5．Daniel Anderson，a famous psychologist，believes it's important to distinguish television's influences on children from those of the family．We tend to blame TV，he says，for problems it doesn't really cause，overlooking our own roles in shaping children's minds．
One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child's ability to think and to understand the world．While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images （影像）．Instead，they learn both explicit （明確的）and hidden meanings from what they see．Actually，children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows．Furthermore，as many teachers agree，children understand far more when parents watch TV with them，explaining new words and ideas．Yet，most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room．
Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment．But according to Anderson，the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability．TV doesn't take the place of reading for most children； it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation，such as listening to the radio and playing sports．Things like parents'educational background have a stronger influence on a child's reading．"A child's reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads．"Anderson says．
Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ （智商） scores and affects school performance．But here，too，Anderson notes that no studies have proved it．In fact，research suggests that it's the other way around．"If you're smart young，you'll watch less TV when you're older，"Anderson says．Yet，people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers．
For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children．However，by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed，Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences．
28．By watching TV，children learnB．
A．images through words
B．more than explicit meanings
C．more about images than words
D．little about people's psychology
29．Which of the following is most related to children's reading ability？C
A．Radio-listening
B．Television-watching
C．Parents'reading list
D．Parents'educational background
30．Anderson believed thatC．
A．the more a child watches TV，the smarter he is
B．the younger a child is，the more he watches TV
C．the smarter a child is，the less likely he gets addicted to TV
D．the less a child watches TV，the better he performs at school
31．What is the main purpose of the passage？D
A．To advise on the educational use of TV．
B．To describe TV's harmful effects on children．
C．To explain traditional views on TV influences．
D．To present Anderson's unconventional ideas．
分析 本文敘述著名心理學家Daniel Anderson對孩子們看電視的看法，打破了以往人們認為看電視對孩子不好的想法．他認為孩子們看電視不知學到顯現出來的東西；父母陪孩子看電視，孩子可以學到更多知識；孩子看電視并沒有代替孩子閱讀，并沒有影響孩子的智商．
解答 28．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據第二段的Instead，they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see．可知孩子們通過看電視，可以學到顯性和隱藏的意義，因此不僅僅學到隱藏的意思．
29．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據第三段的Things like parents'educational background have a stronger influence on a child's reading．可知父母的教育背景對孩子的閱讀有很強的影響．
30．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據第四段的"If you're smart young，you'll watch less TV when you're older"可知如果你小時越聰明，長大看電視看得越來越少．
31．答D．推理判斷題．根據最后一段的Anderson suggests that television cannot condemned without considering other influences．"Anderson認為不應該按照常規(guī)，不考慮電視的其他影響而去譴責電視"故推斷這篇文章的目的是呈現Anderson打破常規(guī)的想法．
點評 本文是一個人物故事類閱讀理解，題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據．
