A．lifeB．characterC．communicationD．job
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In most parts of the world, many students help their school make less pollution. They join in “environment(環(huán)境) clubs”. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.
Here are the things students often do.
Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets.
No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car—not the students and not the teachers! Cars give pollution to our air, so remember:
Walk, jump, bike or run.
Use your legs! It’s lots of fun!
No-garbage(垃圾) lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school!
We love our environment. Let’s work together to make it clean!
小題1:After mending the broken toilets, they save ________.
A．a(chǎn) small riverB．a(chǎn) lot of waterC．a(chǎn) toiletD．a(chǎn) year
小題2:On a no-car day, ________ will take a car to school.
A．only studentsB．only teachers
C．both students and teachersD．neither students nor teachers
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A．to run to school every dayB．to play sports every day
C．not to throw away lunch bagsD．not to forget to take cars
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A．a(chǎn)t schoolB．in clubsC．a(chǎn)t homeD．in shops
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Education is not an end , but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In many modern countries it has for some time been fashionable（流行的）to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid --- one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough: we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees（學(xué)位）they refuse to do what they think "low" work; and in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor: we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns…
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability, and secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be unwilling to do one's work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
小題1:In the writer’s opinion,_________
A．free education for all probably leads to a perfect world
B．a(chǎn)ll the social problems can’t be solved by education
C．education can solve most of the world’s problems
D．free education will help to solve all the problems of society
小題2:The writer wants to prove that _______
A．a(chǎn) farmer is more important than a professor
B．our society needs free education for all
C．our society needs all kinds of jobs
D．work with hands is the most important
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A．build a perfect worldB．let everyone receive education
C．choose officials for the countryD．prepare children mainly for their future work
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A．The type of educationB．The value of education
C．The means of educationD．The system of education
小題5:What can we learn from the text?
A．Work with hands is thought to be shameful in some modern countries.
B．In all modern countries, free education has been fashionable.
C．A perfect nation can solve all the problems of society.
D．A professor is far more important than a farmer.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Now, there is a growing movement to pay the students in American schools---in some cases, even just for coming to class.
Students at one school in New Mexico can earn up to three hundred dollars a year for good attendance. In Baltimore, Maryland, high scores in state graduation tests can be worth more than one hundred dollars. And a New Jersey school system plans to pay students fifty dollars a week to attend after---school tutoring programs.
Schools that pay students can be found in more than one---fourth of the fifty states. Other schools pay students with food or other rewards.
Robert Schaefer is a public education director. He says paying students may improve performance in the short term, but students develop false expectations for the future. He sees a lack of long term planning in these programs because of the pressure on schools to raise test scores.
Public schools need to show improvement under the education reform law. Low---performing schools may lose their federal money; teachers and administrators(行政人員) may lose their jobs. Often these schools are in poor neighborhoods where getting students to go to school can be a continual problem.
Critics(評(píng)論家) say paying students sends a message that money is the only valuable reward. But some students say it makes school more exciting. And some teachers have reported getting more requests for extra help.
In two thousand four, the city schools in Coshocton, Ohio, launched a program. They wanted to see if paying elementary school students as much as one hundred dollars would help in passing the state exams.
Now, Eric Bettinger of Case Western Reserve University (EUCWRU) has reported mixed results. Math scores increased, but only white students were able to get paid. And there was no evidence of higher scores in reading, social studies and science. Official will decide later this year whether to continue the program.
小題1:Paying students who show improvement in tests __________.
A．has been done in most American schools
B．is becoming a growing practice in the USA
C．is not very popular with teachers
D．only aims at high scores at school
小題2:According to the text, Robert Schaefer _____________.
A．is a very excellent teacher
B．thinks highly of paying students
C．thinks students will show improvement in study in the future
D．thinks people should make a careful plan for the paying program
小題3:From the last paragraph we can see __________.
A．EBCWRU has got great success in its paying program
B．not all the students in EUCWRU have made progress in all subjects
C．only students who study math can get paid
D．EBCWRU will go on with the paying program
小題4:The text is mainly written to _____________.
A．persuade teachers to give students more prizes
B．tell people how to become an excellent student
C．introduce something about American paying students program
D．explain the advantages of American paying students program

