CHICAGO ---Call it a reward, or just “bribery(賄賂)”.
Whichever it is, many parents today readily admit to buying off their children, who get goodies(好東西) for anything from behaving in a restaurant to sleeping all night in their own beds.
That’s what worries parenting experts.
“I think that reward systems have a time and a place and work really well in certain situations,” says Marcy Safyer, director of the Adelphi University Institute for Parenting.
“But what often gets lost for people is being able to figure out how to communicate to their kids that doing the thing is rewarding enough,” Safyer says.
Parents and experts alike agree that the dynamic(動力) is partly a reflection of the world we live in. It’s unrealistic to think a parent wouldn’t reward their children with material things sometimes, says Robin Lanzi, a clinical psychologist and mother of four who’s the research director at the Center on Health and Education at Georgetown University.
“But you want to make sure that they match the behavior, so it’s not something huge for something small,” Lanzi says.
She recalls hearing about a father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system for scoring a couple goals in a soccer game.
Elizabeth Powell, a mother of two young daughters in Austin, Texas, knows what she means.
“You want to raise them in a way that they’re respectful and appreciate things,” Powell says of her children. “But sometimes, you wonder now if kids appreciate even a new pair of shoes. ”
【小題1】Parenting experts are worried that ____ .
| A．today’s children are fed up with material things |
| B．parents are rewarding their kids improperly |
| C．today’s children are more and more demanding(苛求的) |
| D．there is lack of communication between parents and children |
| A．reward systems are quite limited in developing abilities |
| B．reward systems work well regardless of（不管） time and place |
| C．reward systems are still not made full use of to develop abilities |
| D．reward systems are often used at the wrong time and place |
| A．She holds a different opinion from other parenting experts. |
| B．She thinks children can’t behave well without being rewarded. |
| C．She holds a similar belief to Safyer and gives further explanation. |
| D．She doesn’t believe in rewarding children for good behavior. |
| A．over-rewarding his child |
| B．giving his child proper reward |
| C．respecting and appreciating his child |
| D．giving something small for something huge |
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The United States is one of the richest countries in the world. Most people live in urban areas, and the large stretch of land left unused is full of scenic beauty. On the one hand it is proud of its urban areas, and on the other hand, it has the rich wealth of forests, mountains, plains and much more.
On the east coast of the country there are cities like New York, the leading city in business. Washington, D.C. is the capital of the country, where you will get an opportunity to see the White House. The city will simply impress you, with many museums showing the culture, lifestyle, art and architecture of the country. Another place worth visiting is Miami, one of the most popular international tourist destinations. It is also well known for its Latin culture, wonderful urban nightlife and beaches.
Moving to the west coast, you will come across the most amazing places in which to relax. Los Angeles is the place where you can see life in all its many forms; this city is world-famous for its Hollywood film industry. It also has beaches that can offer breathtaking surfing experiences.
Moving on to the Pacific Coast Highway, we get to see the beauty of San Francisco. Clean beaches and mountains topped (蓋住) by clouds are worth seeing. Travelers can enjoy day trips to beaches, deserts and wine-producing regions. Chicago lies on the shore of the Great Lakes and is believed to be the fastest growing city in the world, with its high standard of living and rich lifestyles. The city is a center for many theaters and is world-famous for its strong tradition of music jazz and the blues.
According to the first paragraph, we know that ______.
A. most American people live in the countryside
B. a lot of land has not been used in the US
C. the US has the largest forest in the world
D. the US has a larger area of urban land than wild land
Which city in the US is famous for its Latin culture?
A. New York. B. San Francisco.
C. Los Angeles. D. Miami.
Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The article refers to four cities on the east coast.
B. You can go to Los Angeles to experience surfing.
C. You cannot enjoy the blues in Chicago.
D. San Francisco is a center for many theaters.
What is the text mainly about?
A. One of the reasons why the US is rich.
B. The customs and culture of the US.
C. A brief introduction to some American cities.
D. The beautiful landscapes of the US.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Our bodies are wonderfully skillful at keeping balance．When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down．When our blood pressure falls, our hearts can do something．As it turns out, though, our natural state is always changing．Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function changes regularly with the cycles of sun, moon and seasons．And their insights （洞察力） are getting new ways for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer．Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge of the scientific use of time in medicine．But according to a new American Medical Association, three out of four are eager to change that．“The field is exploding,” says Michael Smolensky．“Doctors used to look at us like, What spaceship did you get off ? Now they're thirsty to know more．”
In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic conditions should take their medicine regularly．“It’s a terrible way to treat disease,” says Dr Richard Martin．For example, asthmatics （氣喘患者） are most likely to suffer during the night．Yet most patients try to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night, whether by breathing in on an inhaler （吸入器） four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening．In recent studies, researchers have found that a large mid afternoon dose of a bronchodilator （支氣管擴張劑） can be as safe as several small doses, and better for preventing nighttime attacks．
If the night belongs to asthma, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease．Heart attacks are twice as common at 9 a．m．a(chǎn)s at 11 p．m．Part of the reason is that our blood pressure falls at night, then rises as we start to work for the day．“Doctors know that,” says Dr．Henry Black of Chicago's Medical Center, “but until now, we haven't been able to do anything about it．” Most blood - pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief （減緩）．But because they’re taken in the morning, they're least effective when most needed．“You take your pill at 7 and it's working by 9,” says Dr．William White of the University of Connecticut Health Center “But by that time you've gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection．” Bedtime medicine would prevent high blood pressure, but it would also push blood pressure to dangerously low levels during the night．
Researchers are finding that _________ ．
A．heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beings
B．only blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of sun, moon and seasons
C．the functions of human bodies have much to do with nature
D．a(chǎn)ny change in human bodies goes with changes in the surroundings
According to the author, it is best for asthmatics to take their medicine _________ ．
A．a(chǎn)t certain time
B．each morning and evening
C．when the disease occurs
D．a(chǎn)t midafternoon
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Doctors know more about illnesses than before．
B．Doctors in the U．S．used to be thirsty to know more about the new medical field．
C．The researchers' insights are providing new methods to prevent common killers．
D．The correct use of time in medicine attracts more attention in medical circle in the U．S．A．
The suggested title for this passage might be _________．
A．Medicine Is Everything B．Treatment Is Everything
C．Timing Is Everything D．Prevention Is Everything
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the Women’s Liberation Movement in the
In 1896 the family moved to
It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didn’t like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major field―physics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.
Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters of anger to various newspapers. An editor in
61. Where did Agnes spend her childhood?
A. Missouri. B. Chicago.
C.
62. At school, Agnes was good at .
A. physics and painting
B. maths and painting
C. writing and maths
D. physics and writing
63. What happened in Agnes’s life when she was in college?
A. She learned to accept the fact that men and women were unequal.
B. She learned that it was impossible for a woman to be a scientist.
C. She came to know of the inequality between men and women.
D. She developed her personal way of writing.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆河南鄭州第四中學(xué)高三第十四次調(diào)考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Dickson Despommier, a public health professor at Columbia University in New York City developed an idea with his students nine years ago. They imagined people in cities growing crops inside a tall building. Tomatoes could grow on one floor of the skyscraper(摩天大樓), potatoes on the next, small animals and fish on the floor above.
This vertical(垂直的) farm, or "farmscraper", could have space for restaurants and other places that serve food, like schools or hospitals. They could serve foods that are truly locally grown.
But why would anyone want to build a farm indoors in a city? Dickson Despommier believes it will become necessary. The world needs to find places to produce enough food to feed the growing population. Space, he says, is an all-important issue.
The professor also points to the problems of traditional farms. They use a lot of freshwater. Their fertilizer and animal waste can pollute water resources. And their growing seasons can be limited.
But inside the vertical farm, crops could grow all year. And there would be no wind to blow away soil. Farmers would not have to worry about too much or too little rain, or about hot summers, freezing winters or insects. And without insects there would be no need for chemicals to kill them.
Farm machines that .use fossil fuels, like tractors, would not be needed either. And water could be recycled for drinking. "The vertical farm reuses everything, so there is no waste," says Professor Despommier.
Even buildings could be saved. Old buildings could become new farms and provide jobs.
The professor has been actively proposing the idea to cities as far away as Dubai and Canada. But so far it exists only in plans and drawings, and a model at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.
Critics say building a farmscraper would cost too much, especially considering the price of land in many cities. Dickson Despommier estimates the cost at about twenty to thirty million dollars.
But he says the building would not have to be very tall. And his graduate students have found many empty lots and unused buildings in New York City that could provide space.
【小題1】According to the passage the purpose of proposing the idea of a farm scraper is to .
| A．find places to produce enough food |
| B．serve food that are truly locally grown |
| C．prevent polluting the limited land |
| D．save fresh water |
| A．It costs less |
| B．It saves labor power. |
| C．It consumes too much energy |
| D．It is more environmentally friendly. |
| A．it uses too much land in cities |
| B．it costs too much to build one |
| C．it causes people to lose their jobs |
| D．it exists only in unrealistic plans |
| A．A vertical farm has been built in Chicago. |
| B．Old buildings could be changed into new farms. |
| C．Traditional farms use less water but pollute more water |
| D．There are some vertical farms being put into use in Canada. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年河南六市高三第二次聯(lián)考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配
Doctors Say Most Heart Disease Preventable
Heart disease is the number one killer, worldwide, of men and women over the age of 60. But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year. And while death rates have declined in the U.S. and many western European countries, they are on the rise in the developing world. 1. .
No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack. She was not overweight. She did not smoke or exercise.“In 2004, the week after I turned 49, when I was on a business trip in Chicago, I had a major heart attack," she said. 2. . She now exercises daily, and monitors her heart health.
Dr. Patrice Nickens, who is with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable. “3. ,” she said, “Men are also facing the same problem, and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers”.
“Your weight, your blood cholesterol, blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk,” she said.
4. .
“And the steps to take are simple: don’t smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks,” she said.
African-Americans are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease and stroke; people don't even know they have it, which increases the risk. Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population. 5. . For example, helping the people monitor their blood pressure. If people realize they are at risk for heart disease, they'll make lifestyle changes: lose weight, exercise, eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor
A. A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease
B. So we must cure heart disease
C. It is the leading cause of death for women
D. With the right training, they can play an important role in community health
E. And that changed her life
F. Lack of exercise causes heart attacks
G. Yet most heart disease is preventable.
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