下面文章中有5處（第61-65題）需要添加小標題。請從以下選項（A、B、C、D、E和F）中選出符合各段意思的小標題，選項中有一項是多余選項。

A．Structure of a hurricane

B．Preparing for a Hurricane

C. How Hurricanes Move

D. How Hurricanes start

E. Hurricane Names

F. Hurricane Damage

Hurricanes

Hurricanes are gigantic tropical storms that can be hundreds of kilometers wide. They bring along very strong winds and a lot of rainfall. They often cause flooding near the coasts and sea levels rise.

1. __________________________

Hurricanes are born over tropical oceans, usually during late summer and early autumn. They need two things to get them started: heat and moist air. During the summer the ocean surface heats up and warm moist air starts to rise. Cool air sinks down to replace it. This creates an area of low pressure. The rotation of the earth creates winds around the center of such a low-pressure area. In the northern hemisphere the air moves counter clockwise, in the southern part clockwise. Such a system is called a cyclone. When warm air rises, it cools and creates clouds. Soon, thunderstorms form and it starts to rain.

All hurricanes begin as cyclones but not all cyclones become storms or hurricanes. Some die out a few days after they start. They don’t have enough energy to become a hurricane. When winds are stronger than 119 km an hour a storm officially becomes a hurricane.

2. __________________________

The center of a hurricane is called the eye, a calm area with little rainfall. It is about 30 to 50 km wide. Inside the eye the sea can rise up to one meter because the air moves up. The eye wall is around the eye. This is an area of thunderstorms, rain and the strongest winds—up to 300 km an hour. Then come long bands of rain clouds that are curved towards the center of the hurricane.

3. __________________________

In the northern hemisphere hurricanes normally move in a westward direction and then they turn north and northeast. Their path takes them away from the warm tropical water of the equator. When hurricanes move over colder water or over land they lose a lot of their energy. They slow down and as time goes on, they disappear. In the southern hemisphere their path leads them to the south and southeast.

4. __________________________

When a tropical storm forms over the Caribbean Sea it gets a name. Every year the first storm of the season is given a name that starts with the letter A, the second storm gets a name starting with B and so on. Years ago only women’ s names were used for tropical storms. Today male and female names alternate –for example, the first storm is named Alexandra, the second one Billy, then Catherine etc. Each year new names are used so that you can connect a storm to a certain year.

5. __________________________

Hurricanes are causing more and more damage throughout the Gulf Region, mainly because the population is constantly growing. Many things can be done to protect yourself and your property during a hurricane: Keep emergency supplies of food and water; keep a battery-powered radio ready in case the power goes out. Listen to the instructions you get; keep the gas tank of your car full, in case you have to leave quickly; protect your house by nailing plywood over the windows and doors. Tie down loose objects; find out which roads are best to take you away from the storm; leave your house as soon as you are ordered to evacuate, etc.

 

【答案】

 D

 A

 C

 E

 B

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了颶風的形成過程，命名原則以及颶風的結構和人們應對颶風的準備工作。

 D 根據(jù)本部分Hurricanes are born over tropical oceans, usually during late summer and early autumn.這兩段內容講述的是颶風是如何形成的，形成的條件和過程，故D正確。

 A 根據(jù)The center of a hurricane 和Inside the eye 以及This is an area of thunderstorms都說明該部分是關于颶風的結構。故A項正確。

 C 根據(jù)本部分第一句In the northern hemisphere hurricanes normally move in a westward direction and then they turn north and northeast.說明本段是關于颶風的移動的路線和方向，故C正確。

 E 根據(jù)本段第一句When a tropical storm forms over the Caribbean Sea it gets a name.說明本部分是颶風命名的原則，故E項正確。

 B 根據(jù)本部分2,3行Many things can be done to protect yourself and your property during a hurricane說明本部分是關于對颶風的準備工作，如何避免在颶風中蒙受損失。

考點：考查科普類短文閱讀

點評：本文講述了颶風的形成過程，命名原則以及颶風的結構和人們應對颶風的準備工作。要敏銳地抓住每一段的主題句，通常是第一句或者最后一句，來判斷每一段的中心思想然后進行匹配。

 

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