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

C
Education is not an end but a means to an end．In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them．Our purpose is to fit them for life．
In some modern countries, it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation．But we have already seen that free education for all is not enough; we find in some countries a far larger number of people with university degrees．They refuse to do what they think “l(fā)ow” work and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries．But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of professor．We can live without education, but we die if we have no food．If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases．
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in certain ways．Firstly each of us can do whatever work suited to our brains and ability．Secondly, we should realize that all jobs are necessary to society．It is very bad to be shamed of one’s work．Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society．
小題1:What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Means of Education．B．The System of Education．
C．The Value of Education．D．The Type of Education．
小題2:From the second paragraph of the passage we know that ________．
A．work with hands is low work because it is dirty and shameful．
B．the work of the completely uneducated is the most important．
C．education is no more important than food in order to live．
D．we shouldn’t think of work with hands as low work．
小題3:What kind of educational system is valuable to society?
A．A large number of people can go to university．
B．Everyone can solve all the problems of society．
C．All the people can get free education．
D．Everyone must be educated differently to fit them for society．
小題4:What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Our society needs all kinds of jobs．
B．Free education for all is enough．
C．A farmer is more important than a professor．
D．People with university degrees shouldn’t do low work．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Making friends is a skill like most skills. It improves with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take some action. You must first go where there are people. You won’t make friends staying home alone.
Joining a club or a group, talking with those who like the same things as you do is much easier. Or join someone in some activity.
Many people are nervous when talking to new people. After all meeting strangers means facing the unknown. And it’s human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about unknown. Most of our fears about dealing with new people comes from doubts about ourselves. We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But don’t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself as you are, and try to put the other person at ease. You’ll both feel more comfortable.
Try to act self-confident even if you don’t feel that way. When you enter a room full of strangers, such as a new classroom, walk tall and straight, look directly at other people and smile.
If you see someone you’d like to speak to, say something. Don’t wait for the other person to start a conversation.
Just meeting someone new does not mean that you will make friends with that person—friendship is based on mutual liking and “give and take”. It takes time and effort to develop.
小題1:The best topic of the passage may be ________.
A．FriendshipB．Making friendsC．Meeting New PeopleD．Facing the Unknown
小題2:Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．Making friends needs practicing.
B．Making friends needs to be more active in getting in touch with people.
C．When meeting someone, make him feel nice and easy.
D．Before making friends with someone, judge him if he’s too this or too that.
小題3:The development of friendship needs ________.
A．a(chǎn) lot of moneyB．lots of conversation
C．time and effortD．carefully judging

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the near future, people in some parts of the world will watch a new kind of television. It is called the high definition television or the HD-TV. The main difference between an HD-TV and a normal television is the picture. It is more clear and detailed. This is because the HD-TV has many more points and lines that make a television image. Every color television picture contains thousands of red, green and blue points. They all come together as an image in the eye of the person watching. The points are organized in lines that go across the television screen. There are more than five hundred lines in a normal television. The HD-TV has two times as many. To get this clear picture, you must have a big screen. Experts say people using a small screen will see little difference.
The HD-TV also has clear sound. It is like the sound on a CD. All these improvements make an HD-TV very costly. One kind in Japan now sells for more than twenty thousand dollars .A major problem with the HD-TV is its broadcast signal（傳播信號(hào).The signal is bigger than normal because it carries more electronic information.
小題1: What is the main difference between an HD-TV and a normal television?  It is        .
A．the picture B．the shapeC．the voiceD．the weight
小題2: What is a color TV image?
A．It is made up of thousands of red, green, and blue points.
B．Points are organized in lines that go across the TV screen.
C．It is a black and white picture
D．Both A and B
小題3: How many lines does an HD-TV have?
A．Over 250B．More than 500
C．More than 1,000 D．About 250
小題4: What should you do if you want to get a clear and detailed picture from an HD-TV?
A. You must have the bigger signal for the HD-TV. 
B. You have to get a big screen.
C. You should have a compact disc player.     
D. Both A and B.

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