Question

As a public school superintendent(督導(dǎo)), I believe the best way to prepare students for colleges and careers is to focus on providing instructional programs and opportunities that help them become good thinkers. To do this, teachers and actually everyone else in a community, should play a role as a “cognitive coach” to students, helping develop good thinkers among our youth.

The best way for you to become a cognitive coach is to seek out and engage school children and adolescents in meaningful conversations. The objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what they believe whenever and wherever you may find them. It may be in a classroom. It may be at the grocery store. It may be at a basketball game. It doesn’t matter where as long as you engage students in a topical conversation and, hopefully, even a debate. Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things. Get them to take a position on “this thing, or that thing,” and ask them to support their position with evidence. Curiously enough, the simple process of engaging students in real life conversations and debates will serve to strengthen what they have learned in the classroom, and help them create their own knowledge about a subject or a topic.

Learning indicates that a student has been exposed to material, understands the material, and can recall the information. Knowledge, on the other hand, goes beyond recall and includes information processing, application to other situations, consideration of meaning, and contrasting with other concepts. Naturally, the topic of conversation you engage in with one of your learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on child’s age and developmental level. Even a kindergartener has an opinion about things that are going on in his or her life. Engaging in conversation with any members of your learning community in ways that get at what they have learned and what they know will help them develop higher order reasoning skills.

A student’s synthetic thinking(綜合思維) process occurs when a respected adult asks a question, particularly a question that requires reflection. I think all adults in a community have a responsibility to help children with this process, with the goal of producing independent thinkers.

1.According to writer, what most helps develop students’ thinking?

A. Enlarging one’s knowledge.

B. Learning from respected adults.

C. Attending instructional programs.

D. Making evidence-based arguments.

2.Which is the best question raised by a cognitive coach?

A. What have you learnt recently?

B. Will you pay by the credit card?

C. Where are you going this weekend?

D. How do you like this basketball team?

3.The writer mentions a kindergartener in Paragraph 3 in order to _____.

A. emphasize the importance of being a good thinker

B. suggest that education should start at an early age

C. prove that even children have their own ways of thinking

D. explain the necessity of choosing proper conversation topics

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To state an education idea.

B. To assess a teaching strategy.

C. To introduce a learning method.

D. To compare different education methods.

Answer 1

1.D

2.D

3.D

4.A

【解析】

試題分析: 本文就成年人有責(zé)任培養(yǎng)孩子們成為獨(dú)立的思考者來論述。

1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中第二段Get them to take a position on “this thing, or that thing,” and ask them to support their position with evidence. 讓他們就"這件事或那件事，"采取一個(gè)立場，要求他們提供證據(jù)來支持他們的立場�？芍�提出基于證據(jù)的論點(diǎn)最能幫助培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思考能力。故選D。

2. objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what they believe whenever and wherever you may find them.這里的目標(biāo)是讓孩子們討論他們在想什么，他們感覺怎么樣和他們相信什么，什么時(shí)間、在哪里你可以找到他們。以及Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things.主要是你要讓學(xué)生們說出他們對于事情的觀點(diǎn)。故作為一個(gè)認(rèn)知教練最可能問的問題是你的觀點(diǎn)是什么，故選D。

3. the topic of conversation you engage in with one of your learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on child’s age and developmental level.自然地，你與你的任何一個(gè)學(xué)者交流的話題將會(huì)不同于每一個(gè)學(xué)生并且是基于兒童年齡和發(fā)展水平的。故提到的kindergartener是為了解釋選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)慕涣髟掝}。故選D。

4. 主旨理解題。從全文第一段與最后一段可以看出，作者提出為了幫助學(xué)生成為好的思考者，老師和家長要辦好作為認(rèn)知教練的角色，為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合思維，社區(qū)里的成年人都有責(zé)任來幫助孩子們實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。故作者在傳授一種教育理念。故選A。

考點(diǎn)：考察社會(huì)教育類閱讀