Question

【題目】 A single cigarette sold on a street corner may not cost a lot; however, the whole costs of smoking are huge.

First, consider the cost of human life. About 10 people die of a tobacco-related disease every minute. Most of these preventable deaths happen in low-income and middle-income countries. The World Bank says each of these countries has a total national income of less than $ 12,746.

The World Health Organization says tobacco kills 6 million people yearly -a number that is expected to rise to 8 million by 2030 unless immediate action is taken.

But smoking costs more than the life of a person. It can affect the health of the whole country. The World Health Organization says low-income countries depend heavily on taxes from cigarettes. They use the money, in part, to pay the costs of health care for tobacco-related diseases.

But the illegal trade in tobacco products is further testing the economies of low-income countries. WHO officials say the illegal trade earns about $ 31 billion every year.

Douglas Bettcher is the director of the W HO s Department for the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases. He calls the illegal trade a monster with many heads. He says the trade enables young people to buy cigarettes at low prices, become addicted to tobacco and suffer from serious health problems. It also increases crime and reduces taxes.

The World Health Organization is strongly suggesting that the U. N. member states sign an agreement to end the illegal trade in tobacco products. Eight countries have agreed to the agreement. But the agreement of 32 other countries is still needed for it to become an international law.

If the agreement succeeds, governments could put people who trade illegal tobacco products in prison-another cost to countries budgets.

【1】Where are people dying of a tobacco related disease mostly from?

A.Developed countries.B.Old countries.

C.Underdeveloped countries.D.New countries.

【2】Which of the following about the whole costs of smoking is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A.Destroying the environment.

B.Being harmful to human life.

C.Affecting the whole country’s economy.

D.Causing the illegal trade.

【3】What’s the main idea of Paragraph 6?

A.Some action has been taken by the WHO.

B.The illegal trade in tobacco products is harmful.

C.Young people who are addicted to smoking may commit a crime.

D.An agreement to end the illegal trade in tobacco products is being signed.

【4】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A.Smoking Costs More than You Think

B.Different Ways to Stop Smoking

C.The Illegal Trade in Tobacco Products

D.Immediate Action to Stop Smoking

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。吸煙的代價(jià)遠(yuǎn)比想象得嚴(yán)重，不僅損害個(gè)人的生命，還會影響整個(gè)國家的健康。世界衛(wèi)生組織督促聯(lián)合國成員國簽署協(xié)議終止煙草產(chǎn)品的非法貿(mào)易。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Most of these preventable deaths happen in low-income and middle-income countries.”可知，吸煙造成的死亡主要發(fā)生在中低收入的國家，即不發(fā)達(dá)國家。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“First, consider the cost of human life.”可知，文章提到了吸煙對人類生命的危害；根據(jù)第五段“But the illegal trade in tobacco products is further testing the economies of low-income countries.”可知，文章提到了吸煙導(dǎo)致非法貿(mào)易及影響低收入國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)。文章并未提及吸煙破壞環(huán)境，故選A項(xiàng)。

【3】

段落大意題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容尤其是最后兩句“He says the trade enables young people to buy cigarettes at low prices, become addicted to tobacco and suffer from serious health problems. It also increases crime and reduces taxes.”可知，本段主要是說煙草產(chǎn)品的非法貿(mào)易是有害的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【4】

主旨大意題。文章第一段點(diǎn)明主題“the whole costs of smoking are huge”，接下來具體講述了吸煙的危害，即威脅人類生命、影響整個(gè)國家的健康、煙草產(chǎn)品的非法貿(mào)易的危害及世界衛(wèi)生組織的呼吁，所以A項(xiàng)“吸煙的代價(jià)超出你想象”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。

本題中第4小題為主旨大意類中的標(biāo)題類。概括標(biāo)題的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭找主題句，本文第一段中“the whole costs of smoking are huge”是主題句。然后再逐段梳理主旨大意，第二、三段主要介紹了吸煙對個(gè)人生命的損害，第四段介紹吸煙影響整個(gè)國家的健康，接下來的段落講述了非法煙草貿(mào)易的危害及世界衛(wèi)生組織的呼吁，由此可見A項(xiàng)“吸煙的代價(jià)超出你想象”概括最全面。所以A項(xiàng)正確。