Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists(考古學(xué)家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.
小題1:According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _______.
A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
B．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
C．it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
D．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
小題2:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
小題3:What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?
A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
B．The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.
D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.
B．Research time should be extended, scientists require.
C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.
D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archaeologists warn.

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:D

試題分析：本文是一篇關(guān)于考古話題的議論文。英國法律規(guī)定出土的文物要重新埋入地下，考古學(xué)家們認為這對考古工作是有害的。
小題1:歸納總結(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段和第四段可知考古學(xué)家們認為此項法律是不合理的，對考古工作也是有破壞性的，故選B。
小題2:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.雖然時間延長了，但是這些人類的遺骸還是要被重新埋起來，可知C項正確；根據(jù)第三段第二句可知A項說法錯誤；由第四段可知B項說法錯誤；文章沒有提到D項所敘說內(nèi)容。
小題3:判斷推理題。由文章最后一段The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.可推出司法部還沒有對法律做出明確的規(guī)定，D項說法正確；A項說法與文章內(nèi)容相悖；由第五段可知B項中的副詞only絕對化了，不正確；C項中的in recent decades說法有誤。選D。
小題4:主旨大意題。從文章第一段的句子：Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists(考古學(xué)家) says. 可知法律要求出土的文物要重新被埋入地下，為此很多古代的秘密就不為人知了，故選D。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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A．threw out good food on the campus
B．supported the volunteers’ job
C．enjoyed the talk with the students
D．donated their leftovers to the poor
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D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste
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B．a(chǎn)ltogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays
C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms
D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network
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A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food
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C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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C．Circuses in Bolivia Open or Closed
D．Animals belong in circuses Yes or No
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

China’s new term, tuhao, may be in next year’s Oxford English Dictionary. The word caught the attention of the dictionary's editing team after BBC’s recent program on influential Chinese words. “If its influence continues, it is very likely to appear on our updated list of words,” said Julie Kleeman, project manager with the editing team.
In Chinese tu means uncouth (笨拙的) and hao means rich. It has traditionally been referred to rich people who throw their weight around in China’s countryside. The word became more popular in September with the launch of Apple’s new gold-colored iPhone, which is loved by China’s rich people. The color became known as “tuhao gold.” The word is now also used by the online community to refer to people who have the cash but lack the class to go with it. Kleeman also mentioned two other Chinese words — dama and hukou — which may also make it into the dictionary.
People can have an intuitive (直觀的) grasp of the meanings if they see pinyin, Kleeman said, adding that people avoid using an English word to keep the original meaning.
“We have nearly 120 Chinese-linked words now in Oxford English Dictionary,” she said. Some of them are: Guanxi, which means “connection”; Taikonaut, a mix of taikong, meaning outer space, and astronaut.
The new words will be first uploaded on the official website before the dictionaries arrive. The online version is also renewed every three months. “It at least broke our old rules. It used to take 10 years to include a new word but now we keep the pace with the time,” according to a statement from ex-chief-editor John Simpson.
小題1:Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A．Dama and hukou have made it into Oxford English dictionary.
B．Some influential Chinese words appeared on one of BBC’s recent programs.
C．tuhao refers to people who have both the cash and the class.
D．John Simpson thinks that it is not good to break old rules.
小題2:What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 mean?
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C．Go on a diet. D．Put on weight.
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A．it is very likely to appear in Oxford English Dictionary
B．it is often used by the online community
C．people use Chinese pinyin to keep the original meaning
D．Apple launched a new gold-colored iPhone
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A．tuhao may end up in Oxford English Dictionary
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This is not a surprise to public health advocates.They've studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
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The influence is obvious.

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C．the effect of tobacco tax increase
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A．toleranceB．unconcern
C．doubtD．sympathy
小題4:What does the author think is a surprise?
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Debra Veal is a very brave woman. She took part in a race to row across the Atlantic，a journey for about 3, 360 kilometers. She was in one of the 36 small rowing boats that set off on October 7th,  2001 from Tenerife. Each small boat was the same with food for the journey. She arrived in Barbados on January 26th ,  2002 after rowing across the Atlantic for three-and-a-half months.
Debra began the journey with her husband in a small boat called Troika Transatlantic. But after 14 days he became very afraid, so he was taken off the small rowing boat. This did not make Debra give up. For the next hundred days, she rowed her small boat against the waves and the wind.
When she at last arrived at the end of her journey,  she was reluctant ( 不情愿的 ) to leave her boat though her husband and family were there to welcome her. The boat had carried her safely to the end of the journey. She said,  "I just want to toast(給……敬酒)this lady, this very special lady. I am full of sadness that I will have to leave her. She has protected me through many storms. "
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A．he had to look after their childB．it was a dangerous journey
C．there was no food for the journeyD．he was fed up with the journey
小題2:"this lady" refers to_________.
A．her motherB．her boatC．herselfD．the journey
小題3:Which of the following is right?
A．The journey lasted 100 days.
B．Each boat was different.
C．Debra Veal wanted to leave her boat as soon as the race ended.
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