20.Gene Testing
DNA-based tests are among the first commercial medical applications of the new genetic discoveries.Gene tests can be used to diagnose and confirm disease.They provide prognostic (預(yù)兆) information about the course of disease.(36)F

Currently,several hundred genetic tests are in clinical use.(37)A Their numbers and varieties are expected to increase rapidly over the next decade.Most current tests detect mutations(突變) associated with rare genetic disorders.

Recently,tests have been developed to detect mutations for a handful of more complex conditions such as breast and colon(結(jié)腸) cancers.(38)E And the information they provide helps physicians and patients manage the disease or condition more effectively.

(39)B The tests may not detect every mutation associated with a particular condition and the ones they do detect may present different risks to various people and populations.Another important consideration in gene testing is the lack of effective treatments or preventive measures for many diseases and conditions now being diagnosed or predicted.

(40)D Because genetic tests uncover information about persons and their families,test results can affect families in many ways.For example,people with genetic disorders may be regarded as a group with diseases to be ashamed of.


A.Many more are under development.
B.There are some scientific limitations of gene tests.
C.Using genes themselves to treat disease has inspired the imagination of the public.
D.Knowledge about the risk of potential future disease can produce mental and  psychological impacts.
E.One potential benefit of these tests is that they could provide information.
F.They can also predict the risk of future disease in healthy people or their children.
G.The way disorders are diagnosed,treated,and prevented is improved.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了基于DNA的測試是第一個商業(yè)化的醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的新基因的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一,可用于診斷和確認疾病.

解答 36.F.推理判斷題.根據(jù)前文They provide prognostic (預(yù)兆) information about the course of disease可知他們也可以預(yù)測未來疾病的風險在健康的人或他們的孩子;故選F.
37.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)后文Their numbers and varieties are expected to increase rapidly over the next decade可知許多基因檢測正在開發(fā)中;故選A.
38.E.推理判斷題.根據(jù)后文And the information they provide helps physicians and patients manage the disease or condition more effectively可知這些測試的一個潛在的好處是,他們可以提供信息;故選E.
39.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)后文The tests may not detect every mutation associated with a particular condition and the ones they do detect may present different risks to various people and populations可知基因測試有一些科學(xué)局限性;故選B.
40.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)后文Because genetic tests uncover information about persons and their families,test results can affect families in many ways可知潛在的未來疾病風險的知識可以產(chǎn)生心理和心理的影響;故選D.

點評 考察學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和聯(lián)系上下文的能力,在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.此類的填空題一定要聯(lián)系上下文,根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解,再作出正確的判斷.

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