Question

19．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
          2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
Two men were traveling together while a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that he must be attacked，immediate lay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose and smelt him all over，he held breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touches a dead body．When he was gone，the other travelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered to his ear．"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never to travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：本文是一則寓言故事．  兩個人一起走著．途中，突然有一只熊與他們相遇，其中有一個以極快的速度爬到樹上，隱藏在樹枝叢中．而另外一個快要被襲擊了，
他就立刻平躺在地上，熊來到后在他的身上嗅來嗅去，他屏著呼吸，并盡量裝出一副死人的樣子．熊不久就離開他了，因為據(jù)說熊是不吃死人的．樹上的人下來后，問滑稽地問熊在他耳邊說了什么．"他給了我一個建議，"他的同伴說道，"不要與一個在危難面前丟棄你的人一起同行"．

解答 Two men were traveling together while  a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that 
                                                 when                                                                                   a
he must be attacked，immediatelay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose 
                                 immediately                                                                             felt
and smelt him all over，he held∧breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touchesa dead body．
                                             his                                                                                               touch
When he was gone，the othertravelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered tohis ear．
                                         traveler                                                                           what                                   in
"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never  to  travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"
                                                                                               去掉to
1．while 改為when 考查連詞．本句中表示"就在此時"，后面是瞬間動詞，不可以用while．
2．the改為a，考查冠詞，某個可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)第一次出現(xiàn)一般用不定冠詞．
3．immediate改為immediately，考查副詞，本句中修飾動詞，所以用副詞形式．
4．feeling改為felt，考查非謂語動詞． 本句中前面是主句部分，后面應該是分詞作狀語．feel和主語是主動關系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞．
5．held∧加his，考查人稱代詞． hold one's breath 是固定短語，中間需要用物主代詞．
6．touches改為touch，考查動詞適當形式．位于won't 后面應該是用動詞原形．
7．travelers改為traveler，考查名詞單復數(shù)．本文出現(xiàn)兩個人，一個…，另一個…，所以用單數(shù)形式．
8．that改為what．考查名詞性從句． ask后面有賓語從句，從句中whisper缺少賓語，所以用what．
9．to改為in 考查介詞搭配．whisper in one's ear，意思是在某人的耳朵里低語．
10．去掉to，考查不定式．本句為祈使句，祈使句是以動詞原形開頭，不需要to．

點評 改錯題要注意代詞，連詞以及詞性、人稱的轉化．
做好短文改錯題，可以從以下三方面去考慮：1．快速閱讀短文，如抓住中心思想，從整體上對短文有個了解． 2．充分運用語言的基礎知識，從句型結構、詞的變化、詞類選擇、詞的搭配、習慣用法出發(fā)，進行分析判斷，盡快找出錯誤在何處． 3．重視整體和語境，從上下文關系中找出表達連接關系或邏輯關系的詞或詞組，判斷是遞進關系還是轉折關系，是因果關系還是讓步關系．